Fu Honglie

Fu Honglie

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Fu Honglie (1623-1680), named Zhongmou and Zhujun, was a Jinxian man in Jiangxi Province, a general of the Qing Dynasty and a frontier official.

At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, Fu Honglie lived in Guangxi. During the reign of emperor Shunzhi of Qing Dynasty, he was granted Tongzhi of Shaozhou and moved to Qingyang Prefecture of Gansu Province. In the imperial edict of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, Fu Honglie was given a funeral ceremony, as well as a posthumous title of Zhongyi. In the eighth year of Yongzheng reign, he was worshipped in Xianliang temple. In the eighth year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong, he was worshipped in Zhaozhong temple and in the spring and Autumn period. He is the author of the complete works of Fu Zhongyi.

Fu Honglie was an important frontier minister in the early Qing Dynasty. He pacified the rebellion many times and went to Guangxi as governor.

Life of the characters

Early years in office

At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, Fu Honglie lived in Guangxi.

In 1657, Fu Honglie was recommended by Wang Guoguang, governor of Guangdong and Guangdong provinces, to serve as Tongzhi of Shaozhou, Guangdong Province.

In 1663, Fu Honglie was promoted to governor of Qingyang Prefecture in Gansu Province.

plead for the people

In the early Qing Dynasty, Qingyang Prefecture was under the jurisdiction of one Prefecture and three counties. At the end of Ming Dynasty, there were frequent wars and wars in Qingyang Prefecture, and there were no remnant people in many places. However, the taxes levied by the imperial court on Qingyang did not decrease at all. In the third year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi, the population was still very small and the economy was weak, especially in ningzhou, Anhua and Heshui, where the common people had no food or clothing, were crying for hunger and selling their children. In this crisis, Fu Honglie was appointed governor of Qingyang. Whenever he went out for inspection, the hungry people often stopped the way to beg, moaning bitterly. He ordered his officials to provide extra food and clothing to the hungry, and let the exiles go home to be properly resettled. He took the lead in setting an example, exhausting his family property to collect taxes for the people, and persuading Lingzhou county officials Tong Guoyu, Yu Erqiu, Wu zongsi, LV Shilong and Zhu Jie to donate more than 30000 liang of silver to clear taxes for the people of Sanzhou county. After that, he produced a notice to tell the people not to pursue the levy, so as to calm people's hearts.

Although Fu Honglie was hard to destroy his family, he still could not extricate himself from the hunger and cold of the common people. Therefore, he risked his life to draft the first book of money and food, which is to ask for exemption from the Qing Dynasty. He stated the people's feelings in Qingyang to the Emperor and asked for relief of money and food. In the memorial, he said: "the land in ningzhou is barren, natural disasters have occurred for many years, and the common people have no hope of farming and are in exile. Although buckwheat still has a certain harvest, it can not be sold. Even if it is sold at a low price, it is far from being able to pay taxes. In this difficult situation, not to mention the ordinary people, even among the Gongsheng and Shengren, there are people who sell their children. The suffering of ningzhou people can hardly be described in words. " He not only described the miserable life of the people in ningzhou to the emperor in memorials, but also reported the situation of the people in Heshui and Anhua. Fu Honglie pleaded for the people, and his spirit shocked the whole court.

In the fourth year of Kangxi (1665), the emperor decreed to remit the taxes of Qingyang Prefecture before. Later, Fu Honglie went over the rules four times, reflecting the fact that the taxes were heavy and the people were suffering. He proposed to implement the national policy of light corvee and light taxes and rest with the people, so as to benefit the long-term stability of the feudal country. Emperor Kangxi realized his loyalty to the country and the people, praised him and approved the reduction of more than 16000 liang of Qingyang house silver. Fu Honglie continued to advocate his colleagues to donate money to Qingyang people to help the poor. He used his colleague Li Yang's donation to rebuild the Criminal Justice Department, and wrote "preface to the reconstruction Department signed by Li", which won the admiration of the officials and the people. People built ancestral temples for him and worshiped him with statues.

Fu Honglie served as an official in Qingyang for several years and made outstanding achievements. He was promoted by the imperial court to be a great general and governor of Guangxi. After he took office in Guangxi, he used the strategy of suppressing and pacifying the bandits to resolve ethnic conflicts and make the people of all ethnic groups in Guangxi live and work in peace and contentment.

atone for one 's crimes by doing good deeds

In 1668, Fu Honglie accused Wu Sangui of conspiracy and dismissed him.

Kangxi nine years (1670), amnesty, Xu Wuzhou.

In the winter of the 13th year of Kangxi (1674), Wu Sangui rebelled in Yunnan, detained Fu Honglie and forced him to surrender. Fu honglieyang attached Wu Sangui and once persuaded sun Yanling, a Guangxi general who took part in Wu Sangui's anti Qing campaign. Fu Honglie went out to fight with his troops and made many outstanding achievements. He was successively awarded to the governor of Guangxi, to the general of pacifying the barbarians and exterminating the invaders, and to the crown prince and Taibao.

die for one's country

In 1677, the battle of Pingle was the last battle in the rebellion of San Francisco in Qing Dynasty. After betraying the Qing Dynasty, sun Yanling prepared to surrender to the Qing Dynasty and entrusted Fu Honglie to Shaozhou to meet the Qing army. He agreed that once the Qing army arrived in Guilin, it would formally surrender. Wu Sangui sent sun Shicong to kill sun Yanling and occupy Guilin. Fu Honglie led more than ten thousand troops, and joined the vice capital of the Qing Dynasty, Tong Mang, to lead the full army. He entered Pingle from He county, only a hundred miles away from Guilin. Wu Shicong came to the aid of tens of thousands of people by water and land, and camped with the Qing army in Jiajiang. Wu Shicong's rebels crossed the river and attacked Fu Honglie's lvying soldiers on a large scale. However, mang Yitu's army was full of soldiers and could not help each other, so lvying was defeated by the rebels. Mang Yitu also returned to Wuzhou.

In 1680, Fu Honglie was detained by Ma Chengyin, a member of Wu Sangui's party and a traitor. He was escorted to Guiyang (today's Guiyang, Hunan Province), where he scolded jueli and died. Fu Honglie, as an early Han Chinese who was loyal to the Qing Dynasty, got a high honor. In the imperial edict of Kangxi, Fu Honglie was given a funeral ceremony, the crown prince, the Taishi and the Minister of the Ministry of war, and his posthumous title was Zhongyi.

Yongzheng eight years (1730), into the worship of Xianliang temple,

Qianlong eight years (1743), into Zhaozhong Ci, spring and autumn sacrifice.

Representative works

Fu Honglie is the author of the complete works of Fu Zhongyi.

Historical evaluation

According to the draft of the history of the Qing Dynasty, "Honglie had a different army, but he lost his position with mang Yitu. He was isolated, so he was trapped in Chenghe. To be loyal and righteous, to be morale, to be afraid of bandits, is not to be an apprentice to the dead. Hoo hoo, I've been dead! "

Index of historical records

History of Qing Dynasty manuscript volume 252 biography 39

Chinese PinYin : Fu Hong Lie