Hou Fangyu

Hou Fangyu

Hou Fangyu (April 1618 - January 1655), who was named emperor Chaozong, was born in guide Prefecture of Ming Dynasty (now Shangqiu, Henan Province). He was a essayist in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, one of the three great prose writers, one of the "four CHILDES" in the late Ming Dynasty, and a leader of the restoration society.

Hou Fangyu was the son of Hou Xun, the Minister of the Ministry of household in the Ming Dynasty. His grandfather and father were all members of the Donglin Party. They were all dethroned because they opposed the eunuch dictatorship. Together with Mao Xiang, Chen Zhenhui and Fang Yizhi, they were called "four CHILDES" in the late Ming Dynasty, especially Chen Zhenhui. After the fall of the Ming Dynasty, Hou Fangyu was exiled in the south of the Yangtze River. After the fall of the Ming Dynasty, he took part in the imperial examination, which was ridiculed by people: "the two dynasties should take the examination of Hou Gongzi, and they can't bear to say Li Xiang to peach blossom." In his later years, he regretted this move. He quoted a few words from Qing history manuscripts on the Internet, saying that Hou Fangyu, in order to be an official of the Qing Dynasty, offered his advice to Zhang Cunren, governor of Zhili, Shandong and Henan provinces of the Qing army, to suppress the uprising of the Yuyuan army. But not so. In the spring of the seventh year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, Hou Fangyu had to go up to the general discussion on the suppression of the three provincial governors because Zhang Cunren visited his father, and Zhang Cunren flooded the Yuyuan army only in the eighth year of Shunzhi. When he was 35 years old, he recalled his frustrations and regretted that he had accomplished nothing except poems and essays. He also participated in the rural examination in the eighth year of Shunzhi against his will and thought that he had lost his integrity in the Ming Dynasty, so he renamed his study "Zhuang Hui Tang" to express his regret in his prime. Here, he completed his two anthologies, Zhuang Hui Tang anthologies (10 volumes) and Si Yi Tang poetry anthologies (6 volumes).

On December 13, the 11th year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (January 30, 1655), Hou Fangyu, 37 years old, died of illness because his country was broken and his family had no hope of recovering the Ming Dynasty. His ambition was hard to pay. He was depressed and missed Xiang Jun.

Hou Fangyu's masterpiece biography of Li Ji. The play Peach Blossom Fan written by Kong Shangren, a writer in the early Qing Dynasty, describes the love story between Hou Fangyu and Li Xiangjun, the famous Ji of Qinhuai, which reflects the historical background of Ming Dynasty's fall and Qing Dynasty's rise.

Life of the characters

Family history

The ancestors of the Hou family were "Shu Ji". The so-called "garrison" is the registered residence of a criminal to a certain place, and is regarded as one of the untouchables.

Hou Zhipu, the grandfather of Hou Fangyu, was born in liangbang and was the official of Taichang temple. Taichang Temple minister ceremony. During the reign of Tianqi, Wei Zhongxian wanted to go on behalf of emperor Xizong of Ming Dynasty to worship heaven in the southern suburbs. Hou Zhipu got the news in advance. Before Wei Zhongxian announced the event, he went on a memorial ceremony, saying that there were often "eunuchs standing in the temple of heaven, marching in groups, shooting bullets, and playing wildly". He thought that "Xingyu should not be near the supreme place, and what about the God's place of worship?"? I'd like to invite you to discuss governance. This is pointing at the monk scolding bald, Wei Zhongxian furious. Hou Zhipu saw the opportunity and resigned. In the dynasty, Chen Yuting, Chen Zhenhui's father, was the left servant of the Ministry of official affairs. He shared the world's great expectations with the Donglin giants Gao Panlong and Zhao Nanxing, and took good care of Hou Zhipu. So the Hou and Chen families are friends of three generations and four generations.

Hou Zhipu had five sons. His eldest son was Hou Xun, Hou Fangyu's father. He took Jinshi as his official. When the eunuch party attacked Donglin in the fourth year of Tianqi, he was dismissed and returned. In the first year of Chongzhen's reign, he was transferred from Guangxi Dao Yushi to Taipusi Shaoqing and promoted to the right Minister of the Ministry of war, which lasted for no more than two years. In the third year of Chongzhen's reign, he was stationed in Changping. At that time, in the winter of the current year, the Qing troops entered the pass, Zhibo capital, yuan Chonghuan were killed, and after the mutiny of Zu dashou, the troops of various Qin kings gathered in the capital, reaching more than 200000. It was sun Chengzong, the first-rate figure in the late Ming Dynasty, who was fully responsible for guarding the pass, but the road was blocked and the command was ineffective. So Hou Xun kept Changping and showed nothing. He just sat back. The only thing I'm proud of is knowing Zuo Liangyu. Hou Fangyu's collection of works of Zhuang Hui Tang · biography of marquis in Ningnan records Zuo Liangyu, a native of Eastern Liaoning, who joined the army and became the capital of Eastern Liaoning with his military achievements. If you have soldiers without pay, you have to do business without capital. Once I robbed a large amount of money, but I didn't want to find that it was the money that was transported to Jinzhou. On the other hand, the law should be cut. The accomplice, Qiu, was very loyal, and Zuo Liangyu survived. Of course, the official is lost. According to legend:

"Since he lost his official position, he was bored for a long time. He went to Changping military gate and asked for the service of situ Gong. Situ Gong tasted it and ordered it to drink. At the winter solstice, the official of the imperial mausoleum held a banquet. Liangyu got drunk at night and lost his four gold coins. On the other day, he called on situ Gong to plead guilty. Situ Gong said, "if you have a seven foot body, how can you be a Dianke? If I am wrong, I am not guilty! "

Press: situ Gong is Hou Xun. Changping is the site of the Ming Tombs. One of Hou Xun's duties was to guard the mausoleum. Therefore, in the winter solstice, Hou Xun held a banquet as a "landlord" for the official mausoleum. One of the most noticeable is the word "life to wine", which has a lot of articles.

After the middle of Ming Dynasty, the wind of Longyang was very blazing. The army did not carry women, and often used soldiers with good looks to accompany them to bed. The word "Xing Jiu" is implicit, so Jia Kaizong, Hou Fangyu's literary friend from the same society, has a note beside it: "Ningnan was born like this." After watching the story below, Zuo Liangyu pleads guilty, and Hou Xun replies to his words. While Kong Dongtang played the role of "Peach Blossom Fan" school, Zuo Liangyu played the role of "Xiaosheng". We can see that there is also a micro intention.

In the spring of the fourth year of Chongzhen, Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty made a cannon in red. In autumn, the army invaded the Ming Dynasty and surrounded dajunhe new town. Hou Xun was ordered to go to the rescue

"You Shiwei, a native of Yulin, was the commander in chief. When he came to see situ Gong, he said," Dajun river is a powerful place in the world. It's hard to get around. Shiwei is in charge of protecting the mausoleum, but he also sends generals. Who should go? Wang Guojing, the general of the Chinese army, is also a scholar, and the left and right generals are not to be appointed. " Situ Gong said, "but who can?" Shiwei said: "only Zuo Liangyu can be heard! Gu Liangyu is a pawn, but how can he command the generals? " Situ Gong said, "since Liangyu was first appointed here, can't I attach importance to Liangyu?" That is, the night sent the world to discuss the meaning. The four drums are missing, but situ Gong has come to the jade mansion. Please.

"At the beginning, Liang Yu heard that Shiwei was going and thought he was going to catch him. He went around the bed and said," it's not Qiu Lei who got it Walking under the bed, Shiwei exclaimed: "general Zuo, you are very rich! Drink me with a quick drink. " The reason is that the good jade has lost its color; the shudder stands, the time is fixed, kneels before the world power, and the world power kneels and tucks it up.

"But when situ Gong arrived, he met with the time. He gathered all the generals and sent three thousand taels of gold to Liang Yuxing. He gave them three orders of wine and one arrow. He said," the three armed forces are the generals of the three armed forces! The arrow is like my own. All the officers and men listened to the orders of general Zuo. General Zuo is now a deputy general and is on the top of the generals. If I worship the officials, it will happen at night! " "As soon as Liang Yu came out, he knocked at the gate of Yuanmen with his head and said," if you don't succeed in this trip, you should commit suicide. " As a result, he fought at the foot of Songshan Mountain and Xingshan mountain, and became the commander in chief. Liang Yu was only thirty-two years old when she was relegated to the general army. "

This account is generally true. Since then, Zuo Liangyu has become a great general of Dongguan. Hou Xun was also proud of his official career. In May of the sixth year of Chongzhen, he was promoted to minister of the Ministry of accounts. It was at this time that Hou Fangyu came to Beijing to serve his father. At that time, he was a scholar and married a relative. In the second year, my father drafted ten memorials on the cultivation of farmland, including official, military, military, civilian, commercial, abdominal, border, cultivation, examination, and trust. But at this time, the overall situation has become a trend of boiling fish rotten. There are poems with the word "Tian" in the folk. It is said that "in the past, it was the foundation of wealth, but now it has become the beginning of tired". Those who have farmland would rather be exiled and beg for a living than go back to their hometown to cultivate, so as to avoid "jiapai". In this case, to talk about land reclamation is like talking on paper. It is not known whether it can be played or not, that is, it can not be played. However, it is a great thing for a 17-year-old boy to draft such a large script, even though it was completed under the guidance of Hou Xun. Among the four princes in the late Ming Dynasty, Hou Fangyu paid much attention to economic and political affairs, and used his ambition of the world. But when he was born, he could not help showing his talents. The tragedy of Hou Fangyu is the tragedy of the times.

One month after Hou Xun's death, Zhou yanru, the first assistant, was excluded from office by Wen Ti Ren. However, although Wen Ti Ren took the place of the first assistant, he did not dare to show that he was in a dilemma with Donglin and fushe, so Hou Xun also had to settle in his position.

In the ninth year of Chongzhen period, Wen Zhenmeng, the Donglin jianzhe, was expelled from the prison. After Wen Tiren's feathers were abundant, Hou Xun, who was in charge of the Department, was arrested for instigating Yan Guan to impeach Mi's salary. He didn't get out of prison until the fourteenth year of Chongzhen period.

There is no biography of Hou Xun in the Ming Dynasty. He was convicted of dereliction of duty and imprisoned for five years. The whole story is not mentioned in Hou Fangyu's poems.

Hou Fangyu first came to Jinling in the 11th year of Chongzhen. The reason for returning to the south is to take the local examination.

love

The next year I met Li Xiangjun. Hou Fangyu's biography of Li Ji

"Li Ji's name is Xiang, and her mother is Zhenli. Zhenli is chivalrous. If she tries to win in one night, she will lose thousands of gold. All of them are heroes of the time, especially Chen Zhenhui, Yang Xian. Ji is her adopted daughter. She is also chivalrous and wise. She knows a little about books and can tell whether a scholar official is virtuous or not. Zhang xuepu and Xia Libu were called by Yi people. At the age of 13, Zhou rushong, a native of Wu Dynasty, received the song "four legends of yumingtang" and all his syllables can be used. However, his Pipa CI is not light.

"The Marquis of Xueyuan came to Jinling to meet him. Ji Chang invited Hou Sheng to write a poem, and sang for it. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, Ruan Dacheng, a native of Anhui Province, denounced Wei Zhongxian's comments on Chengdan and his dwelling in Jinling as a result of the discussion of the Qing Dynasty; Yang Xian, Chen Zhenhui, and Guichi, Wu Yingji, actually took the lead and held their power. Dacheng had no choice but to ask Hou Sheng to explain it. He was the general of the fake suoshan king, who traveled with Hou Sheng every day. Ji said, "General Wang is poor. If you are not a guest, you must kowtow to him." Hou Sheng asked three times that the general was a member of pingren. Ji whispered to Hou Sheng: "I know Yang Xianjun from my mother, and he has high righteousness. Now we are all good friends with you. How can we make friends with Ruan Gong? And in the eyes of the childe's world, how can we settle down with Ruan Gong? When you read thousands of books, can you see more than your concubine? " Hou Sheng calls himself good and lies drunk. General Wang was very unhappy because he resigned.

"Not long after Hou was born, Ji bought wine and peach leaf ferry, and sang Pipa words to send it. He said:

Chinese PinYin : Hou Fang Yu