Li Chengzhi

Li Chengzhi

Li Chengzhi (1901-1966), formerly known as Li Cheng, is also known as Wang ruosong. Linyi City, born in a family of freelancers. He joined the national revolution in 1950 and successively served as a member of the third Central Committee and the fourth Standing Committee of the Central Committee. His father Li Guangyi was a revolutionary of the early alliance.

In his early years, Li Chengzhi was a great general of the May 4th movement, who participated in the Kuomintang and the northern expedition. After the failure of the great revolution, he broke away from the Kuomintang and fought for the cause of democracy. After the September 18th Incident, he gradually realized that only the Communist Party can save China. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, he insisted on resisting Japan and saving the nation, adhering to democratic unity, and long-term struggle in Shandong. He made outstanding contributions to the independence of the country, the liberation of the nation, and the establishment and development of new China.

Sui Lingbi, his wife, commented: "he is an ordinary and strong man. He has been rolling in the political storm for 40 or 50 years. He once touched the rocks and walls, but he always fights tenaciously until he finds the party and the truth, and is determined to fight for the party and the truth."

brief account of the author's life

In 1916, Li Chengzhi was admitted to Jinan provincial No.1 middle school. He was admitted to the English Department of Beijing Normal University in the autumn of 1919. after graduating in 1923, he stayed as a teaching assistant and an English lecturer. In 1924, he joined the Chinese Kuomintang. In the summer of the same year, Chen Yi, who returned to Beijing from France, took advantage of the relationship between the Kuomintang. In June 1926, he went to Wuhan to participate in the northern expedition. He successively served as party representative of the 36th and 25th regiments of the ninth division of the third army of the National Revolutionary Army, political teacher of Wuhan military and political school, director of the Organization Department of Wuhan political branch, and standing member of the Party Affairs Steering Committee of Hanyang Arsenal. Soon after, he was removed from office and expelled from the party for making anti Jiang remarks. In September 1929, he returned to Beijing Normal University to teach, and joined with Zhang Yuguang and other Kuomintang leftists in several provinces of East China to form a "Grand Alliance". Chen Guofu won him "obedience" with the posts of county magistrate in Wuxi and Zhenjiang, and was flatly rejected by him. After the September 18th Incident, he began to have close contact with Zhou Yi, the head of the underground party organization in Peking. After the July 7th incident, he served as secretary of the first group army command of the Kuomintang. In August 1938, he served as the field education supervisor of the Kuomintang in Shandong Province and the principal of the fourth provincial United middle school. In July 1939, he was the chairman of Shandong national anti enemy comrades Association. In June 1940, the national anti enemy comrades association established the anti enemy self-defense army and served as political commissar. At the first joint Congress of representatives from all walks of life in Shandong Province, he was elected as a member and deputy chief leader of the Shandong Provincial War Union, a member of the Shandong Provincial Provisional Senate, and director of the Shandong provincial general mobilization committee. In November 1941, he was captured in the Japanese army's "sweeping" of Yimeng mountain area. Later, he was rescued and released from prison. He served as the vice chairman of Shandong War Union and vice president of Jianguo University. He joined the Communist Party of China in the summer of 1945. in August 1945, Shandong University was established as president. In December, he went to Chongqing to attend the Political Consultative Conference in the name of consultant of the CPC delegation. In the spring of 1946, he went to Nanjing to work with the CPC delegation led by Zhou Enlai. In July, he returned to Shandong as a member of Shandong Provincial People's government and President of Shandong University. After the liberation of Jinan, he served as Minister of culture and education of Jinan Military Control Commission and director of Jinan Education Bureau. after the founding of new China, he successively served as vice chairman and Secretary General of the Consultative Committee of the people's Congress of all walks of life in Shandong Province, vice chairman of the second and third CPPCC of Shandong Province, vice chairman and chairman of the Shandong Provincial Committee of the national revolution. He was elected deputy to the first, second and third National People's Congress in September 1954. He was vice governor of Shandong Province from February 1955 to March 1966.

May 4th tide

Li Guangyi, Li Chengzhi's father, was a scholar of the former Qing Dynasty. He was selected as an overseas student and went to Tokyo University of law and politics to study (later, because he followed Dr. Sun Yat Sen to engage in revolutionary activities, he was sent back by the Japanese authorities for violating the rules of overseas students). In 1905, Li Guangyi joined the alliance in Japan and served as the president of Shandong Branch of China Alliance. He made great contributions to overthrowing the feudal monarchy and establishing a Democratic Republic. Under the influence of such a family, Li Chengzhi set up a democratic thought of opposing the monarchy and striving for the Republic from an early age. Before the end of the Qing Dynasty, he resolutely refused to keep his hair and pigtails, and was known as "Li bald". When the May 4th Movement broke out in 1919, Li Chengzhi was studying in Jinan Shandong Provincial No.1 middle school. According to the news, people from all walks of life in Jinan took to the streets to support the students in Beijing and protest against the treason of the Northern Warlord government. Li Chengzhi led the students to demonstrate in the streets, chanted slogans against the traitorous "21 articles", and petitioned the government as a student representative, who was detained by the reactionary authorities. After hearing the news, the students of all schools in Jinan were enraged and spontaneously took to the streets for a late night demonstration, finally forcing the authorities to release Li Chengzhi and others. Later, as a representative of the Jinan Federation of students, Li Chengzhi participated in the "Shandong petition delegation" to petition in Beijing and resolutely opposed the signing of the Beiyang warlord government at the Paris Peace Conference. The May 4th movement raised the banner of democracy and science and made Marxism widely spread in China. The new ideas influenced the people of insight in that era and Li Chengzhi. In the same year, Li Chengzhi graduated from middle school and was admitted to the English Department of Beijing Normal University. After graduating in 1923, he remained as a lecturer in the English department. During his study in Beijing, Li Chengzhi took an active part in various patriotic movements. In January 1924, Dr. Sun Yat Sen reorganized the Kuomintang and carried out the three major policies of "uniting Russia, the Communist Party and supporting agriculture and industry". The Kuomintang and the Communist Party began to cooperate for the first time. Soon after, Li Chengzhi joined the Kuomintang and actively engaged in social and political activities. In the summer of the same year, he took advantage of his position as a member of the Kuomintang to cover Comrade Chen Yi, who had just returned to Beijing from France. After the founding of new China, Chen Yi once said to people, "I went to Beijing from France at that time. It was Li Chengzhi who used the relationship between the municipal Party headquarters as a cover for me to stay in Beijing." On March 18, 1926, the Northern District Committee of the Communist Party of China and more than 5000 people from more than 60 groups and more than 80 schools, including the Beijing special municipal Party headquarters of the Kuomintang, held the "National Congress against the ultimatum of the eight powers" in Tiananmen Square to protest the Japanese imperialist warships' invasion of Dagukou, shelling of the national army and the unreasonable ultimatum of the eight countries, including the United States, Britain, Japan, France, Italy, Netherlands, Belgium and the West. Together with his classmates, Li Chengzhi and the masses from all walks of life took to the streets. When the team came to Duan Qirui's government gate in the iron lion Hutong, the military and police in advance shot and killed 47 people and injured more than 200 people, creating the "March 18th" tragedy that shocked China and foreign countries. The blood of the injured students dyed Li Chengzhi's cotton padded robe red, but it also strengthened his revolutionary will. In 1927, after the northern expedition of the National Revolutionary Army to recover Wuhan, Li Chengzhi left Beijing Normal University and went to Wuhan to participate in the northern expedition. He successively served as party representative of the 26th and 25th regiments of the 9th division of the National Revolutionary Army, political instructor of Wuhan Branch of the Central Military and political school, special commissioner of party affairs of Hanyang ordnance factory, and standing member of the party Department of Shandong Province.

Breaking away from Chiang Kai Shek and resisting Japan

After the failure of the great revolution, Li Chengzhi was very dissatisfied with Chiang Kai Shek's betrayal of the revolution and the massacre of Communists. He left Wuhan angrily and went back to Shandong. In January of the following year, he served as a special commissioner of the Kuomintang in Caozhou, Shandong Province; in May, he served as a standing member of the Kuomintang's Shandong provincial Party Affairs Steering Committee. On May 3, 1928, Japanese imperialists slaughtered Chinese military, civilian and diplomatic officials in Jinan, creating a "May 3 Massacre", also known as Jinan massacre, which shocked China and foreign countries. The next day, the Jinan municipal Party headquarters of the Kuomintang convened various mass organizations to set up the "May 3rd Massacre" diplomatic support Committee (later renamed as the "Jinan massacre diplomatic support committee"), headed by Li Chengzhi, Wang Xu and Zhang Tianbiao, to collect evidence materials from the Japanese army and organize the delegation to all parts of the country to carry out Anti Japanese patriotic propaganda. Li Chengzhi was dismissed as a member of the Standing Committee of the party Department of the Kuomintang in Shandong Province and expelled from the Kuomintang because he made remarks against the new warlords everywhere and denounced Chiang Kai Shek for violating Dr. Sun Yat Sen's three major policies and suppressing the revolution. In September 1929, Li Chengzhi returned to Beijing Normal University to teach. During this period, he, together with Lu Youyu, Zhang Yuguang, Xiao Meixi and others, contacted the Kuomintang leftists in Shandong, Hunan and other provinces, established a "Grand Alliance", actively supported Dr. Sun Yat Sen's three major policies, and resolutely opposed the "Xishan conference faction". He also contacted KMT figures who supported the three major policies, tried to protect the students who were expelled from the school because of their active participation in the "12.9" student Anti Japanese movement, and participated in the enlarged meeting of Feng Yuxiang and Yan Xishan against Chiang Kai Shek. After the failure of Feng Yan's anti Chiang war, Li Chengzhi was dismissed by the school. After losing his job, Li Chengzhi, who had no means of living, pawned all his clothes and relied on his friends to help him. Chen Guofu, the head of the CC department, in order to disintegrate the anti Jiang forces, tried to woo him with the bait of Wuxi, Zhenjiang and other county magistrate positions in Jiangsu Province, but he firmly refused. Han Fuqi, chairman of the Shandong provincial government of the Kuomintang, hired him as an adviser to the provincial government, and Ding Weifen, the veteran of the Kuomintang, appointed him as the principal of Maoao middle school in Qingdao He joined the Kuomintang rightists. After the "September 18 Incident", Li Chengzhi got in touch with the underground party organization in Peking. The Communist Party of China assigned him to make use of the past social relations to do the work of the upper class of the Kuomintang and carry out Anti Japanese and national salvation activities. He readily agreed. Since then, he has often been in and out of the gate of Shang Zhen, commander of the 32nd army of the Kuomintang, and Qin Dechun, mayor of Peking (originally from Yishui County, Shandong Province, who is Li Chengzhi's cousin) to carry out Anti Japanese propaganda activities and promote the Anti Japanese activities of the Kuomintang army. He also founded“

Chinese PinYin : Li Cheng Zhi