Zhang yuangan

Zhang yuangan

Zhang yuangan (1091-about 1161), named Zhongzong, was a resident of Luchuan and a native of Zhenyin mountain. In his later years, he called himself Laoyin of Luchuan. Luchuan Yongfu people (now Fujian Yongtai Songkou town Yuezhou Village). He served successively as Shesheng and Chenliu county magistrate. When Qin Hui was in power, he joined the command of Li Gang, resolutely resisted Jin and strongly admonished him. After Qin Hui heard about it, he went to Dali temple to get rid of his name. After Yuan Gan, he wandered Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces and died in a foreign land. He died about 70 years ago and was buried in Luoshan, Fujian Province. Together with Zhang Xiaoxiang, Zhang yuangan is known as the "double talent of Ci" in the early Southern Song Dynasty.

Life of the characters

Family background

Zhang yuangan was born in a scholarly family and was the ninth grandson of Zhang Mu. Zhang Musheng's three sons are Wu, Ying and Geng. In today's Fuzhou, waiting for official posts, Ying and Geng moved to Yuezhou township. Yuan Gan is the eighth descendant of Zhang Ying. His grandfather, Zhang jianmeng, was a scholar in the fifth year of emperor you of the Song Dynasty. He was an official in the imperial court, fenglang and Shezhou. Father Zhang an Dao (genealogy for several), Jinshi origin, official to LongTuge straight bachelor, can poetry. He was an official in Ye County.

Reading period

Zhang yuangan lost his mother in his early years and was in office with his father at the age of 14 or 15. Influenced by his family tradition, Zhang yuangan was smart and eager to learn from childhood. The Hanguang Pavilion and Shuiyue Pavilion in Yongtai were his childhood life and study places. He often sings in harmony with his father and his guests. Whenever the guests sing, they will listen attentively. Sometimes they will sing in a casual way. His rhetoric is impressive and the audience is full of exclamations. He is called "Min Wu". In 1110, Zhang yuangan went to Nanchang, Jiangxi Province to consult Mr. Donghu Xu Shichuan on the syntax of poetry. He took part in the activities of Jiangxi poetry school hongchu, Hongyan, Sujian, pan Zizhen, Lu benzhong, Wang Zao, Xiang Zichen and others. He drank wine and wrote poetry and music, which was influenced by Jiangxi poetry school.

Extensive social and creative talents make yuangan come to the fore in his youth. When he was 22 years old, he went to the Imperial College in Bianjing with his father to give up his life. He made great progress in his studies and poetry creation, and had a good reputation. His poems, such as "Bodhisattva man", are beautiful and charming, showing the style of his early Ci poems and winning people's praise. In the second year of Xuanhe (1119), Zhang yuangan became an official and became a professor of kaidefu.

Fighting against Jin Bing

In January 1126, the first year of Jingkang in Song Dynasty, Li Gang served as a personal camp envoy in charge of the defense of Kyoto. Zhang yuangan was an official of the camp. Jinbing crossed the Yellow River and besieged Kyoto (now Kaifeng, Henan). At the critical moment, Li Gang stood up, resolutely resisted Jin and strongly admonished him. Zhang yuangan was passionate about fighting against Jin, so he immediately went on the book of "fighting the enemy" and put himself into the defense of Kyoto under the command of Li Gang. Zhang yuangan and Li Gang braved the arrow rain to command and kill the enemy in the city, and beat back the Jin soldiers' attacks for many times. The battle was extremely fierce. After Jin Bing suffered heavy losses, he knew that Li Gang was well prepared to defend the city. In February of the same year, he withdrew his troops and got out of Kyoto. To this end, Zhang yuangan wrote the poem "the slogan of the encirclement of the capital in the spring of Bingwu", cheering the victory.

Ambition is hard to pay

In the first year of Jianyan (1127), Zhao Gou, king of Song Kang, ascended the throne in Nanjing (now Shangqiu south of Henan Province), and established the Southern Song Dynasty as Emperor Gaozong. Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty appointed Li Gang as prime minister, and Zhang yuangan was recalled. He was an official, a court official, and a general. After Li Gang was Prime Minister, a clean and honest government was in charge, while Zhang yuangan actively cooperated with Li Gang. Gaozong and the moderates attacked and excluded Li Gang. Li Gang was dismissed after only 75 days as prime minister. In the autumn of the third year of Jianyan (1129), Zhang yuangan was filled with indignation when he saw the decline of national power and the Southern Song Dynasty had only one corner in the south of the Yangtze River. He wrote a poem "Shi Zhou man · Ji You Qiu Wu Xing Zhou Zhong Zuo" to express his support for Li Gang's struggle against Jin Dynasty. Zhang yuangan was also slandered by the treacherous officials of the imperial court. Fortunately, Wang Zao's rescue saved him. In the spring of the first year of Shaoxing (1131), the war in the south of the Yangtze River gradually subsided. Emperor Gaozong settled down in Lin'an. He had no intention to collect the lost land in order to "make peace". Qin Hui, a treacherous minister, was appointed to participate in political affairs. The main warring factions were excluded, and people with lofty ideals were unwilling to join in with them, so he had to retire from Lin Quan and be proud of the landscape. Zhang yuangan also resigned and returned to Fujian. In the winter of the eighth year of Shaoxing (1138), the treacherous officials Qin Hui and Sun Jin planned to make peace with Jin and pay tribute to Jinying. Li Gang resolutely opposed it, but Zhang Yuan was furious when he heard it. He wrote a poem "before rhyme again, that's all." he denounced Qin Hui, Sun Jin and other traitors and traitors as "flock sheep" to express his grief and indignation. When Li Gang was in Shangshu, Fuzhou, he opposed the court discussion and betrayal of the country. Zhang yuangan learned about Li Gang's writing and wrote "congratulations to the bridegroom, to Prime Minister Li Boji.".

He was framed

In the 12th year of Shaoxing (1142), Hu Quan, the editor of the Privy Council, was framed and demoted to Zhaozhou (now Pingle, Guangxi) by the traitors because he had opposed the peace negotiation in the past and asked to behead Qin Hui and Sun Jin to thank the world. Then he was framed and demoted to Guangzhou Yancang by Qin Hui. At that time, Hu Quan was banished in Fu Tang (now Fuqing, Fujian). That is to say, when he started from Fu Tang and passed through Fuzhou, Zhang yuangan, regardless of his personal safety, came forward to see Hu Quan off by writing "congratulating the bridegroom, sending Hu bangheng to be banished to Xinzhou". This infuriated Qin Hui, and Zhang yuangan was arrested, jailed, and stripped of his name.

After being released from prison

After he was released from prison, Zhang yuangan came to Suzhou again. "However, his date of return was uncertain, and he still wandered in the rivers and lakes. Around the 26th year of Shaoxing, the white haired yuangan came to Lin'an again. Zhang yuangan stayed in Lin'an and lived on the West Lake. He not only met his surviving old friend Liu Zhifu, but also met the young Zhou Deyou, Zhang Xiaoxiang and others. He also wrote six postscripts of Su Yangzhi's poems which Zhou Deyou had collected.

In the following years, he wandered around Wu and Yue again. In the 27th year of Shaoxing (1157), he ascended the Chuihong bridge with his staff and looked into the distance according to the hurdles. This summer, he roamed Jiaxing, Zhejiang. Two years later, on the Mid Autumn Festival, he went to Wujiang again to visit the old place. He was nearly 70 years old. Therefore, in the preface of the ten outstanding Chen Shilang in shanghujiang, he said affectionately: "after 29 years of official retirement in 1911, he was 70 years old." Since then, we can't know exactly where and when he died. Maybe he died in a foreign land.

Literary achievements

Zhang yuangan can be regarded as an important poet in the late Northern Song Dynasty and the early Southern Song Dynasty. He is especially good at CI. Among his two works, congratulating the bridegroom is the most famous, which is known as a masterpiece. Zhang yuangan has a wide range of books and a high literary accomplishment. He can write poetry, CI and prose. His works include 10 volumes of the collection of the return of Luchuan and 2 volumes of the Ci of Luchuan, totaling more than 180. His works are full of patriotic passion and are highly praised by the people.

Evaluation of later generations

It is said in Song Shi Yi that "Chang Yue Zhang Yuan Gan, with the word Zhong Zong, has been able to play the role of Yuefu between Zhenghe and Xuanhe. Today, it has been handed down to the world as "the collection of Luchuan". There are more than one hundred and sixty chapters, and the two chapters of "congratulations to the bridegroom" are the first

"Siku Quanshu Zongmu" says that "his Ci is generous and sad, but after hundreds of years, he still wants to be restrained and upright.". His style of CI changed with the changes of the times. In his early years, the style of Ci was fresh and graceful; after he went to the south, he was bold and unrestrained, solemn and stirring, and his style was awe inspiring. "

Zhang yuangan's Ci works can be regarded as an important poet connecting the past and the future in the late Northern Song Dynasty and the early Southern Song Dynasty. He inherited the bold and unconstrained style of CI created by Su Shi, and combined the content of CI with the reality more closely, which had an important impact on many excellent Ci writers. It opened up the realm of Ci, endowed CI with new life, and opened up the creative road of CI poets in the Southern Song Dynasty. The theme and style of CI had an important impact on the later Xin Qiji CI school. It is worthy of being a famous patriotic CI poet in the Song Dynasty.

Commemoration of later generations

"Zhang yuangan Memorial Hall" is located in Yongtai Chengguan Tashan Park, covering an area of more than 1500 square meters, with a two-story structure and a total investment of more than 2.3 million yuan. It has been a year and a half since the construction of the memorial hall. The exhibition of Zhang yuangan's life story is arranged in the museum. It collects the comments of the literati and celebrities since the Southern Song Dynasty on Zhang yuangan, including the comments of Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and other proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation. More than 300 photos and pictures are distributed to show people the famous patriotic poet I'm looking forward to you.

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Yuan Gan