Li Jingshu

Li Jingshu

Li Jingshu (1864-1902), named Zhongpeng and Danyuan, was born in Hefei, Anhui Province. Li is Li Hongzhang's second son and his eldest son (Li Hongzhang had no son at 40, and his eldest son, Li Jingfang, was originally the son of Zhaoqing, the sixth younger brother of Hongzhang, and later passed on to Li Hongzhang). It is said that Li Jingshu died of his father's death in grief and filial piety.

brief introduction

It is said that Li Jingshu was born with two teeth and eyes. His relatives and friends were surprised and thought that it was probably the dragon who came down to earth. Zeng Guofan said to Li Hongzhang, "this public auxiliary tool is also available." he predicted that it would become a great tool in the future. Li Hongzhang's mother, Li Shi, was so happy that she couldn't shut her mouth. She said to everyone, "so is his father. This son must be his father." But sometimes people's words don't work. Later, Li Jingshu had neither his father's birthday nor his father's fame. He was not even as famous as his eldest son Li Guojie. He only remained his name as a famous filial son (he was listed in the biography of filial friends in the biographies of Qing Dynasty). As a matter of fact, people don't know that he is a very talented poet. His father Li Hongzhang praised his poems very much when he was alive. However, he is introverted, deep in self concealment, and is not easy to show to others, so people can't see his true features clearly.

It was not until after his death that his eldest son Li Guojie sorted out his relics that he was surprised to find that his father had such a splendid legacy. Therefore, he was included in the collection of Li's three lives in Hefei. Only in this way can people see clearly the scholar's mind of this "Danyuan" adult, and know that he is a poet with brilliant talent, great talent and strong sense of historical responsibility.

Life experience

At the age of five, Li Jingshu was very enlightened and intelligent. In addition, his wife Zhao was very strict in supervising classes. She had developed a good habit of reading and practicing calligraphy since childhood. Every day, she would finish all the books. She could read books and never forget them. At the age of 12, she could write well. He began to learn to write poetry a little longer, and gradually became able to write ancient and modern poetry. He said that he had the style of writing in the late Tang Dynasty. He is especially interested in historical facts of the past dynasties, and he likes to study the causes of the rise and fall of various dynasties. He is also very attentive to the anecdotes of the Qing Dynasty, and has written down tens of thousands of words of research experience, such as "on the rise and fall of household registration in the past dynasties", "on the five random Jin Dynasty" and "on shipping in the Yuan Dynasty". He read very well. Like his father, he passed the Ju Ren examination at the age of 22.

Before and after that, his poems were very beautiful. For example, in his "ten chants of insects", from the little butterflies, insects and ants in front of us, we can think of them as superb, sweeping thousands of miles. Accumulated fragrance into the world, brewed degree Shaohua. The false son of the spring equinox millet, true Wang Xiao class flower. The palace of Chu is the only one boasting of its thin waist. Ants: millions of xiaotengzhong, wannituo district. It's the responsibility of the government to build a country. In response to the rain, yin and yang are in harmony, and the sun and the moon are moving. Hu for the smell of mutton, but also for the world stupid. "Firefly": the light fire in early autumn, glow like night clear. Sparse curtain can go in and out, grass is also bright. Dark flow empty white, high flying point too clear. Since Sui Yuan scattered, long while reading sound. "Bark fish": who knows fish music, parade this grand view. The book for life, in ancient times waves. It is easy to read a thousand articles, but it is difficult to spread the rules from afar. Cong canshu is disgusted with Yu, but he laughs at Ru Guan. Earthworm: in the twilight, the sky is lonely, and when you walk alone, you will be happy. Although the body has traces, the source is not intentional. Hou Ying is a man of great virtue. At present, I want to change my feet, enjoy myself and chant for a long time Obviously, he has observed the fighting of ants, the honey making of bees, and the singing of autumn insects. But as soon as he changed his writing style, he wrote about the earthly world. The great righteousness of kings and ministers, millions of soldiers and horses, and the slender waist of Chu Palace are all vivid in the small insect world, which is eye opening. In the second half of the song, he talks with the fish quietly and tells him his reading experience: "it's easy to read a thousand articles, but it's difficult to pass on the rules from afar"; he also looks after the fish and laughs. The fish is full of laughter, and the author laughs bitterly after studying hard In this way, the poet's elegant and kind nature naturally reveals itself.

Naturally, his reading life is rich and lonely, and his poem "just in time in summer" expresses his daily life and feelings. There is a cloud: I don't feel that I have been away from the group for a long time, and my mood is as light as a cloud. The wind is easy to burn incense in bamboo yard, and the rain is first heard in banana window. Many diseases, herbs are ripe, summer thirst tea drink also drunk. Since laugh day long disappear bottom matter, poem devil but with sleep devil cent. His chronicle poems are magnificent, but there are too few left. I don't know what happened to Li Guojie when he chose poems, but he only kept a few. In the first month of the 15th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, he held the ceremony of returning to the government. The emperor of the reign of Emperor Guangxu used the purple reins and the unusual number to present a poem to congratulate him, that is, the original rhyme of Mr. kuzhai. He made Dian dare to believe in the system of Emperor Zhou, and Zhongxing also studied the meritorious deeds of the old minister. The imperial edict inherits Danfeng's grace and honor, and the bridle reinforces Qinghe's virtue. But I wish the emperor a long Yanwu reign, and the emperor a strong wind. In addition to the gratitude for the Qing government's kindness and the success of the old ministers, the main hope is that the Qing government after the "return to government" can "changyanwu" instead of fighting, and want a real world peace. The most impressive is his poems about history and ancient times. It was probably the year when he took part in the Jiangnan Rural examination. After coming out of the examination hall, he visited the places of interest of Nanjing and Hefei generation. In the face of the ruins of the stone walls, long streets and short pavilions in the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties and the waterfront of Feishui, and the rise and fall of the past dynasties, he was filled with emotion. He wrote more than 50 nostalgic poems, anecdotes of the government and the public, and the ups and downs of the rich and powerful families. For example: "jiaonu platform": when the crossbow is to be erected across the river, the array will first ascend the baichi platform. Do not envy the water war through the pool, straight thinking to defend the tide back. When the general was old enough to carve a bow, the iron Buddha welcomed him back to baocha. The autumn wind blows away the grass at dusk, and the sound of arrows still comes. Farewell to Yu Bridge: after the Han Army's song, Li Song rises, and the vast bridge still exists. Silver candle double will enter wine, red makeup a sword solution reward grace. It's hard to bear the tears from the banquet, and the grass is like the soul of Chu. You hate only Yuyi stream, so far sobbing to dusk. Qinhuai Fishing Song: new song Yan Sha Du weiniang, hongbanqiao low berth painting navigation. With the sound of fishing flute, the prosperous world is cool. Smoke at the head of cattle: since the year after year, the grass in the abandoned palace has been broken and the haze is about to fall. There are only green hills with smoke from the Six Dynasties. Hometown of Changgan: the great Changgan is connected with the small Changgan, and the palace is also magnificent. There are thousands of families in LVYE. Who are the descendants of Jin. Lai Yan Ming Tang: there is no king in the hall to thank guests, but swallows still come and go before the hall. It's hard to give up your deep love, and you're ashamed to fly to other people's door These poems not only show his talent, but also integrate his historical views. We can see that he really spent a lot of desk work.

But after he won, he was out of luck. In 1886, he went to Beijing to take part in the imperial examination with the qualification of Yin Sheng, but he failed. Although he was not enrolled as a Jinshi, he also achieved good results. He was elected as a member of the imperial court, and was rewarded with Dai Hualing. He had a nominal title. This kind of title only shows a person's qualification, which is not equal to actual award, and often belongs to the "alternate" status. Therefore, Li Jingshu actually only got the qualification of a fourth grade official. He still lives in his father's Beiyang minister's Yamen in Tianjin, studying hard and preparing for another exam next year.

In 1895, Li Hongzhang was ordered to go eastward to negotiate peace. Li Jingshu asked him to go with his father. Li Hongzhang disagreed and asked him to review his lessons at home and "order him to go to the ritual Department". But at that time, Li Hongzhang was defeated in the Sino Japanese War of 1894 and the whole army of the Beiyang navy was destroyed. Snobbish examiners hated him, and Li Jingshu was also unlucky. It is said that his examination paper has entered the first grade of admission. When he opened the cover to register his name, the examiner saw that it was Li Hongzhang's son and threw out his paper. Li Jingshu didn't expect that he was so touched by his father's "light" in the exam. The article was already shortlisted and "intended to be Gao Kui". However, the host of the exam had a long-standing feud with Li Hongzhang and didn't hesitate to throw you another stone when Li Hongzhang was in bad luck. So he secretly changed Li Jingshu's paper, which was easy to be written by him, so Li Jingshu was no longer on the list, and his mood was naturally more depressed. Soon after, I heard that his father was assassinated in Maguan. I was so surprised that I wanted to visit him, but I didn't agree to go there. I had to cry alone. The first 30 years of Li Jingshu's life was a period when his father became famous and the whole Li family was thriving. He was supposed to be rich and energetic, and he had no scruples about it. However, he didn't have Ge in summer and Qiu in winter, and he was very frugal. There is no wild words in his works. On the contrary, he is apt to make a sad and gloomy voice. He is always in the heart of the current difficult situation, which is totally different from some dandies who played cricket at that time. His posterity told him in his Xingju: "all the historical events of the past dynasties and the sources of the rise and fall of the government have been carefully studied, especially the anecdotes of this dynasty. Even if they are unofficial, they can also refer to them." It's not empty words.

The mother, Zhao, suffered from liver disease all the year round, but she didn't recover after many years. Every time at this time, Li Jingshu was always ready to serve his mother. He tasted the medicine and tried every means to relieve her pain. He inquired about the cure everywhere. Once he heard that the disease could only be cured by using his own son's meat and medicine. Believing it, Li Jingshu cut a piece of meat from his own hand and put it into his mother's traditional Chinese medicine to torment and present it to his mother. Unfortunately, the mother's illness did not improve, and finally died in 1892. Li Jingshu was so sad that he would cry every time he read his mother's kindness. He would gasp every time he cried, so that he often fainted and lost his health. In 1896, when his father was sent to Britain, France, Germany, and Russia, the Qing government paid special orders to Li Jingshu and Li Jingfang to accompany him. At the same time, Li Jingfang was a translator, while Li Jingshu was accompanied in the name of counselor. Li's father and son traveled tens of thousands of miles for more than half a year. No matter where they went, Li Jingshu was always his father

Chinese PinYin : Li Jing Shu