Queen Yang

Yang Lihua

Yang Lihua (561-609), female, Huayin County, Hongnong county (now Huayin City, Shaanxi Province). Empress of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the eldest daughter of Yang Jian, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty.

In the second year of Jiande in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, he married the crown prince Yu Wenfu. After Emperor Xuan of the Northern Zhou Dynasty ascended the throne, he worshipped empress Tianyuan. Gentle personality, not jealous. After emperor Jing of the Northern Zhou Dynasty ascended the throne, he became empress dowager of the Tianyuan Dynasty and opposed the usurpation of the throne by the Prime Minister Yang Jian. After the establishment of the Sui Dynasty, she was granted the title of Princess Leping, and her daughter, Yu wen'e-ying, married to Li Min of Zhu state.

In 609, when he visited Zhangye with emperor Yang of Sui Dynasty, he died in Hexi at the age of 49 and was buried in Dingling.

Life of the characters

Stand side by side after five years

On September 19, the second year of Jiande (573), Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty named Yu Wenyong as the crown prince. Yu Wenna married Yang Lihua as the crown princess. In June of the first year of xuanzheng (578), Yu Wenyong died. Yu Wenyong was the emperor of the Northern Zhou Dynasty. On the third day of June, Yu Wenfu named Yang Lihua queen. On February 20, the first year of Xiangxiang (579), Yu Wenfu passed the throne to the crown prince, Yu Wenxuan, who called himself Emperor of Tianyuan and named Yang Lihua queen of Tianyuan. On the first day of April, Yu Wenfu established Zhu manyue, his mother, as empress of Tianyuan emperor. On July 23, Zhu manyue, Empress of Tianyuan, was changed to empress of Tianyuan, and her concubine yuanleshang, Empress of Tianyou, Chen Yueyi, Empress of Tianzuo, and together with Yang Lihua, became four empresses. In February of the second year of the elephant (580), Yu Wenfu ordered that the word "big" be added to the titles of all the queens. Yang Lihua is the queen of Tianyuan, Zhu manyue is the queen of Tianyuan, yuanleshang is the queen of Tianyou, and Chen Yueyi is the queen of Tianzuo. In March, Wei Chi Chi Fan (Yuchi Jiong's granddaughter) was appointed as the queen of heaven, standing side by side with Yang Lihua and other five empresses.

Free from death

Yang Lihua was gentle and not jealous, so the other four queens, the nine concubines and the imperial concubines in the harem all loved and respected her. Later, Yu Wenfu was fatuous and tyrannical, and his anger became abnormal. He once blamed Yang Lihua for no reason and wanted to impose the charges on her. But Yang Lihua's behavior is peaceful, and her speech attitude is not inflexible. Therefore, Yu Wenfu is very angry, so he gives Yang Lihua the death penalty and forces her to commit suicide. After hearing the news, Yang Lihua's mother, Dugu Jialuo, rushed into the palace to plead for Yang Lihua, and even kowtowed to bleed. Yang Lihua was saved from death.

My father is acting for Zhou

In the second year of the elephant (580), Yuwen died. Yuwen respected Yang Lihua as empress dowager and lived in Hongsheng palace. At the beginning, Yu Wenfu fell ill and ordered Yang Lihua's father Yang Jian to accompany him in the palace. When Yu Wenfu was critically ill, Liu Fang, Zheng Yi and others took the opportunity to pass a false message and appointed Yang Jian to assist the government. Although Yang Lihua did not take part in the incident at the beginning, he was very happy to learn that Liu Fang, Zheng Yi and others had delivered the edict because Yu Wenshan, who succeeded him, was young and worried that the power would fall to other families and be harmful to him. Yang Lihua later learned that her father Yang Jian had a different heart. She was very dissatisfied and expressed it in her words and manner. In the first year of emperor kaihuang (581), Yang Jian usurped the Northern Zhou Dynasty and established the Sui Dynasty for Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty. Yang Lihua couldn't accept it for a moment and resented it even more. Although Sui Wendi could not blame her, he felt guilty for her. In 586, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty granted Yang Lihua the title of Princess Leping. Later, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty discussed the remarriage of Yang Lihua, but Yang Lihua resolutely disagreed, so he gave up the matter.

Choose a son-in-law for your daughter

The daughter of Yang Lihua and Yu Wenfu, Yu wene Ying, was at the age of marriage. Her grandfather, Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty, ordered her to choose a son-in-law. At the emperor's command, she gathered at Hongsheng palace to wait for her son-in-law. There were hundreds of people every day. In the curtain, Yang Lihua asked your sons and sisters to introduce themselves and try their skills. If they don't make the choice, let them go out. When Li Min, the son of Li Chong, the general manager of Youzhou, entered the test, he was chosen by Yang Lihua as his son-in-law. Li Min borrows a piece of Yuyi as if he married the emperor's daughter. Later, when she was going to serve Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty for a banquet, Yang Lihua said to Li Min, "I have given all the world to the emperor. There is only one son-in-law. I should ask for the post of Zhu state for you. If the emperor makes you another official, you must not thank him. " When he came to see Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty played the pipa himself and asked Li Min to sing and dance. Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty was very happy and said to Yang Lihua, "who is Li Min now?" Yang Lihua replied, "he's just a white man." Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty said to Li Min, "now I give you the position of Yitong." Li Min does not agree. Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty said, "are you dissatisfied with your idea? Now I give you the right to start the house. " Li Min should not accept his thanks. Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty said, "Princess Leping has made great contributions to me, so why should I grudge her son-in-law's official position! Now I give you the post of Zhu Guo! " Li Min thanks Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty. Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty wrote an imperial edict on the throne of the dragon, granting Li Min the post of Zhu state and being on duty in the imperial palace as his official.

Death entrustment

In the fifth year of Daye (609), Yang Lihua followed his younger brother Yang Guang of Sui Dynasty to visit Zhangye, and died in Hexi at the age of 49. On his deathbed, he told Sui Yangdi, "I have no son but a daughter. I'm not afraid of death, but I love my daughter and son-in-law deeply. I beg to give Li Min the food I have. " Sui Yangdi agreed to her. After returning to Chang'an, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty ordered relevant officials to set up etiquette and bury Yang Lihua and Yu Wenfu in Dingling.

Historical evaluation

Yu Wenfu said: "zi'er carries virtue in the form of a seal. He is obedient to the body and lives in chastity. He is respectful and worships the state. He shows his name in the form of Jiazi and his Hui sound is smooth. You should be careful with Yang xiulie. " Linghu de Fen: "after the gentle, not jealous, four empresses and concubines such as salt love and worship." Sima Guang: "empress Yang of Zhou Dynasty is gentle and gentle. You may as well avoid it. The four queens, their concubines and imperial concubines love and admire them." Yu Delin: "after Wang Mang's daughter was Emperor Ping of the Han Dynasty, she usurped the Han Dynasty and wanted to marry her, but she didn't follow. After Yang JianNu was Emperor Xuan of Zhou Dynasty, she was determined to have different aspirations. Later, she was indignant and regretful, and she was determined to accept Zen. She wanted to seize later aspirations, but later she was not allowed to do so. Although the Yi people are women, there are some who can't die of themselves, but their father is willing. What's the difference between a virtuous and an unworthy Prime Minister? " Wang Yinglin: "the daughters of Mang and Jian are both chaste women, and those who are their fathers are less ashamed." Cai Dongfan: "empress Yang Lihua, gentle but not jealous, was a tyrant and took over the imperial concubines. She had the virtue of being a strong guard. Her father accepted Zen and was indignant. Although she failed to preserve Zhou Zuo, she regarded the Minister of Yingting's betrayal of the country and seeking honor

Historical records

ZhouShu, Volume 9, biography 1, Beishi, Volume 14, biography 2, suishu, Volume 37, biography 2, Zizhitongjian, volume 173, Zizhitongjian, volume 174

member of family

Grandfather Gao

Yang lie, king of Kang

great-grandfather

Emperor Yang Zhen

grandfather

Emperor Yang Zhong

grandmother

Empress Lu kutao of yuan and Ming Dynasties

Grandfather

Du Guxin

parent

Father: Yang Jian, Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty mother: Dugu Jialuo, Queen of literature

husband

Yu Wenfu, Emperor Xuan of the Northern Zhou Dynasty

Father of husband

Emperor Yu Wenyong of the Northern Zhou Dynasty

Husband's wife

Empress Zhu manyue, empress Tianzhong, empress Chen Yueyi, empress Tianzuo, empress weichi chifan, empress Tianyou, empress Yueshang

Fellow brother

Yang Yong, king of Fangling, Yang Guang, emperor of Sui Yang, Yang Jun, king of Qin Xiao, Yang Xiu, king of Shu and Yang Liang, king of Han

daughter

Yu Wen e Ying, married to Li Min

daughter's daughter

Li jingxun

Stepson

Emperor Jing Yuwen's explanation of Wang Yuwen and Wang Yuwen's skill

Film and television image

In 2012, Hu Yingyi plays Yang Lihua; in 2018, Gao Yaoping plays Yang Lihua. 2019 TV series "empress Dugu": Song Yixing plays Yang Lihua.

Chinese PinYin : Yang Huang Hou