Liu Mian

Liu Mian

Liu Mian (about 73-84 A.D.) was born in Hedong, Puzhou (now Yongji, Shanxi). The year of birth and death is unknown. He lived from the 18th year of Kaiyuan reign of Emperor Xuanzong to the 20th year of Zhenyuan reign of emperor Dezong.

brief introduction

He is erudite and rich in words. He was a historian, and his father and son lived in Jixian Academy. At the beginning of Dezong, he was called doctor Taichang. Dezong was close to the suburb temple, and he was careful in sacrificing and performing ceremonies. Coronation ceremony to the end of the detailed, Emperor Jiayi. For a long time, he was the governor of Wuzhou. Zhengyuan Zhong, official censor Zhongcheng, Fujian observation envoy. He has long been spared and scolded. He is also irritable. He can't be without hatred. He shows that he is begging for help. He also states the meaning of pilgrimage. Dai Huan, Zu. It advocates that the text should carry Tao and attach importance to Tao. He is one of the pioneers of Han Liu Ancient Prose Movement. He is good at reasoning but short of literary grace. There are several volumes of collected works, which have been lost. (notes on the new Tang Dynasty's history of Arts and culture: the volume died). There are ten articles in quantangwen. His father Liu Fang, a historian in suzong, wrote 130 volumes of national history. Liu Mian inherited his family studies and was good at both literature and history. Li Guan youbuque and Shi Guan Xiuzhuan demoted Bazhou Si Hu to join the army. He was also a doctor of Taichang and a doctor of the Ministry of officials. He was a governor of Wuzhou because of his straightforward words. In the 13th year of Zhenyuan (797), Emperor Dezong paid homage to Zhongcheng, the censor of Fuzhou, and served as the observation envoy of Fujian tuanlian. Due to the lack of a certificate in administration, Yan Jimei was ordered to act on his behalf. He died after returning home. To the Minister of the Ministry of industry.

Literary attainments

Liu Mian and Liu Zongyuan are of the same generation. They are the pioneers of Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in advocating the ancient prose movement. He emphasized that "the article is based on Enlightenment" (with Xu geishi's treatise), advocated equal emphasis on literature and Taoism, respected classics and Confucianism, and believed that "respect for classics and Taoism leads to the beauty of enlightenment, the beauty of enlightenment leads to the prosperity of the article, and the prosperity of the article leads to Wang Daoxing" (Xie Du Xianggong's comment on Fang Du Erxiang Gongshu). He also held extreme views on Qu Yuan's Fu, denouncing it as "the voice of national subjugation", "Wei and Jinjiang Zuo, following the wave but not opposing." (same as before). He also emphasized "Qi", that is, the social atmosphere, the author's ambition and the vitality of his works (reply to Yang Zhongcheng's paper and reply to Quzhou's Zheng Shijun's paper), which was the forerunner of Han Yu's discussion of Qi. He also advocated that "Chen's poetry should be based on people's atmosphere" (reply to Yang Zhongcheng's paper and reply to Quzhou's Zheng Shijun's paper), and "literature comes from emotion, Love is born of sorrow and happiness, and sorrow and happiness are born of governing the chaos, which explains the relationship between literature and social reality. It is similar to Bai Juyi's poetics. "Liu Mian Ji" is recorded in the new history of Tang Dynasty. The number of volumes is unknown. There are 14 articles in quantangwen. His deeds are reflected in the biographies of the new and old books of the Tang Dynasty.

Main achievements

Liu Mian's 15 handed down articles, the biography of the old and new Tang books, and Liu Mian's literary theory were mostly influenced by Xiao and Li because of his father Liu Fang. In addition, the cultural background of Liu Mian's literary theory, the intention of reconstructing Confucian etiquette, and finally Liu Mian's great role in the development of epistolary style.

Chinese PinYin : Liu Mian