Li Tiaoyuan

Li Tiaoyuan

Li Tiaoyuan (1734-1803) was born in Dasha village, Baolin Town, Anzhou District, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province. Baolin town was transferred from Luojiang county to Anxian County in the 1950s. According to the place of birth, it should be from Anzhou district. Now Baolin town has merged with Tashui town and Qingquan town to build a new Tashui town The government was stationed in Tashui town. Dasha village and Wulong Village were merged to build Tongshan village. Sichuan Opera theorist and poet in Qing Dynasty. Li Tiaoyuan, Zhang Wentao (Zhang Chuanshan) and Peng duanshu are called "three talents of Shu in Qing Dynasty". Li Tiaoyuan, together with Zhang Wentao (Zhang Chuanshan) from Suining and Peng duanshu from Meishan, are the three great talents of Sichuan in Qing Dynasty. Among them, Zhang Wentao achieved the most, Yuan Mei called him "the top poet in Sichuan in Qing Dynasty"; Peng duanshu took the second place, and Li Diaoyuan was the third. Jiaqing's Sichuan Tongzhi thinks that Li Diaoyuan's poetry anthology is not enough According to Ding Shaoyi's listening to Qiu Sheng Guan's Ci Hua, his own collection of poems and essays by Tong Shan is not very vigilant, and his Ci is not his strong point

Life of the characters

Li diaoyuansheng was in a scholarly family. He studied scriptures under the strict guidance of his father when he was young. At the age of 5, he read four books, Erya and other scriptures and historical books. He has an excellent memory, and most of the Scriptures are never forgotten. Li Tiaoyuan was able to recite poems at the age of 7. The cloud of rain, the Wutong tree: "floating clouds come to thousands of miles, and rain outside the windows. Drops on the Wutong, each of them sing. For a time, he was known as "child prodigy". Li's father once pointed to the spiders weaving webs on the eaves and said, "if a spider has webs, it's hard for a sparrow." then Li Tiaoyuan said, "an earthworm has no scales and wants to become a dragon.". The neat confrontation shows his quick thinking. In the 28th year of Qianlong (1763), the Jinshi was transferred from the head of Wenxuan Department of the Ministry of official affairs to wailang, a member of kaogong department. He was upright in his work and was known as "tieyuanwai". He has been the editor of the Imperial Academy and the academic administrator of Guangdong. In the first month of the 46th year of Emperor Qianlong's reign (1781), he was promoted to tongshuibing, Beidao and other posts. Because he impeached the magistrate of Yongping, he offended the right minister and was falsely accused and sent to Yili. In 1785, he was redeemed by his mother and died writing at home.

The wealth of Shu's writings was unmatched by Fei MI. Most of his poems reflect the sufferings of the people. He has written a complete collection of Tongshan, and has compiled more than 50 kinds of poetry talks, CI talks, Qu talks, drama talks and Fu talks. A total of 30 episodes of Hanhai were published. There are 150 kinds of books in the whole volume. He is the author of 40 volumes of Tongshan poetry anthology, drama theory works quhua, dramas, etc. Qu Hua and Ju Hua often quoted the previous drama comments and expressed their own views.

Li Tiaoyuan advocated the simple and natural style of Yuan people in patriarchal clan system, and opposed the fashion of parallel and beautiful combination of Qu Ci and object Bai. There was a textual research on the ability of drama, which provided materials for the study of drama history. It is commendable that he recorded the spread of the popular tunes of blowing, Qin, Erhuang and daughter at that time, and made a detailed exploration of the development of Yiyang and Gaoqiang, which provided convenience for the study of the history of later operas, especially the history of tunes. It has a collection of more than 100000 volumes. There are hundreds of classics and histories.

Li Tiaoyuan and his younger brothers Li Dingyuan and Li Jiyuan are known as the "Three Li" in mianzhou. Wang Chang, a famous scholar in the Qing Dynasty, said in the poem of pulushanfang: "recently, mianzhou is known as the" Three Li ", among which MoZhuang (Li Dingyuan) is the most famous." When Li Diaoyuan was introduced in the 154 volume of Jiaqing's Sichuan Tongzhi, people, he said: "his own poetry anthology is not enough." The fourteenth volume of Guangxu's "the whole Shu poetry notes of the state Dynasty" commented on Li Diaoyuan: "less works, more can be saved. In his later years, he has the disease of frequent changes. Those who know it should look at it separately." Ding Shaoyi of the Qing Dynasty said in the twelve Li Diaoyuan brothers' Ci of listening to qiushengguan's Ci Hua: "in the book of Hanhai published by Liyu village observation (Diaoyuan) in mianzhou, Sheng'an wrote the most, but the proofreading is not very accurate. His own collection of Tongshan poems and essays is not very warning, and his Ci is not his strong point. " Therefore, Li Diaoyuan was not included in Shu Wei's Qian Jia poetry records, Qing Shi Gao Wen Yuan Zhuan and history of Chinese literature.

From a scholar in Shu to a scholar in Hanlin

Li Tiaoyuan, named Meitang and Yucun, was born in 1734 and died in 1802. His father Li Hua Nan was a Jinshi in 1742. Diaoyuan was smart and witty, and was also influenced by his family studies. He entered a rural school at the age of five, and read "four books" and "Erya". When he was 7 years old, the visitor told him, "if a spider has a web, it's hard for a sparrow." he said, "an earthworm has no scales and wants to become a dragon.". After the age of 19, Li Tiaoyuan was talented and good at writing, especially in painting and calligraphy. He was educated in Fujiang academy and "ranked first in the State Academy examination". He has a beautiful style of writing. He traveled to the capital to sing with famous officials, and his poems are very popular. (Luojiang county annals, Vol. 24, the fourth year of Tongzhi reign) Qian Xiangshu, the Minister of the Ministry of war, wrote a poem about spring silkworm. He wrote it casually. Among them, there is a saying that "if you don't know how to play, you can become a circle". It is regarded as a magic stroke and is widely praised. Qianlong 24 years (1759) rural examination, learning to make "Qi Qi Wen He studied in Jinjiang academy and was known as the "six heroes of Jinjiang" when he wrote articles with he Xiyan of Chongqing, Zhang Helin of Chengdu, Jiang erchang of Neijiang, Meng Luzhou of Zhongjiang and Zhang Yungu of Hanzhou.

In the 25th year of Qianlong (1760), Li Diaoyuan lost his position in Liwei. He made friends with his father in the capital, supplemented the grade of Enke, sang with Bi qiufan, Zhu Zhitang, Wang Menglou, Zhao Oubei and Cheng Yumen, and studied painting from Lu zhouchong. He had a strong insight and quickly mastered the charm of techniques. He was good at ink and wash, and was known as "General Xiao Li". Qianlong 28 years (1763) examination poem entitled "from good as Deng", Li Diaoyuan poem has "Jing Xing Zhan Tai Dai, Xuebu Xiao Handan" sentence, for vice president appreciation, as the first. President Qin Huitian said: "this volume is full of talent, Kui ink, not yuan ink", which is the second. In the palace examination, eleven of the top two candidates entered the Imperial Academy and the Imperial Academy. Later, he successively served as the chief of the Imperial Examination Department of the Ministry of officials and the Department of literary selections, the editor of the Imperial Academy, the member of the Department of literary selections, wailang, and the Deputy examiner of Guangdong. Li Tiaoyuan was upright and fearless of power. Qianlong 32 years (1767), he was in the Ministry of Li Kao Gong division chief and Wenxuan division chief Jin and other small officials. His duty was to send the biographical records of the officials to the palace gate every day, and to hand them over to the eunuch on duty to the emperor. Because of his humble position, he was often bullied by eunuchs. In order to make things go smoothly, the general new appointees often present property to the eunuchs in advance. Li Tiaoyuan despised this bad rule and ignored the eunuch's demand. The eunuch has a grudge. One day, the eunuch came out of the palace in the afternoon to pick up the book and scolded Li Tiaoyuan for his delay. Diaoyuan replied harshly: "although my official is small, it is appointed by the imperial court. The crime has its own national law. How dare you abuse it?" After that, he wanted to meet the emperor. Thanks to the minister's persuasion, the eunuch came down to the stage. After that, the eunuch did not dare to ask him for a gift.

In 1775, Li Tiaoyuan was promoted to Wenxuan Secretary wailang. In 1777, due to the improper wording of the official documents of the governor of Hunan Province, he did not cooperate with the Huazhu according to the regulations. Aguitang and shuhede, the ministers of the Ministry of official, were furious and filled Li Tiaoyuan into the category of "impetuous" when they inspected the officials in Beijing. Emperor Qianlong saw that all the 19 people in the list were old and sick, but Li Tiaoyuan was rich and powerful in the first year, so he asked the Secretary of the Ministry of officials, "what's wrong with Li Tiaoyuan?" The Minister of the Ministry of official replied: "it's too arrogant." Emperor Qianlong laughed it off and ordered Li Tiaoyuan to remain a minister. In August of that year, Li Tiaoyuan was promoted to study politics in Guangdong Province. Before he left, he was summoned by Emperor Qianlong to deal with the situation. The emperor encouraged him again and again. In 1781, Emperor Qianlong returned to Beijing after his term of office. He was summoned by Emperor Qianlong at the qinzhengdian to ask the governor of Guangdong and other officials. Emperor Qianlong was very satisfied with Li Tiaoyuan's truthful reply.

The next day, Li Tiaoyuan was promoted to Zhili, and he was ready to serve the army. The next year, Li Tiaoyuan was ordered to escort a Sikuquanshu to Shengjing (today's Shenyang). He was convicted of being caught in the rain and wet the yellow box on the way, and was exiled to Yili, Xinjiang to work. He was rescued by Yuan Shoudong, recalled from the exile, sent back to his original place, and cut off his job for the people. He deeply felt that his official career was bumpy and unpredictable, so he refused to enter the official career. Some people advised him to try to resume his post. He said in Dongpo's poem, "he retired from Luoshe and stayed idle for 20 years." He wrote in the poem "watching lotus in the small West Lake": "who opens the jade mirror to shed the light of the sky, and takes up the cool of June in the world. Long envy Yuanyang Qing in the end, life by lotus flower fragrance These poems show Li Diaoyuan's ambition of breaking away from officialdom, keeping himself clean and indulging in landscape.

Devote all one's life to the construction of Hanhai

Li Tiaoyuan was a genius in the middle of Shu in Qing Dynasty. His success in academic culture was not accidental. First of all, it comes down to his family background, and it is also the result of his innate endowment and the day after tomorrow's unremitting and hard work.

Li Tiaoyuan's father, Li Huanan, was named shiting. He served as county magistrate and prefectural and Taiwan Tongzhi. He devoted his whole life to doing good deeds and had a strong political voice. He wrote Wanshan manuscript, shiting poetry anthology, xingyuanlu and other books. Influenced by his father, Li Diaoyuan was fond of reading since he was a child, covering a wide range of schools of thought, classics, history, poetry, astronomy and geography. He took advantage of the opportunity to work in the Ministry of official affairs to read the Da Nei's Classics and imperial treasury's Secret books, read and transcribe them diligently, "so the secret collection of Nei Fu almost has its own books at home.". During the period of working in the capital or being ordered to go out on a tour, although he could not bury himself in reading books, he still kept on reading in his spare time. After leaving his job and returning to his hometown, he took reading and writing as his pleasure. "He was proud of mountains and rivers and entertained himself by writing." he was as famous as Mr. Yuan Mei of Qiantang, Zhao Yi of Yanghu and Wang Wenzhi of Dantu, and was known as the "four elders under the forest.". He was deeply impressed by the boundlessness of his learning and the urgency of his time I'm afraid once we fill the gap, who will be responsible for it? " (Luojiang county annals, Vol. 24, the fourth year of Tongzhi reign) he died as a result

Chinese PinYin : Li Diao Yuan