Yang yuebin

Yang yuebin

Yang yuebin (1822-1890), formerly known as Zai Fu, was born in Shanhua, Hunan Province (now Changsha, Hunan Province). He was a famous general in the late Qing Dynasty and commander in chief of the Xiang Navy.

Yang yuebin was born in the army and once participated in the suppression of liyuanfa uprising in Xinning. In the third year of Xianfeng (1853), Zeng Guofan founded the Xiang Navy and served as the right Camp officer. After that, he fought with the Taiping army for many times and made many achievements. He was promoted to the commander of Fujian Navy and was named as biaoyong batulu. During the reign of Tongzhi, he, together with Zeng Guofan and Zeng Guoquan, planned to encircle Nanjing, encircle and suppress both sides of the Yangtze River, suppress the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and confer the governor of Shaanxi and Gansu with the title of first-class light truck captain.

In 1875, Yang yuebin and Peng Yulin were appointed to rectify the Yangtze River Navy. In 1885, he led the army to Taiwan to assist Liu Mingchuan in the French army. In 1890, Yang yuebin died of illness and presented his posthumous title to the crown prince, Taibao.

Yang yuebin is good at poetry, especially calligraphy, and his "Yang Yongke Gong's remains" has been handed down to the world.

Overview photo source: a small portrait of a meritorious official in Ziguang Pavilion (painted by Wu youru) in the stone print of the 27th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty

Life of the characters

Early experience

Yang yuebin is a native of Qianzhou (now Jishou, Hunan) and was born in Shanhua (now Changsha, Hunan). He was born in the army, skilled in riding and shooting, and worked hard in Xiangyin Foreign Affairs Commission. He once suppressed Li Yuanfa's uprising in Xinning.

Commander in chief

In the second year of Xianfeng (1852), the Taiping army invaded Hunan and forced Xiangyin. When the Xiangyin officer fled, Yang yuebin resolutely led the battalion to resist and kept Xiangyin city. He was awarded the title of general manager of Yizhang battalion. In 1853, Zeng Guofan founded Xiang Navy. Yang yuebin was recruited to the army by Zeng Guofan and assisted his brother Zeng Guobao with Peng Yulin. Later, Yang yuebin was highly praised by Zeng Guobao, and was entrusted by Zeng Guofan with the important task of commanding the right battalion of the Navy. In the fourth year of Xianfeng (1854), Yang yuebin defeated the Taiping army, burned hundreds of warships, recovered Xiangtan, and was promoted to garrison. Soon, Zeng Guofan led the Xiang army eastward. As a forward, Yang yuebin fought the Taiping Army in Leigong lake, leigutai, Chenglingji, Jiayu huanggaihu and other places, and recovered Yuezhou, Wuchang, and Hanyang. He was promoted from the capital to the general, and was awarded the title of "biaoyong batulu" to the Deputy General of Changde camp in Hunan Province. Later, the Hunan army invaded Tianjia town (now the northwest of Wuxue in Hubei Province). Yang yuebin conquered Huangzhou and Wuchang, defeated the reinforcements from Qizhou, cut off the Hengjiang iron lock of Taiping army with Peng Yulin, burned more than 4000 warships and captured Tianjia town. At that time, Yang yuebin was added to the rank of commander in chief because he fought day and night and worked hard to vomit blood. In the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855), the navy of Hunan army was intercepted by the Taiping army at Hukou in Poyang Lake. The troops left behind in Jiujiang were also attacked, and Wuchang and Hankou fell again. On Zeng Guofan's order, Yang yuebin returned to Yuezhou and paid attention to recruiting soldiers. He also stationed troops on the new dike and repaired the warships. At that time, Wuhan fell and the Yangtze River business was cut off. Yang yuebin stationed in the new dyke, which made Wuhan develop into an important town again. He was promoted to the commander in chief of Yunyang town, and also served as the governor of Hubei Province. In the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856), Yang yuebin marched into Shakou and recruited 300 warriors. At night, he sailed to the Taiping Army and set fire to the enemy ships. In ten days, he fought for hundreds of miles, destroyed more than 600 enemy ships and captured the enemy's food, grass and gunpowder. He fought all the way to Bahe and Qizhou to show off his military power under Jiujiang City. In November, Yang yuebin cooperated with Li Xubin's army to capture Wuchang and Hanyang, adding the rank of governor. In the seventh year of Xianfeng (1857), Zeng Guofan returned to his hometown and Ding you let Yang yuebin lead the Navy. Yang yuebin and Peng Yulin attacked the mouth of the lake from both inside and outside, making the inner lake Navy separated from the Poyang Lake converge with the outer river Navy, and seizing Xiaogushan, Pengze, Wangjiang, Tongling and other places. The Qing government believed that Yang yuebin had "turned a thousand miles and had excellent strategy", appointed him as the land governor of Fujian Province, and allowed him to "perform special duties".

Pacify the kingdom of heaven

In 1858, Yang yuebin and Li Xubin conquered Jiujiang and captured Lin Qirong, the general of Taiping army, alive. They were given yellow mandarin jacket. Soon after, Yang yuebin went to the imperial court and said he wanted to eliminate Hubei. He moved to huangshiji, captured Anqing, Zongyang, Datong and Jiande, and was transferred to Fujian Navy. Later, Li Xubin died in Sanhe, and the Taiping Army wanted to invade Hubei. Yang yuebin sent troops to guard Longping, Wuxue and Tianjia towns. In the ninth year of Xianfeng (1859), Yang yuebin supervised the suppression of the Taiping Army on both sides of the Yangtze River, took down Wei Zhijun in Chizhou, and let him attack Wuhu. At that time, a general under Wei Zhijun defected and took back Chizhou. When Yang yuebin saw that Wei Zhijun didn't have a different heart, he asked him to lead his troops to help. He moved to guanyinzhou to guard against Chen Yucheng and Li Shixian who fled to Hubei and Anhui. In 1860, Yang yuebin defeated the Taiping Army and captured Zongyang and qingxiguan. Li Xiucheng was defeated and fled. He was defeated many times in Sanshan, Guangxue, ziqiao, baimaozui and Yuncao. Yang yuebin also attacked shenshenshan mountain and Zhenshan mountain, cutting off the songlinkou floating bridge. Later, Yang yuebin liberated Nanling and rescued Chen Dafu and more than 100000 refugees. In 1861, Yang yuebin cooperated with the land forces to capture Anqing, and sent Wang Mingshan and Huang Yisheng to capture Chizhou and Tongcheng, and was awarded the title of yunqi Wei. In 1862, Yang yuebin moved to Wujiang, attacked jinzhuguan and longshanqiao, killed Chen Xubin, the chief of bandits, broke the barracks of Taiping Army in hujiadun and Shilong, and consolidated the rear road of Jiangning camp. In 1863, Yang yuebin followed Zeng Guofan to Dashengguan and Yuhuatai on the front line of Tianjing. Together with Zeng Guoquan, he worked out the strategy of encircling Tianjing. Later, Yang yuebin led the army to clear all the passes of the Yangtze River and completely control the water surface of the Yangtze River. In October of the same year, various departments of the Hunan army besieged Tianjing. In 1864, the Qing government ordered Yang yuebin to supervise the military affairs in Jiangxi and southern Anhui, and to control all kinds of reinforcements. Soon after, Yang yuebin was appointed governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, and was specially appointed to take up his post after pacifying the Taiping army. After the destruction of Tianjing City, Yang yuebin joined the crown prince, Taibao and the first-class light truck captain. Later, Yang yuebin conquered Nanchang and Ganzhou successively, took down more than 100000 remnant troops of the Taiping army, and eliminated the frontier.

Governor Gansu

In 1865, Yang yuebin led the ten battalions of the new army to Xi'an. At this time, Seng died in the war, and the Qing court ordered Yang yuebin to defend the capital. Yang yuebin went to the imperial court and asked for the post of governor of Shaanxi and Gansu to be responsible for the suppression of the Nien army. He was not approved, but was appointed by Lanzhou government of Gansu Province. At that time, because of the Hui uprising, the military and political corruption in Gansu Province, Lei zhengwan and Cao Kezhong defeated Jinji fort, and duxing'a and mutushan besieged Ningxia. It was difficult to make progress. The soldiers in Gansu Province were weak, the reinforcements were not available, and the grain roads were blocked, and the treasuries were empty. After Yang yuebin took office, he went to the imperial court many times, requested to allocate money and grain from other provinces, and planned to enter Lingzhou. Before long, Tao Maolin and Lei zhengwan collapsed one after another. In 1866, Yang yuebin visited the army in Jingzhou and Qingyang. At that time, there was a mutiny in Lanzhou, which forced Lin Zhiwang, the chief envoy, to go to the court and impeach Yang yuebin for unfair distribution of food and salaries. Yang yuebin ordered Cao Kezhong to return to the army to put an end to the chaos, and then killed more than 100 of the first criminals. However, he was eventually dismissed from his post because he read Lin Zhiwang's memorial privately, and was demoted to the top three. Later, the Qing government replaced Yang yuebin with Zuo Zongtang as governor of Shaanxi and Gansu. In the sixth year of tongzhi (1867), Yang yuebin went to the imperial court again, claiming that his illness had worsened and demanding to return to his hometown. At that time, Zuo Zongtang had not yet arrived in Gansu. The Qing government ordered Mu Tushan to serve as governor temporarily and allowed Yang yuebin to return to his native place.

Coming back in old age

In the first year of Guangxu (1875), the Qing government established the Yangtze River Navy, which was in charge of the river defense. Because the generals below the governor were Yang yuebin's old headquarters, they ordered Yang yuebin and Peng Yulin to patrol the Yangtze River and rectify the Navy. After that, Yang yuebin went to Shanghai many times and asked to resign his post and return to his hometown to support his parents, but it was not until 1879 that he was approved by the imperial court. In 1883, the Sino French war broke out. Yang yuebin was reinstated to run Fujian military affairs, but he went to the imperial court and resigned on the ground that his mother was old and sick. Then the Qing court asked him to wait for his mother to get better before he went to Fujian. In 1884, the Qing government called on Yang yuebin to "transfer filial piety to loyalty" and appointed him as an assistant in Jiangnan military affairs. Later, the French army occupied Keelung, Taiwan, and the Qing government took Yang yuebin as an assistant in Fujian military affairs. Yang yuebin stationed in Zhangzhou and Quanzhou, contacted local gentry and prepared to cross the sea to help Taiwan. In 1885, Yang yuebin led 12 battalions to help Taiwan. The army and the people of Taiwan were very happy. After the Sino French peace agreement was reached, he returned to his hometown to support his parents. Later, Yang yuebin was painted as Ziguangge.

He died at home

In 1890, Yang yuebin died of illness at his home in Qianzhou. At the age of 69, he gave his posthumous title to the crown prince, Taibao. According to the regulations of the governor, the Qing government granted the relief and built a special temple for sacrifice.

Anecdotes and allusions

During the Sino French war, the Qing army thought that the telegram was fast, so they used it to tell stories, but it was often intercepted by the French army. Yang yuebin deliberately stopped the warship at Haikou, Quanzhou, and telegraphed the imperial court, asking to delay sending troops, so as to confuse the French army, and then crossed the sea by civilian boats at night. By the time the French responded, Yang had already landed in Taiwan.

Character evaluation

Zeng Guobao: he is the one who is the second monarch (Yang yuebin, Peng Yulin) < / I >. In my opinion, some of his things are all great generals, not those who are admired by others. Wang Xianqian: the public and the people are wise and intelligent. Once they have peace and respect, they will never see the color of martial anger. In the army, if you talk about merit, you will retreat if you have nothing to do with it. And the battle array, sharp wind hair, unexpected if ghosts. In the fifth year of Xianfeng, the battle of Chenglingji was over 200 Li in three days. In the six-year battle of Jiujiang, he traveled thousands of miles in ten days. Seven years of Chaoxian battle, more than a month into the war, also more than a thousand miles. On the old saying

Chinese PinYin : Yang Yue Bin