Fan Zengxiang

Fan Zengxiang

Fan Zengxiang (1846-1931) was an official and writer in Qing Dynasty. His original name is fan Jia, also known as fan Zeng. His name is Jiafu and his other name is Fanshan. He is called Yunmen and the old man of tianqin. He is from Zitong lane, Xizheng street, liujiaoting, Enshi City, Hubei Province. Guangxu Jinshi has successively served as county magistrate of Weinan, governor of Shaanxi and acting governor of Liangjiang. The revolution of 1911 broke out and he stayed away from Shanghai. When Yuan Shikai was in power, the official Senate participated in politics. Zhang Zhidong and Li Ciming were important poets of Tongguang school. Their poems were vulgar, known as "fan Meiren", and they were good at parallel prose. They left more than 30000 poems after their death, and wrote parallel prose with more than one million words. They are rare high-yield poets in the history of modern Chinese literature. He is the author of the complete works of Fan Shan.

Life of the characters

Giving lectures in early years

His father, fan Xie, was the chief soldier of Yongzhou Town, Hunan Province. Fan Zengxiang was enlightened by his mother when he was four years old. At the age of eleven or twelve, he was able to communicate with music and poetry. When he was 13 years old, his father dismissed from office, and his family was poor. He ordered his daughter to dress up, forbid wild travel, and lock up the family. Xianfeng eleven years (1861) with his father moved to Yichang (his father was Yichang Fu camp guerrilla).

In 1867, fan Zengxiang won the provincial examination. In 1870, Zhang Zhidong, who was a student in charge of education in Hubei Province, went to Yichang to study. He saw fan Zengxiang's poems and essays and appreciated them very much. He recommended him to be the president of Qianjiang Chuanjing academy and presided over the lecture. Mrs. Xu, fan Zengxiang's mother, did not want to go abroad because her eldest son Chen Chu died young. But if he doesn't go out to work, he can't support his family, so fan Zengxiang counts his return every year. His life style in Qianjiang is an epitome of his poor life in his early years: the daily food cost is no more than 30 yuan, and he is not fond of meat. There was a poem that said: "meat is pitiful, bones are good, and he studies qingzhai in closed door for ten days." Sometimes I go to the market to buy soup and cakes and put them in one vessel. Even firewood expenses are saved. The rest of the salary was given to the mother to support her family. Mrs. Xu knew that her son was fond of books. She gave him some money to buy books every time. Fan Zengxiang has lived in Qianjiang for three years as a teacher. He has many scenic spots and historic sites in Qianjiang. He has visited Qianjiang after school and is familiar with the folk customs, food, culture, flood and so on. There are many records about Qianjiang folk customs at that time in 16 Qianjiang poems. In the autumn and August of the tenth year of tongzhi (1871), Guo Meiyan (named Menglian) who was once an edict of Anlu County died of illness. Fan Zengxiang wrote elegy for him, praising his learning and conduct. Fan Zengxiang, who is addicted to books, often goes to Wanjia (Uncle Caoyu, Gaozu Wanfu) to borrow books. There is a private reading place in the west of the city. It is Cong Guishan house of Wu Shuxun in the 19th year of Daoguang (1839). Fan Zengxiang came here with admiration and wrote down his sightseeing poems.

Staff career

In the autumn of 1878, fan Zengxiang joined the Jingzhou shogunate. In the winter, he went to the ZhangZhidong shogunate in Wuchang to serve as an aide. Zhang Zhidong became fan Zengxiang's official mentor and backstage. Zhang Zhidong advised fan Zengxiang not to specialize in the study of Ci, but to learn more about the world He guided fan Zengxiang to have a foothold in society and embark on his official career. In 1875, when fan Zengxiang was 30 years old, he selected more than 500 poems he had written since 1870 for the first time and compiled them into the first collection of Cloud Gate in two volumes. Zhang Zhidong praised him for his amazing talent of "thinking carefully, learning extensively and skillfully" in his poetry creation. He often expressed the content of "what everyone wants to say but what everyone can't say" in his poetry. In making friends, fan Zengxiang has formed deep friendship with writers such as Li Ciming, Tao Zizhen, yuan shuangqiu, and so on. He is the author of seven books, including the collection of Beiyou, the collection of Jintai and the collection of Shuixi.

Official promotion

In 1877, at the age of 32, fan Zengxiang entered Beijing for the examination and finally won the Jinshi examination. The fan family met and entertained guests in Enshi and Yichang for three days and burned the "dishonor card" in public. In 1884, fan Zengxiang went to Yichuan, Shaanxi Province as a county magistrate and embarked on an official career. After seven months in office, he moved to the provincial government, and later to Xianning (today's Xi'an), Fuping, Chang'an as county magistrate. In 1892, fan Zengxiang was appointed magistrate of Xianning. From February 1893 to July 1898, he went to Weinan as magistrate. During his reign, although he was "a laborious official, a shogunate, and a leading official", he still organized his poems into more than 20 volumes in his spare time, and published his works for the first time in 1894.

It is said that during his reign in Weinan, fan Zengxiang paid great attention to strict law, homesickness and forgiveness. Because he lived in poverty for a long time, he developed a kind of resolute character and was able to make his own decisions. He has been a statesman for more than 30 years. He is good at the world. In addition, he often goes to and from Zhang Zhidong's house. He is very proficient in the civil service's political career. When he was in power, he was praised by all sides for his decisive style and outstanding ability. In 1896, fan Zengxiang was a magistrate of Weinan county. Due to the invasion of the Russian army, he saw the clouds left by the war, which filled him with desolation. From the autumn of 1896 to the summer of 1897, he wrote more than 100 poems about current affairs, which was later compiled as the collection of cloud Pavilion behind him. During the 14 years from 1884 to 1898, fan Zengxiang worked for 10 years. During that period, he met many cultural celebrities and was diligent in poetry writing. His poems were recorded in volumes every day. After revision, he published more than 20 volumes of poetry anthology and 12 volumes of criticism. His teachers and friends praised the criticism: "although there are many political books in ancient and modern times, those who can integrate emotion into reason, elegance and vulgarity are probably unique to fan's judgment."

A few of fan Zengxiang's poems in this period reflect his ambition to serve the country. He wrote in his poem "re mention of the temple wall of the king of Yue": three words of grievance and grievance have not been redressed, and the incident in the storm Pavilion is tragic and poignant. A tiger tied in the ashes is added to the case, and there is an old friend riding a donkey on the lake. During this period, fan Zengxiang was famous for his poems, and his poetry reached its peak. There are 15 volumes and more than 60 volumes of anthology of Fan Shan, which are divided into five parts: Anthology of Fan Shan, sequel of Fan Shan's autobiography, criticism of Fan Shan, official documents of Fan Shan and Shi Wen of Fan Shan. He "can work for pleasure, not for words of sorrow, but for works of beauty". His works are deeply influenced by Tang poetry and Song poetry, and he likes to use allusions and pay attention to antithesis; his parallel classical Chinese is gorgeous, easy to arrange and has great literary talent.

Among his works, the long narrative poems caiyunqu and houcaiyunqu are well-known. The former was written in 1899 and the latter in 1913. The stone carvings of caiyunqu still exist in Taoranting compassionate nunnery.

In the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, fan Zengxiang, together with Zhou Shumo and Zuo shaozuo, was known as the "three old men in the middle of Chu". Together with Yi Shunding, fan Zengxiang was known as the "two heroes" in the poetry circles of the two lakes, and also had a high reputation in the whole country. He has close contacts with Li Ciming, Tao Zizhen and Yuan shuangqiu, known as "Li Fan", "Tao fan" and "Yuan fan".

In the 26th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu (1900), the Allied forces of the eight powers landed at Dagukou and invaded Tianjin and Beijing. Fan Zengxiang was called to Beijing to serve as a Taoist official in the armed forces. It's a secret play for Cixi, who asks him to move away from Chang'an and rush back to Chang'an to plan "yingluan". In November of the same year, he was promoted to be a military officer in Northern Anhui Province. He kept "Xingzai" in charge of affairs and served as an official in the administrative department. Cixi once told the Emperor: "from now on, we can make fan Zengxiang write confidential words. We should keep them secret and avoid them." After fan took office, he set up an administrative office in the imperial court to deal with military affairs. In June of the next year, Cixi was promoted to be the director general of Shaanxi Province. Before returning to Beijing in August, Cixi dispatched an envoy of Shaanxi Province. In 1904, he was transferred to Jiangning. In 1910, he acted as governor of Liangjiang. His poem no moon on the night of the Mid Autumn Festival: "the ancient light penetrates the nine continents, but now the smoke locks the floating building; don't worry about blocking the shadow of the mountains and rivers, and even more worry about the shadow of the mountains and rivers." In the light of the cloudy and moonless autumn, it expresses the feeling of the broken mountains and rivers. Fan Zengxiang also revised his poems from 1896 to 1903 into 17 volumes, which is the third time that he has published his poems. At the same time, there was a self narration of more than 3000 words and a poem expressing his will, which was printed on the front page of the Anthology: Fan Yingcai's own songs moved ghosts and gods, and fan Yingcai's faith was boundless; who said that zhuangdi was so loud? Don't let Dongchuan speak for others. Once in penglaiyi, the sun and the moon, the seven pass number sword Zhaolin. Now, the God of small test slaughtered, planting rice, public field to support parents. From 1909 to May 1911, fan Zengxiang actively supported the road protection movement.

The adherents die

After the revolution of 1911, fan Zengxiang retired to Shanghai, and the military government of Hubei welcomed him back to Hubei as the civil affairs chief. In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Yuan Shikai usurped the presidency and went to Beijing to serve as a senator and participate in politics. The day before Yuan ascended the throne, his ministers gave a banquet to Yingtai, and his foreman once presented poems. When Li Yuanhong succeeded the president, he asked for his own job. In his later years, he lived in Peiping, where he used to revise some lines of Peking Opera for Mei Lanfang. The lines and lyrics of Peking Opera, such as "drunken Concubine", "Farewell My Concubine" and "Luoshen" revised by fan Zengxiang, are quite elegant, which has played a certain role in assisting Mei Lanfang to form his own unique artistic style in Peking Opera. There are more than 200000 volumes of books, paintings, calligraphy and inscriptions, and more than 10 giant calligraphers in the library, which is called "Fanyuan". It is also called "chaoshe" with the group of poems by the sea old people. He died in 1931.

brief introduction

Fan Zengxiang (1846-1931) was named Jiafu, Yunmen, Fanshan, tianqin, and Fanjia in Wuwei. In his later years, he was an old man who signed tianqin himself. He was from Zitong lane, Xizheng street, liujiaoting, Enshi County, Hubei Province. He was born in the 26th year of Daoguang reign of Xuanzong in the Qing Dynasty and died in the 20th year of the Republic of China at the age of 86. He is intelligent, beautiful and works well. Tour the capital

Chinese PinYin : Fan Zeng Xiang