Fu Dashi

Fu Dashi

Fu Dashi (497-569), whose real name is Fu Xi, is Xuanfeng, and is called Shanhui. The biography of continued eminent monks is known as Fu Hong, also known as master Shanhui, master Yuxing, master Shuanglin, master Dongyang and master Wushang. Dongyang County Wushang county (now Zhejiang Yiwu) people.

He never became a monk in his life, but practiced Buddhism and Taoism as a Buddhist. In the 11th year of Liang Tianjian's reign, he was 16 years old. He married Liu miaoguang and had two sons. At the age of 24, he was guided by master Dharma, a Buddhist monk in China. He has made great achievements in Taoism. He is three years old at seventy.

Fu Dashi is the famous zunsu of Liang Dynasty Zen in the Southern Dynasty, the ancestor of Shuanglin temple in Yiwu, and the founder of Weimo Zen in China. He is also known as the "three great masters of Liang Dynasty" together with Da Mo and Bao Zhi. More than 300 poems and verses have been written to explain the meaning of Buddhism and Zen, to persuade the world to see through the fame and wealth in the world, and to practice Buddhism with all one's heart, so that one can finally get great liberation. His handed down works include Xin Wang Ming, ode to King Kong by Fu Dashi of the Liang Dynasty (this may be a pseudowork entrusted by his name by later generations), four volumes of Quotations (i.e. collection of Fu Dashi or quotations of Shanhui Dashi), and Huanyuan poem, etc

Life of the characters

Songshan Jiean

During the Six Dynasties, the country was divided between the north and the south. At that time, people lived a nightmarish life of impermanence of life and death. As a result, the theory of immortality and karma of Buddhism became popular everywhere. Even the emperor believed in Buddhism. It is in this era that Mr. Fu came into being.

His father's name is Fu xuanci and his mother's surname is Wang. He married at the age of 16. His name was Liu miaoguang. He gave birth to two sons, Pujian and Pucheng.

When he was young, he used to go fishing. When he caught fish, he would submerge the bamboo cage to give them a chance to leave freely. He thought that all the fish could swim out, and those who could not swim were the cause and effect. So people laughed at him as a fool.

In the first year of Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty (520), Fu Dashi was 24 years old. One day, he was fishing at the edge of Jiting pond. A Toutuo, named Damo, came from Mount Song. People called him songtoutuo. He instructed Fu Xi, so that he had an insight into Buddhism. When asked about the place of cultivation, songtoutuo pointed to shuangshou tree at the foot of Songshan Mountain and said, "this is enough!" Since then, Mr. Fu has come here to practice in the nunnery, which is the future Shuanglin temple.

Songshan Mountain, also known as yunhuang mountain, is located in the east of today's Fotang town. It is 30 miles around, surrounded by Huaxi River. Together with his wife Liu miaoguang, Fu lived a life of farming and Zen. Sometimes they work for others. In this way, he worked during the day, studied at night and lived diligently. And to save all living beings as their own responsibility. Once, someone came to steal the melons and fruits he planted. Instead of blaming him, the grand master filled him with a basket and told him to take it home, showing great compassion.

After seven years of such ascetic cultivation, gradually many villagers came to worship him, which had a great impact on the society. Later, his miraculous deeds became more and more popular. Everyone thought that he was the incarnation of Maitreya and the Bodhisattva of ten places.

Tiankai altar · Sanwang mountain is the holy land of Fuxi, Nuwa and Shennong. It belongs to one of the "three heavenly capitals" in ancient Huizhou. When he traveled here, he saw a thousand cliffs, steep and strange stones, 36 stone gates, iron fences, Puxian Bodhisattva in Jinzifeng in the East, Manjusri Bodhisattva in Qingliangfeng in the west, Guanyin Bodhisattva in Longtang peak in the north, and dizang Bodhisattva in dataiping in the south, Taoism and Confucianism have been rooted here. He saw that the whole mountain was like a natural white pagoda with a bowl covered with light of the Buddha. Therefore, he renamed it fuchuanshan and established the Oriental Golden Millet Tathagata · Guangming kingdom with Ziwei palace and jiechuanjian as the center. Through his unremitting efforts, it gradually became the center of Western Zhejiang culture and the Taoist center of Chinese Vimalakirti Bodhisattva.

See Liang Wu three times

After ten years of cultivation and promotion, he formed the basic theory of Chinese Mahayana Buddhism and gathered a group of believers who could sacrifice their lives. However, Shuanglin temple is located in a remote place. Although "disciples are quiet and scholars are deep", it is not widely used because of its practice. It is necessary to move the emperor and the noble officials in the capital to popularize his teaching method and achieve the effect of "being compassionate and impartial to the party".

At that time, Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty preached Buddhism, and eminent monks gathered in the capital. However, the government and the public did not understand him very much. They thought that he was a "man in white". Some looked down upon him, while others were jealous of him. However, his disciples, such as Huiji and Fu Pumin, were all devout religious believers. They vowed: "if the great master's way and law are not popular, each one will follow the path of asceticism." On the 28th of the first month of the sixth year of zhongdatong (534) of Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty, Fu Da Shi thought that the time was ripe to go to Beijing to promote Buddhism, so he wrote a memorial and sent his disciple Fu Wang to the capital to write to Emperor Gaozu of Liang Dynasty. The original is:

Under the Shuanglin tree, we should liberate the great sage of goodness and wisdom, the Bodhisattva of the white Lord. Now we are good at the top, middle and bottom, and hope to accept it. Among them, goodness is based on governing the body, governing the country, and repaying the happiness of heaven and the world. Among them, goodness is based on protecting all living beings, winning and killing. I order the people to report to Liuzhai.

On December 19 of the same year (534), he first arrived at Jiangshan in Kyoto. The first contact between him and Emperor Liang Wu was very opportunistic. Liang Wudi also entertained him to eat, told him to live in Tongtai temple, moved back to Dinglin temple in Zhongshan, and provided accommodation and other expenses. From then on, "the famous monk of Jingluo and his apprentice Yunju asked Huizi Zen about his letter and his letter." The great master himself "lived in GAOSONG of Ming Dynasty, lying on Panshi, among the four thoroughfares, there was a constant flow of sweet dew; it was often rainy in sixty." We all think that he is the lower realm of immortals.

In the first month of the first year of Datong (535), Emperor Wu held a Dharma meeting in chongyun Hall of Xinghua forest garden, and talked about Sanhui Prajna Sutra. At that time, the princes and Marquises had a feast, and the princes and ministers had a banquet. The emperor specially set up a couch for Fu Da Shi, who was very skillful, so special ceremony was added. After a while, the emperor came, and all the princes and ministers went to meet the emperor. Only Mr. Fu sat still.

The fact that he did not obey the emperor and did not make friends with the princes did not arouse the dissatisfaction of emperor Liang Wu, but he was more respected. This time, the banquet was scattered, and the Emperor gave a bead of water and fire, with a diameter of more than an inch, round and clear. The emperor realized that it was difficult to get water and fire in the mountains, so he gave it to the sun and the moon.

After this meeting, Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty held a separate banquet in Shouguang hall for a whole day.

Once, Emperor Wu of Liang asked a senior scholar to talk about the Vajra Sutra before he was promoted to the throne. The senior scholar stroked the ruler and waved the case. As soon as he knocked, he got off the throne. The emperor stunned him. Next to him, Zhigong asked his majesty, "will it?" "No," the emperor said Zhigong announced: "the sermon has been finished." Please tell me again. Mr. Soxhlet clapped his hand and rose to his seat. He went to sing 49 songs. Su Dongpo wrote Fu Dashi's praise: "Shanhui holds the board, Nanquan makes the dance, borrows our gate mallet, plays the drum for the king." That's what I'm talking about.

Zhi Gong and Fu Dashi were contemporaries, but Zhi Gong was older than Fu Dashi, and his reputation was higher than Fu Dashi. The period when master Dharma came to China was also between Zhigong and Fu Dashi. Mr. Nan Huaijin said: "only Zhigong, Fu Dashi and other Chinese Zen, which can be called Chinese Mahayana, can have the form of penetrating Buddhism, filtering out the name and appearance of Buddhism. They are natural and witty, and can become witty words at will, opening up the interest of Chinese Zen after the Tang and Song Dynasties -" Jifeng "and" Zhuanyu ". In particular, Fu's strategy has a greater impact. "

Fu's reputation has been respected by Buddhist monks. For example, master Huihe has studied the secrets of Buddhas and talked about invincibility. At that time, he went back to the hidden master of Toutuo temple, and the hidden Lord wanted to move. The master was plotting the future affairs and asked, "who can stop it?" Yin Gong replied, "master Fu of Dongyang has natural wisdom and deep understanding of Mahayana. He can be a teacher." So the master saluted his disciples. It shows the great influence of Fu Dashi.

In April of the same year (535), he returned to yunhuangshan. In the fifth year of Datong (539), Fu came to Beijing for the second time. This time, Mr. Fu lived in the capital for a year. In the sixth year of Datong (540), the great scholar left the emperor and returned to the East.

A few months later, Fu returned to Kyoto with his merits. This is Mr. Fu's last trip to Beijing. He went to the capital three times, made friends with Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty, and practiced Buddhism in Beijing. He became the leader of Buddhism at that time, a Buddha among thousands of Buddhas, and the founder of VIMA Zen.

Jianshuanglin Temple

Since the first year of the common year (520), Fu Da Shi began to build an nunnery under shuangshou tree, two jingshe have gradually formed under yunhuang mountain, but no temple has been formally established. It was not until he saw the emperor for the last time, that is, in 540, that he proposed to build a Shuanglin temple. With the consent and support of Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty, he issued an edict to set up a temple beside Shuangtao tree. There are many sayings about the establishment of Shuanglin temple. Xu Ling recorded that "when returning home, the party transformed the villagers", and the common people "poured out their treasure and practiced Jingfu together", which created Jialan under the mountains. Therefore, Gao Ke was named Shuanglin temple. In the second half of this year, Shuanglin temple was built. After the temple was opened, a nine story brick tower was built. And wrote more than 1000 volumes.

Fu Dashi founded Shuanglin temple in the late years of Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty. Emperor Wu was old and dazzled. He was lazy in politics. He was confused in politics and punishment. He was addicted to Buddhism but did not wake up. He did not dare to face the reality and govern the country. He always gave in to those nephews who were ready to fight for the throne and the immoral princes and nobles. He only took Buddhism as his sustenance to eliminate his troubles. Fu wanted to use Buddhism to enlighten him and tell him that "only breathing without extinction" is the truth. But Emperor Wu thought it was vulgar. Fu Da Shi also advised: "the world is not the road restless, not the reason is not happy." In other words, "Tao" and "Li" are immortal and indispensable. But emperor Liang Wu didn't understand and wake up. So he said, "if you stop and die,

Chinese PinYin : Fu Da Shi