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Zha Shenxing (from June 5, 1650 to October 14, 1727) was named Silian at the beginning, Xia Zhong at the beginning, Zha Tian at the beginning, and then Shenxing at the end of his life. He lived in chubai nunnery at the end of his life, so he was also called Zha chubai. He was born in Huaxi (now Yuanhua town), Haining, Hangzhou, and was a poet and writer in Qing Dynasty.

Zha Shenxing was young, intelligent and had a long reputation. In his early years, he was taught by Huang Zongxi, appreciated by Lu Jiashu and promoted by Zhu YIZUN. In the 32nd year of Kangxi (1693) and the 42nd year of Kangxi (1703), he went to the palace for examination. He was granted Jinshi's family background and the editor of the Imperial Academy. He served in the South study. Later, he joined the army in the southwest and drove with him in the northeast. In 1713, in the 52nd year of Kangxi, he begged for rest and returned to Li. He built a white nunnery in the early days of Kangxi. In 1726, he was arrested by his younger brother Zha siting and was released to Beijing the next year. He died within two months at the age of 78.

Zha Shenxing is one of the "six poets" in the early Qing Dynasty. After Zhu YIZUN, he was honored as the leader of southeast poetry. He had an important influence on the Song school in the early Qing Dynasty, and was the mainstay of the school. Zha Shenxing has made great achievements in poetry creation, poetry art research and poetics theory research. He has no less than ten thousand poems in his life and can be called a prolific poet. His poems are based on the Tang and Song Dynasties, especially on Su Shi and Lu you. The poetic style is fresh and meaningful. His main works include "Jingye Tang poetry anthology" and "Twelve comments on Zha Chu Bai poetry".

(< I > general picture source: the picture of Huaiyin embracing the knee by Zhang Yuanyu in 1682)

Life of the characters

Early experience

Zha Shenxing was born in Haining, Hangzhou, on May 7, 1650, a declining scholar family. Zha Shenxing was intelligent when he was young. He was able to write poems when he was five years old. When he was six years old, his poems were harmonious and neat. When he was ten years old, Zha Shenxing wrote on marquis Wu, which had hundreds of words in total, and was praised by fan Xiang, a senior of his hometown. The name of Zha Shenxing's child prodigy spread all over the township party. He studied in Huang Zongxi and studied the book of changes. At the age of 18, Zha Shenxing chanted "it's best to meet each other in the strange world." Lu Jiashu, a poet of the adherents, married his daughter. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, when the ruling position of the Qing Dynasty was not stable, his father did not allow Zha Shenxing to devote too much to the imperial examination. When the Qing regime was quite stable, Zha Shenxing went to Wushan in Wulin to learn from ye boyin, a famous scholar in Cixi, Wuxi. At the age of 20, Cha shenxingbu was a student. He traveled far and traveled all over Yunnan and Guizhou, central China, North China and Southeast China. He wrote a large number of poems and became famous.

Forced to make a living

In 1671, Zha Shenxing began to take part in the imperial examination. But the examination was not over, and her mother was seriously ill and died the following year. Six years later, my father also died. Facing the situation that both his parents died and he failed in the scientific examination within seven years, although Zha Shenxing was conceited of his literary name and had no less enterprising spirit for fame, his poor family situation and the situation that he could not take part in the scientific examination during the "Ding you" period forced Zha Shenxing to change his ways and find a new way to make a living. As the eldest son, Zha Shenxing shouldered the burden of his family and went out to make a living. At the same time, he did not give up his ambition to enter the imperial examination. at that time, many scholars chose to join the army in order to get the recommendation and gain fame and fortune. In the summer of the 18th year of Kangxi (1679), Zha Shenxing followed his brother Zha Rong to Jingzhou and went to his fellow Governor Yang Yongjian's shogunate in Guizhou. He also went to Yunnan and Guizhou with Yang Yongjian to fight against the remnants of Wu Sangui. This year, he destroyed all the poems, Fu and articles he had done before, including the words he had learned to fill in. In the autumn of 1680, Zha Shenxing heard that his second younger brother Zha siting was traveling to the north, so he packed his luggage and went back to his hometown from Guiyang. When he got home, he lived with his third younger brother Zha siting. During this period, he wrote three poems of farewell to Yang Yongjian, the great Cheng in Guiyang. He passed through yundingguan, Qingping County, Shuyang, Yuanzhou, Chenxi, Changsha, Dongting, Yuezhou and other places. Later, he compiled the poems he had created during this period into Trent collection. In the autumn of 1683, Zha Shenxing lived in Huang Zongxi's residence in Hangzhou and traveled with him. In the winter of the same year, Cha Shenxing went to Xijiang to join his uncle Cha Pei. On March 17 of the 23rd year of Kangxi (1684), Zha Shenxing met at Wang Yuzhao's wish school. People raised money for Zha Shenxing to practice. After Qingming, he left Nanchang to return home, and then said goodbye to his family. In April of Xia, with the support of Cha Pei, Cha Shenxing went north to the capital and the Imperial College.

Study in Beijing

After arriving in Beijing, Cha Shenxing learned from Wang Shizhen. He often participated in poetry gatherings and made friends with many famous scholars, such as Chuquan with Zhu Zhibi, Mohe nunnery with Tang you, small collections with Hui zhouti and Wu Wen, and elegant collections with Jiang Chenying, Hui zhouti, Wei Kun, Zhang Yunzhang, Tang youzeng, Zha Sihan and Zha Sheng. At the beginning of the 24th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi (1685), the list was released in Qiuwei, and cha Shenxing was defeated. He planned to leave Beijing. But when Yang Yongjian came to Beijing to take up the post of shaosima, he repeatedly urged Cha Shenxing to stay, and finally he chose to stay. After that, he often went to his cousin Zhu YIZUN's study to talk about poetry. In the autumn of this year, Zhu YIZUN moved to Guteng bookstore, where Zha Shenxing and others often gathered. On September 10, he joined Jiang Chenying, Zhu YIZUN, Zhu Zaizhen, Liang Peilan and Tang youzeng at a banquet in Changchun temple, which was quite fun. In 1686, Tang youzeng and Yang Yongjian bid farewell to each other. In the winter of the same year, recommended by others, Zha Shenxing was employed as the librarian of his son Kuiyu by the powerful minister Nalan Mingzhu. In the spring of 1687, when Mingzhu wanted to build a new house in Haidian, she invited Zha Shenxing to visit the site. Soon, on the birthday of the Pearl, Zha Shenxing had a poem to celebrate. At the end of the year, Zha Shenxing took part in the local examination again and finally failed.

A bumpy fate

At the beginning of the 27th year of Kangxi (1688), her father-in-law Lu Jiashu was seriously ill and Zha Shenxing returned to his hometown to help him. When they left Beijing, they ran into Qian Chengzhi at the gate of the city with his brother Zha Sichi. They chatted with each other for a long time in Changgan temple. Qian Chengzhi presented a collection of poems to each other. In the summer of this year, Zha Shenxing wrote the painting of releasing ducks in Lutang at home. Zhao Yu, Zheng Liang, Xu Rulin, Tang youzeng, Zhu YIZUN, Wu Wen, Zha Sixi, Tang SunHua, kuixu, Wei Kun, Qian Mingshi and Wang Shizhen wrote poems for him. In February of 1689, Zha Shenxing returned to Beijing after dealing with his father-in-law's funeral. In August, Zhao Zhixin and others in youchunfang watched the actor perform the palace of eternal life at Hong Sheng's home. Because Emperor Kangxi hated the play, and the banquet was held during the period of "national compassion" when empress xiaoyiren died of illness, Huang Liuhong took the opportunity to impeach him and Zhao Zhixin was dismissed. Zha Shenxing was also implicated, and was expelled from his native country on the charge of "showing sympathy to Zhang Le and being disrespectful". After this attack, Zha Shenxing pondered for a long time, so he changed his original name from Silian to Shenxing, in order to remind himself to be cautious in his words and deeds. On February 21, 1690, Cha Shenxing left Beijing. At that time, Xu Yuanwen, a senior official, returned to the South and invited him and Jiang Chenying to go with him. Along the way, Zha Shenxing and Jiang had a lot of harmony. In autumn, Cha Shenxing rushed to jushe publishing house in Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province, where he stayed for a long time. On September 11, when he was crossing Dongting, he ran into Zhang Yunzhang. After half a month, there were many singing poems. Zhang Yunzhang collected these singing poems and published them as "collection of advocating harmony in orange society". They wrote a preface to the anthology. At the end of the year, Jiang Chenying went to Beijing to take part in the local examination, and cha Shenxing invited her to the jushe publishing house. In 1691, Zha Shenxing lived in Hangzhou and enjoyed the reunion with his younger brother Zha Sizi. During this period, his youngest son and eldest grandson were born one after another. This year, there are many words of harmony with brothers at home. In the spring of 1692, Zhu Yan was appointed magistrate of Jiujiang by Lang Guan of the Ministry of punishment. He wrote a letter inviting Cha Shenxing to come to the scene, and he readily agreed to go. He paid a visit to Zuo Zhongyi's ancestral hall when he passed Tongcheng, and gave it to zangshan collection when he passed qianchengzhi's mountain residence. When he arrived in Jiujiang at the end of February, he planned to climb Mount Lushan many times, but he gave up because of obstruction. On July 24, Zhu Yan prepared half a month's dry food for Zha Shenxing. He ascended Lushan Mountain from the north of the city for ten days and spent a little time in the north and south of the mountain. He wrote a volume of a journey to Lushan Mountain. In September, Zha Shenxing said goodbye to Zhu Yan and returned home from Jiujiang.

Go around

At the end of February in the 32nd year of Kangxi (1693), Zha Shenxing and Zha Sizi, who had raised money to attend the rural examination in Beijing, met unexpectedly in Anhui Province, so they went to Beijing together and had a poem to sing. When they arrived in Beijing, the two brothers stayed in Yiyuan. When Mingzhu learned that Zha Shenxing had arrived in Beijing, she invited him to meet him. His student, Kui Xu, was very happy. He wrote two poems of xizha Fuzi zhidu and two poems of Zha Shenxing. During his stay in Beijing, he had many poems with Kui Xu and Sun Hua of Tang Dynasty. In the autumn of this year, Cha Shenxing took part in the provincial examination for the third time, ranking 20th, while his good friend Jiang Chenying was in front of him. In the spring of 1694, Zha Shenxing took part in the examination and failed. At that time, the chief examiner Xu Zhuo told the old man to return to his hometown and went with Cha Shenxing, who had failed in the examination and was ready to go home. Along the way, Cha Shenxing and Xu sang several songs, most of which were included in Bai Ping Ji. When I visited Yuezhou in autumn, I learned that Kuiyu had been promoted to Hanlin Shishuo, and sent a poem to congratulate him on his two poems. In the winter of the same year, Premier Xu wrote two letters to invite Cha Shenxing to Beijing. On December 17, Cha Shenxing went northward and entered Beijing again. Before December of the 34th year of Kangxi (1695), Zha Shenxing arrived in Beijing and lived with his nephew Zha Sheng outside Xuanwu Gate, next to Jiang Chenying and Hui zhouti. In January, Cha Shenxing congratulated Tang youzeng on his 40th birthday and talked with Chen Yixi. On the night of the Lantern Festival, together with Sun Hua of Tang Dynasty

Chinese PinYin : Cha Shen Hang