Kirkpatrick

Surname Ke

The surname Ke comes from the surname Ji and began in the spring and Autumn period. As far back as the time of the Yellow Emperor, the king of Wu state, the fifth generation grandson of Zhongyong, a descendant of the Yellow Emperor, was named Xiang. He was named Ke Xiang because he allied with the princes in Keshan. Wu guokelu was the great grandson of Ke Xiang. Later generations took the word "Ke" as their surname.

The surname Ke ranks 164 in the song edition of hundred surnames. The population is mainly distributed in southwest, northwest and northeast of China. In April 2013, according to the comprehensive analysis of the "surname database of 1.33 billion people in China (2008-2010)" by the research center of Chinese Fuxi Culture Research Association, the total population of surname Ke was 1.06 million, ranking 145 in China.

In ancient times, there were Ke Shu, a scattered doctor in the Northern Song Dynasty, Ke Songying, a prefect of Meizhou in the Southern Song Dynasty, Ke Jiusi, a painter in the Yuan Dynasty, and Ke Qin, a medical expert in the Qing Dynasty. In modern times, there were Ke Shaozhen, Ke Zhongping, and Ke Qingshi.

Historical development

Origin and development of surnames

① The surname Ke originates from the surname Ji. It comes from Ke Lu (Lu), the son of the state of Wu in the spring and Autumn period, and takes the ancestor's name as the surname. Zhong Yong (Yu Zhong), the ancestor of the Ke family, was the second monarch of the state of Wu. He was the uncle of King Wu of Zhou. He belonged to the same clan as the Zhou, Wu and Cai families, all of which came from the Ji surname of Zhou. King Cheng of Zhou met the princes in Keshan, and Ke Xiang was a senior official of Zhou Dynasty. He also met with him. At that time, he referred to Shan as his surname. The state of Wu was handed down to Kelu, the fourth grandson of Kexiang, who was granted Wu Bo as the ninth king of Wu and reigned for 59 years. In order to commemorate the grand ceremony of his great grandfather Ke Xiang meeting with the vassal Ke Shan, he confirmed that the descendants of his family officially took the ancestor's name as their surname, called Ke Shi, and respected Ke Xiang as the ancestor of de surname, which was called the authentic Ke Shi in history. ② it comes from the surname Jiang and comes from the descendants of Jiang Ziya, the first ruler of the state of Qi. It takes the name of Juyi as its surname. In the sixth year of King Zhouzhuang (691 BC), the state of Lu attacked the state of Wei and captured the Keyi of the state of Wei. In the 12th year of King Zhouzhuang (685 BC), Jiang Zhuer, the Duke of Qi Xiang, launched a "battle of Qianshi" with the state of Lu for the sake of justice, and recaptured Ke Yi. In the second year, the famous battle of long spoon broke out between Qi and Lu. As a result, the Qi army was defeated by Cao GUI, the official of Lu state. In the eighth year of King Zhouzhuang (the ninth year of qixianggong, 689 BC), civil strife occurred in the state of Wei. Jishuo, weihuigong, the son of xuanjiang, the elder sister of qixianggong, was driven out of the country by the left and right princes of the state of Wei, so he asked for help from qixianggong. Qi Xianggong joined forces with song, Lu, Chen and CAI to fight against Wei. He killed the left and right sons of Wei, and Wei Huigong was restored. Taking this opportunity, the Duke of Qi Xianggong occupied Keyi of the state of Wei and became a city of Qi. Later, the Duke of Qi Xiang granted Ke Yi to one of his sons. Later, he took the name of Ke Yi as his surname, which was passed down from generation to generation. ③ originated from the place name, it comes from the state of Keyi in the spring and Autumn period, and takes the name of Juyi as the surname. Ke, a place name of the state of Qi in the spring and Autumn period, was originally a city of Wei state in the southwest of Dong'e County, Shandong Province. There was also a big lake called Ke Ze, which was later annexed by the state of Qi. ④ originated from the Xianbei nationality, from the Tuoba tribe of Xianbei in the northern and Southern Dynasties, it belongs to the surname changed from Han nationality to surname. According to the historical records of the dialectics of ancient and modern surnames and the official records of the later Wei Dynasty, in the northern and Southern Dynasties, there were Keba, Kezhi, Kezhi and other tribes in the Tuoba tribe of Xianbei nationality. In the process of the Sinicization reform of Tuoba Hong (Yuanhong), Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, who moved his capital to Luoyang in the 17th-20th year of Taihe (493-496), the Han surname was changed to Ke, and then gradually integrated into the Han nationality Biography. ⑤ it comes from the place name and comes from the Keling of Zheng State in the spring and Autumn period. It takes the name of the residence as its surname. Keling is a place name in the western part of Zheng State in the spring and Autumn period. In the 11th year of Jiyi (7th year of shouman, Duke li of Jin, 17th year of Xiongshen, Communist king of Chu, 574 BC), Duke li of Jin, in order to compete with the Communist king of Chu for supremacy, invited Qi, Lu, song, Wei, Cao and other vassal states to form a League of Ke Ling in Zheng State, planning to jointly attack Chu state, known as the "meeting of Ke Ling". After the "meeting of Keling", the officials of Keling under the jurisdiction of Zheng State took this historical event as their surname and called it the Keling family. The descendants' provincial culture was simplified to a single surname, which has been handed down from generation to generation. 6 originated from occupation. It comes from Ke Gong, a professional craftsman in the spring and Autumn period. It takes occupation as surname. Ke Gong is a lumberjack. In the spring and Autumn period, Warring States period and even Han Dynasty, it was called Ke Gong, or Ke for short. Ke, it's actually an axe handle. Among the descendants of Ke Gong, there are those whose surnames are occupational appellations, known as Ke's, which are handed down from generation to generation. ⑦ originated from the Qiang nationality. It comes from the descendants of the Qiang tribal leader in the Han Dynasty. It belongs to the Han surname of the official title. It is recorded in the historical book "a textual research on surnames" that in ancient northern Qiang people, the surname of Ke comes from the title of "Ke Zui" of the Qiang people in youbeiping county and Shanggu county during the Han Dynasty. It belongs to the surname of "Ke Zui" with the official title in Chinese. In the later Xianbei tribes, there are also people who call the tribal leader "Ke Zui", which is different from other titles such as Micah, que Ji, Suli, huaitou, que Ju and mu Rong et al. Had the same status, and all the descendants of the later generations have been called Ke's until now. Ⅷ originated from the Mongolian nationality, belongs to the Chinese surname. According to the historical records of the general annals of the Qing Dynasty, clan strategy, and the family name of the eight banners of Mongolia, the kalete family, also known as the kelete family, lived in xilamuleng (today's Lamulun River Basin of Keshiketeng Banner in the east of Inner Mongolia and the western part of Jilin Province) and other places. Later, the surname was cited by Manchu, and the Manchu name was kerut Hala. After the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the kalete family of the Mongols and Manchus were more than one, and the Han surnames were Ke and Bao. Ⅸ originated from the Manchu nationality and belongs to the Han nationality. According to the historical records of general records of the Qing Dynasty, clan strategy, eight banners surname of Manchu, social organization of Manchu, records of people in Heilongjiang, etc., the Manchu gezhele family, also known as gezheshi, is called gejele Hala in Manchu, which means "planping (wood)" in Chinese. It has a small population and lives in the North Bank of Heilong River. ● the Manchu keqili family, also known as the keqili and guoqili families, is < I > kecirihala < / I > in Manchu language. The Han surname of the Manchu people is keqili (now from the north of Changbai Mountain and Tumen River in the south, from the south of wuzhala in the lower reaches of Heilongjiang Province in the north, to the south of Russian coastal area in the East), akuli (now akuli River Basin in Russia, a tributary of the upper reaches of Wusuli River).

Migration distribution

There are two main origins of the Ke surname, one from Henan and the other from Zhejiang. during the Qin, Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties, the surname Ke flourished in Jiyang County (today's Shandong Dongming and Henan Lankao), Qi county (today's Shandong Zibo), Henan county (today's Henan Luoyang) and Qiantang county (today's Zhejiang Hangzhou), and became a famous family in the area. Taking these four places as the main source, they gradually scattered in Henan, Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jiangxi The ground. In the first year of Tianfu in the later Jin Dynasty (942), Kebao separated from shuigouxiang and lived in Puyang. He stayed in Guanxi and passed down to the fifth generation. He was a famous family in Quanzhou. After the change of Jingkang in Ming Dynasty, the family of Ke family declined and had to be dispersed. According to the genealogical records of Jiyang in Fujian, in the Southern Song Dynasty, three brothers led into Fujian from Gushi County, Jiyang Prefecture, Henan Province. They first lived in Zhangqin Township, xiafengfeng County, Fuzhou City, and then separated by surname and created a new family. The eldest brother took the surname of Xin, the third brother took the surname of CAI, and lived separately in Huian and Quanzhou; the second son took the surname of Ke, which branched out of the east gate of Quanzhou, and then divided into Yongchun Shishan. The Ke family, which originated from the state of Wu 3000 years ago, initially lived in the area of Jiangsu and Zhejiang where the country was located. Then, with the development of history, it gradually developed in all directions. Especially under the favorable geographical conditions, it moved southward most, so it became a famous family in the south, especially in Fujian Province. Another branch of the surname Ke, whose ancestors lived in Guixi county (now Jiangxi Province) of Guangxin Prefecture, was once the prefect of Chaozhou. In the Northern Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty, it was hidden in Liangcun, 25th capital of Longxi County, Zhangzhou Prefecture. The branch spread throughout southern Fujian. It can be seen that the turbulent times of song and Yuan Dynasties is the important reason why the surname Ke spread all over Jiangxi, Guangxi, Guangdong, Sichuan, Hunan, Hubei and many other southern provinces. After the Ming Dynasty, the surname Ke moved to Taiwan. In the middle of the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, Ke Zengguang, the 36th ancestor of the Ke family, moved from Jiangxi to the commercial city of Henan, and his descendants scattered at the junction of Henan and Anhui. Nowadays, the surname Ke is mainly distributed in southwest, northwest and Northeast China.

Lineage inheritance

The first ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty: the Yellow Emperor. Gongsun Xuanyuan was born in Jishui and changed his surname to Ji. He died in Jingshan (Jiangnan) and was buried in Qiaoshan and changed his name to Longmen (Huangling, Shaanxi). The first ancestor: Houji. The fifth grandson of the Yellow Emperor, whose original surname was Ji, was abandoned. Yao, Shun, and Yu were all granted agricultural teachers to pass on their generations, and the officials were later Ji. They mainly taught the people to domesticate and cultivate, and went from nomadism to farming. Shi praised him for "laying the foundation for a 5000 year old agricultural country.". The great ancestor: Gu Gongfu. He advocated benevolence and righteousness, and built Houji's career. In order to avoid the disaster of killing his people, he moved his private family to Qixia (Tianzhu, Shaanxi Province), where the whole country's old and young people came back, and most of the people who heard about it in other countries also came back. Therefore, the 40 surnames were handed down from the ancient Gong school. Ji Chang, King Wen of Zhou Dynasty, is the young grandson of Gu Gong. He has Xuanwei temperament and royal demeanor. He is the son of Ji Li, but Ji Li ranks the younger brother. It is not traditional for Ji Li to give him the throne. Ji Li's two elder brothers, Chang Ci, had three beautiful talks about abdicating the throne. Confucius praised that this was the most virtuous trip. the ancestor handed down: Zhong Yong (i.e. Yu Zhong). The eldest son of Gugong, Taibo, and the second son, Zhongyong, fled to the mountains in the name of collecting herbs in order to complete their younger brother's succession to the throne of King Wen. They fled to Meili at the mouth of the Yangtze River again, ending the kingdom of Wu. Confucius said: "three to the world can be said to be the best virtue also carry on", brother died without children, Zhongyong continued to establish. He is the ancestor of the Koch. the ancestor of surname de: Ke Xiang. He is the sixth son of Zhongyong, king of Wu. King Wu of Zhou met the princes in Keshan, and the prime minister pointed to the mountain

Chinese PinYin : Ke Shi