Wang Duan

Wang Duan

Wang Duan (1793 - February 1, 1839), a poetess in Qing Dynasty. The word Yun Zhuang, the word Xiao Yi. Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) people. Hubei is the wife of Chen Pei. He is familiar with historical events and allusions. He likes Gao Qi's and Wu Weiye's poems. In the early Ming Dynasty and the second two episodes of poetry, there is a collection of natural learning.

Life of the characters

Waiting for words in the boudoir

Wang Duan (1793-1838) was born in a scholarly family in Qiantang, Zhejiang Province. Grandfather name constitution, word thousand wave, No. fish Pavilion. At the age of 26, Wai Lang, a member of the Ministry of official and criminal justice, returned to Hangzhou after begging for support. My father's name is Yu? -1809), the word Ji Huai, since the number tianqianshan people. Candidate chief secretary experience, retired. Liang Shaoren's essays on two kinds of Qiuyu nunnery also contains his opinions on explaining the doubtful points of Zuozhuan with medical theory. His mother, Liang Yingzhen, was born in a famous family. His grandfather was Prime Minister Liang Shizheng, and his father was Minister of the Ministry of government and industry. When Wang Duan came to the world, his family elders were famous for his great uncle Liang Tongshu, a poet and calligrapher; his Uncle Zhang yunao and aunt Liang Desheng, a poet; his Uncle Xu Zongyan, a poet and ancient writer; his uncle Liang Yusheng (after Liang Tongshu), Lu Sheng, a famous scholar; his uncle Qian Du, a poet and painter. Most of her aunts, middle cousins and nephews are well-known ladies, while Wang Xiaomi, a descendant of Zhenqi hall and a famous book collector, is her nephew. Such a list of families and relatives is enough to make anyone proud. Wang Duan's mother died early, and his father no longer married him. He taught his two sons and daughters, and could read and write poems. Wang Duan was the youngest. Her father regarded her as a pearl. She studied in gaomai an, a scholar of Yan Dynasty. She was very kind and tolerant. However, her daughter was "playful and had fun playing with ants after school. Tianqian Weng, with his childishness, can't bear to cheat. Wang Duan's childhood can be said to be happy. Free play is of great benefit to the development of her nature. Her intelligence has been revealed very early. At the age of Du Fu's "singing the Phoenix", Wang Duan also wrote spring snow poems at the order of his father. At that time, he thought that the catkins would not be reduced because of the wind, and he was called Xiao Yi because of his call. If you recite Muhua's Haifu twice, you can recite it without leaving a word. Reading is unforgettable, and very independent. When her father saw that she liked poetry, he read it to her from the poetry collections of song, yuan and Ming Dynasties. As soon as she saw it, she abandoned it and left gaoqingqiu and wumeicun alone, then went to wuliugao. Father asked why, answer: "Plum Village thick and boneless, not as green hill Dan and goods." From then on, he took Qingqiu collection as the standard. His father didn't know how much effort he had devoted to the upbringing of his young daughter, so that Chen Wenshu later sighed: "it's the same for you to come back to Yu's family and pay close attention to your parents. You'll be called a sage without saying a word. Those who are also familiar with the gains and losses of historical biography and the exile of the poetic school are all taught by the monarch. "

marriage

The Father also made proper arrangements for his daughter's future happiness. Having learned a lot from his friend Hua Qiucha, he paid a special visit to Suzhou to praise Chen wenshuzi for his outstanding talent. As soon as I read Pei Zhi's the first collection of chunzaotang, I sigh that I am a talented person. I immediately belong to huaqiucha as a medium and have a good relationship with Chen Wenshu. Wang Duan was engaged to Chen Peizhi in 1807, when he was 15 years old. When Wang Duan was full of hope for the future, his misfortune followed. In the 14th year of Jiaqing (1809), the eldest brother died in the Sichuan military camp for the first time. Gu Lu's Wang Duan is taken to his aunt Liang Desheng's home. Liang Desheng (1771-1847), who was born in Chu Dynasty, was famous for his poem at that time. He wrote yongchunxuan Shicao and presided over Fengya. He was called Longmen, a lady. Wang Duan is at his aunt's home. He sits in a room all day long and recites Tang poems silently. When he meets his mother, he laughs. His family is a bookworm. Her intelligence and strong memory is shown again. After reading Yu Xin's Ode to the south of the Yangtze river twice, she can recite it correctly. When Liang Desheng saw that his niece had a talent, he carefully taught her poetry. Later, Wang Duan chose Ming poetry under the guidance of his aunt. Uncle Xu Zongyan is a famous contemporary poet, who wrote the collection of jianshuizhai. Every time he saw what Wang Duan had done, he would make the amendment perfect. The second volume of Wang Duan's natural and studious Zhai Shi Chao (the following is the number of volumes quoted from Shi Chao) includes Xie Xie and Chu Sheng's aunt, and the fifth volume of Xu Zongyan's Jian Shui Zhai Ji includes Xie Xie and Wang Xiaokai's niece, all of which were written at that time. I want to see a room of singing music. On the fifth day of February in the 15th year of Jiaqing (1810), Wang Duan, who was 18 years old, belonged to the Chen family and became the daughter-in-law of the famous poet Chen Wenshu. Her husband Chen Peizhi (1794-1826) was named mengkai and Langyu. His father was named Yunbo, so he was named Xiaoyun. Xiao Yun inherited his family studies and had a long reputation. He was known as "Shen Qing is like Wei Shubao, Cai Lue is like Wen Taizhen, Wenzhang is like Jia Changsha, elegant is like Zhou Gongjin". He has the unique purpose of being a scholar. Liang Tongshu and Xu Zongyan, the elders of the Wang family, highly praised his talents. In 1814, Liang Tongshu, at the age of 92, wrote a preface to Wang Duan's poems. He called Pei Zhi "extraordinary in nature and Surpassing in knowledge". He also called his chenghuaitang poems "elegant and resentful in emotion, elegant and elegant in style, charming in the present and ancient times and outstanding" in Zhong Rong's language. Therefore, Wang Duan's return to Pei Zhi was intended to be Qi Biao's business Jinglan. Chen Wenshu's "yidaotang poetry anthology" Volume 10 "another poem to show qin'er and bride Wang Duan" says: "you should laugh at the fool and have a fool's blessing. Sure enough, a good woman is better than a good one. I'm still ashamed to be a member of Cui Lu's family. I know Bao Xie's name. " I also appreciate this daughter-in-law. Soon after Wang Duan passed the gate, there was a poem entitled "the painting of a boat in a sea of flowers" written by Gu Da Ren at her mother-in-law's request, which showed her mature talent: plum trees on the Bank of Xixi River, misty snow and spring. Three thousand white phoenixes come from the sky, and the jade garden is full of splendor. Yan Bingyu, the fairy of Luofu, is also suspected. She smiles at Xiuzhu. Wave bottom flower light Dan if smoke, rippling blue radial row spring green. A bed of spot tube is good at Fenghua, and the new singing phase is Geng lixiaoxia. Green feather shadow edge fishing flute, clear mountains deep night smoke cover. In the Qing Dynasty, Xishan is a good place to live, and Tongkeng and Tongjing may be like this. He was also addicted to haze and promised to travel with him to write books. Chen Wenshu was always admiring Yuan Mei and admiring himself. He said, "everyone has a collection in one school." he also had more than 30 female disciples. At that time, he planned to stay in the garden. The poetesses who wrote poems for the preface included Jin Xianxian, Hu Zhizhu, Shen Caishi, Li Jinxuan, Wu Xianzhi, Chen Jingyuan, Wang Duan, Xin Si, Wang Zhonglan, Li Peijin, Yang Yun, Xi Peilan, Qu Bingyun, Chen Deqing, Chen Changsheng, sun Qi, Gu Ling, Zhao Lansu, Zhao Lingxiao, Chen Junjun and many talented women of the previous generation. Chen Weisong's women's collection was also published, which is Juxiang, Xiaoqing Ms. Yang yunyousan built a tomb and wrote poems all over the country. Wang Duancai's name was written earlier and belonged to the Chen family. At that time, she became a sister from the poets Li Peijin, GUI Maoyi and Wang Qiong. Only from the reward title of "natural studious Zhai Shi Chao", we can see that she has more than 60 ladies, such as Yun Zhu, Cao Zhenxiu, Xi Huiwen, Wu Pingxiang and so on. On weekdays, they read and wrote poems at home, and played with Pei Zhiqin. At the beginning of the 21st year of Jiaqing (1816), she wrote two poems of Bingzi mengzou and Xiaoyun sitting at night in Chenghuai hall, which not only expressed the satisfaction of "flowers falling on the piano bed, spring unfolding, Xiangwen Xiaoju talking about poems at night", but also declared that "we should not fight for the beauty of the body, nor strive for the fame of the Han and Tang Dynasties", "the bright pearl and green feather are not my good, and it is not crazy to be good at work" Attitude. From the confession of "it's not easy for a poet to be a school of his own, but he's not willing to be crazy for thousands of years", we can see clearly that a pair of young poets have their own ideas and are full of self-confidence. the marriage life of Wang Duan and his wife is easy to associate with Li Qingzhao and Zhao Mingcheng. They are in love and elegant. But it's just a bright surface, with a thick shadow behind it. Pei's talent is difficult to use, and his way to fame is rather bumpy. In the early days, he was appointed as a divination official, but the Jiangnan officials were different in talent, so they were asked to stay in Jiangnan for supplement. The Ministry of officials, for example, changed to Nanguan, Yunnan Province. Pei Zhi was too far away to take up his post. He had been walking in the Department of Naifu county and taking part in the river shogunate.

Widowed life

Wang Duan lost his mother when he was a child, and his father and elder brother when he was a hairpin. In the 21st year of Jiaqing, his elder sister Yun gave thanks again. In 1813, he gave birth to his second son, Xiaoxian (later renamed Baoyong), who was weak in appearance. For this reason, Wang duanju was often depressed. It is only one year since the writing of the above-mentioned two poems by chance, the feelings expressed in the old work of Ding Chou's sense of human day are completely different: looking back, the joy seems to be separated from the dust, and the jade plum blossoms are full of tears. Also meet Jian Caizhuan Cup Festival, not all sad from the feeling of death. The poetess, who is 25 years old, is already burdened with too much sorrow. In 1819, Wang Duan and Pei Zhi prayed together for Weng Gu's double diseases. They vowed to keep fasting for three years and recited the Guanyin Sutra. From then on, the couple separated. During this period, Wang Duan suffered from neurasthenia due to the selection of Ming poetry. He often lost sleep and took Shenqi. Since he was weak and had few children, he asked Pei Zhi to take a concubine and marry Ji Zixiang, king of moling. After that, she was still photographed for several years, and her condition was slightly better. Zixiang died two years after his introduction, which made Wang Duan mourn for him and make him cry in the eight laws of Zixiang CI. Readers praise her tolerance, but who knows her sorrow and helplessness? In 1826, at the age of 34, Wang Duanxing was already full of hair. But more misfortunes followed. At the end of the year, Pei's guest died in Han Gao, and Baoyong heard of his father's obituary. He was so frightened that he could not be cured for a long time. Wang Duan was advised by her relatives to take a maid as a wife and continue her descendants. She could not bear to miss her daughter and tried to wait for Baoyong to recover from his illness to make further deliberation, but it failed. All these facts show that the family happiness of Wang Duan is not much. She said "middle age" in her poem "seeing off Yi Shan's elder sister on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month" (Volume 5)

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