Liang Xian

Liang Xian

Liang zhe (Yin, Yan) (1710-1788), named Wenshan and Wenshan, was the master of Songzhai and duanyanzhai. He lived in Shiwuli Town, Bozhou City, and then lived in Xiahou Lane Street (now Xiahou primary school in the West). After his death, he was buried in duzhuang village, one and a half miles south of shiwuliji. (grandfather Liang Erlu, literati; father Liang jiemeng, candidate experience; brother Liang Feng, character Pingshan, name Liusong, character filial friend, good at writing and calligraphy; industrialist Chen shigu, character Shengxu, imperial examination person in the ninth year of Qianlong.

Life of the characters

Liang's eldest son, Junye, died early; his second son, Weiye, paid tribute in Xinyou in the sixth year of Jiaqing, and became the county magistrate of Yuqian County in Zhejiang Province. His students include Yao Lianfu, Xiao Jingyun, Wang Lu'an, Xu Chunlin, etc.) in the 27th year of Qianlong (1762) of the Qing Dynasty, he was granted Wenlin Lang Renwu Ke Ju, who was transferred from Xian'an palace to the county magistrate of Badong County in Hubei and the dean of Shouzhou (now Shouxian County in Anhui Province). His achievements in calligraphy were far greater than those in politics. He was as famous as five important calligraphers (Zhang Zhao, Wang Shu, Liu Yong, Wang Wenzhi, Liang Tongshu) in Qianlong period, and was one of the famous calligraphers in Qing Dynasty.

Historical records

According to the records of Bozhou, Liang Yao studied with brother Feng at Zhongshan Academy in Jinling when he was in his 50s. He went to Beijing to get a bachelor's degree, but he didn't get a place. So he lived in the capital to sell calligraphy. He met Wang Yongyu (the eleventh son of Emperor Qianlong), who was good at calligraphy, and praised him for his "good writing and good introduction". Yongyu went back to tell his father about Liang. Emperor Qianlong loved talent, so he gave him Wenlin Lang Ren Wu Ke Ju and Jinshi background. He taught in Xian'an palace, and soon let him be the magistrate of Badong County in Hubei Province. Badong is a small mountainous county with poor financial resources. Liang served as a magistrate for more than ten years. Although he added the second grade record four times, he failed to be promoted because he was like Chen shigu, the industrialist: "indifferent, not snobbish". Later, his mother was old and resigned to return to Bo. He had no intention of official career. He is famous for his character. Ning Wenli of Ruyin (today's Fuyang, Anhui Province) said: "when I was weak in crown, my elder brother told me:" I only see Hu Dongbiao in Changzhou, sun Yuran in Wanping and Liang Wenshan in Bozhou. I hope you will live for it all your life. ". Shortly after his resignation, Zhang Peifang of Pingding Prefecture, Shanxi Province, went to Shouzhou to be the governor of Shouzhou. He personally went to Bozhou to invite Liang to be the president of Shouzhou "Xunli academy". According to the inscription in the stele of balaimiao written by President Liang Ren: "he was granted Wenlin Lang Ren Wu Ke Ju Ren, magistrate of Badong County, Yichang Prefecture, Hubei Province, with four additional secondary records, Bozhou, Liangyao, Shudan, more than 40 years old of Qianlong, and built in bingxu on October 12, Yihai Shuo", he should go to the county magistrate in the 39th year of Qianlong (1774), and to Xunli academy around 40 years old of Qianlong. Liang is now 64 or five years old. He has no hope of promotion, no official career, and loves calligraphy all his life. It is very ideal for him to have a platform in his old age to engage in calligraphy teaching, concentrate on research, and cultivate new people.

works

As a descendant of the Liang family, in order to explore and study the historical figures in Bozhou and remember him, he went to Shouxian and other places with Liu taojun and Chen zhiwenjun in August 1999. Through investigation, it is found that Liang's handwriting, steles and works are abundant. There are 61 steles that can be traced: in Bozhou, there are 7 steles, including tangling stele, Xianping Temple stele, Academy stele, Jianggong relief stele, Duke Li Dezheng stele, Duke Liu epitaph stele, and beiyejing stele; in Shouzhou, there are 15 steles, including Xunli academy stele, balaimiao stele, xiannongtan stele, Zhenwu stele, Bailongtan Longwang Temple stele, liuhuanger Temple stele, kuixinglou stele, and anfengtang stele; in Fengyang, there are 15 steles There are 5 steles of Chenghuang, Yinjiawen (in the office of Huang sangongzhu of beiluqiao), Gulou, yilou and Yan Gongxue, 4 steles of yisizhou, shijiquan, shijiasi and yiguci in Sizhou, 3 steles of biaozhong, bajiyue and fangshijiexiao in Jiangning, 3 steles of Wang in Wuyuan, 4 steles of donating imperial examination fees in Tongcheng, Kangshan and shigebu in Yangzhou In Anqing, there are nine steles for governor's title, Xiyu stele and shuangjinlou stele; in Dangtu, there are two steles for Bian Ruren's tomb and rebuilding Dangtu County's school; in Shandong, there are two steles for Han Prime Minister Le'an Houji and Shiliquan's poem; in Suzhou, there are steles for Suzhou government's title; in Xuzhou, there are steles for Yanggong's Gaofeng; in Ningguo, there are steles for rebuilding Beilou; in Shexian, there are steles for Bao Jun's family biography, In Wujin County, there are steles for the biography of rich men and women, in Fuyang there are steles for the epitaph of emperor Xun in Dantu County, in Datong County, Shanxi Province, there are steles for the biography of imperial meritorious officials, and in Fengtai County, there are two pairs of shed columns in the main Hall of Baoen temple. There are about 20 to 30 pieces of Liang's handwriting in Shouxian Museum. Among them, what we can see is that Liang wrote 12 six foot banners in October 1787, when he wrote Dong Wenmin's treatises in Shouzhou government office, one of which (both calligraphy and calligraphy are old) and one of which is "linma coupons". Anhui Provincial Museum has its own handwriting, but not too many; at most Shouxian, Bozhou, Shanxi Pingding, Hubei Badong and other folk collections, sometimes appear, because the price is not cheap, there is no lack of fakes; because it has been more than 200 years, in view of the war, mildew, damage, poor storage and so on, the authenticity is only 100. It is speculated that Liang had a lot of works on calligraphy theory. Because of his low official position and being an official in the barren mountainous county of Badong, he later became a dean, but he only made a living on a low salary. His works were hard to print, so he had to rely on manuscripts. The book chengjinzhaijiwenlu, which is now handed down from generation to generation, was not published until more than 130 years after his death. Some manuscripts, such as pingshutie, are still collected and handed down among the people. Cheng Jin Zhai Ji Wen Lu is a must read good book for calligraphy lovers, researchers and scholars. It still has important historical and practical significance today. The book includes: writing theory, learning calligraphy theory, calligraphy theory, celebrity calligraphy review, celebrity calligraphy review, own calligraphy review, book theory, paper theory, ink theory, pen theory, inkstone theory, study essays and so on. It is undoubtedly precious for a calligraphy lover and researcher. All his life, Liang made a deep study of calligraphy and made a great contribution to the development of calligraphy. His works, expositions, works and inscriptions in calligraphy need to be further explored and studied.

Educational contribution

Another great contribution of Liang is to discover, cultivate and bring up Deng Shiru, a great calligrapher in Qing Dynasty. Deng Shiru (1743-1805) was born in Huaining (anqing), Anhui Province. His family was poor, and he only went to school with his father for one year, but he loved calligraphy very much since he was a child. At the age of 19, he began to make a living by "copying seals, writing seal and official script, and selling them to the market". When he was young, he admired Liang's calligraphy and personality very much. After hearing that Liang became president, he set up a stall in front of the Xunli academy to carve seals for the students in order to get Liang's appreciation. After a long time, Liang found him, praised Deng's talent, and sighed with regret about his shortcomings, saying: "this son is not familiar with the archaic ear; his writing style is ferocious, and I can't do anything else; if he can make full use of his talent, he will be able to make great achievements for hundreds of years." "I can't do that. I'm sorry that I can't see it widely. If I can see the inscriptions of Han and Tang Dynasties, why can't I go in and out of Bingsi?" Adjustable. Then he talked with Deng Jingri, instructed mizin and encouraged him to further his studies. He sent his clothes and expenses and wrote a letter to Mei Yu, a friend of Jinling (Nanjing), asking Deng to go to Mei's home to study and further his studies. Liang Zhen really acted as bole. The Mei family has a large collection of books and a large number of inscriptions. Deng Shiru studied in the Mei family. During his seven years, he read more than ten thousand volumes, and carefully studied and practiced the characters from Qin Zhuan to Han Li In the end, he became a great calligrapher and master of a generation. Although Deng Shiru didn't spend a long time in Xunli academy, his famous teachers' instruction, warm help and strong support made him unforgettable. It can be said that there is no Bole like Liang Yao, nor "Qianlima" like Deng Shiru.

Chinese PinYin : Liang Xian