Li Yuxiu

Li Yuxiu

Li Yuxiu (1647-1729), a famous scholar and educator in the early Qing Dynasty, was born in Lijiaying village, Weixian county (Hanting District, Weifang City), Liaoning Province. As a young man, he left his hometown for Shanxi (Zhouzhuang village, Longxing Town, Xinjiang county) for a special mission. He taught, educated, studied and served the country I've been back to my hometown in Shandong.

Historical evolution

The Li family moved from Tieling County, fengtianfu County, Guandong, to Wei County in the late Yuan Dynasty. According to Li Jiaying's preface to Li's genealogy in Weishui, Yu's family began to live in Weishui from rongdagong, and lived in Weishui in Yuan Dynasty.

According to the records of Li's genealogy, the place where the immigrants from Guandong lived was in Lijiaying village, GuDi street, Hanting District, Weifang City. The records of "Li's family moved from Tieling to Lijiaying village in Weizhou at the end of the Yuan Dynasty" in the manuscript of Weixian county annals, minshe, are also consistent with the theory of migration. The first ancestor of Li's family in Lijiaying village was named Li dada, At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, he moved from fengtianfu Tieling county to a place called Lijiabu in Weixian county. Later, Li Congshan, the eldest son of Li dada, moved to Lijiaying village with his family. This is the origin of the Li family in Lijiaying village. They are Zhengbai banner of Manchu.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, under the rule of the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the first Li family lived in Weishui and became an official class at that time. However, the good time is not long. After the family moved only 20 years, China's political and military situation has changed greatly. Zhu Yuanzhang overthrew the Yuan Dynasty and established the Ming Dynasty. At this time, this "far away" family became an alien in the eyes of the Han people. Their identity plummeted, and they became prisoners. As a result, some Manchu young people in Li Jiaying's Li family, who lived in Weishui, had the idea of going home to Tieling County, fengtianfu.

At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, Li Jiaying's ninth ancestor Zidian heard that the Jurchen people outside the pass rose between the White Mountains and the black waters, so he decided to take his family to the outside of the pass. Unexpectedly, Tieling county was the main battlefield for the Nuzhen people and the Ming army at that time. Shanhaiguan gunfire, the crowd scattered, Zi Dian family a just over six years old named Li Shixiu also separated. After many days of searching for his son, the couple decided to flee after discussion, so they went back to the Li camp.

Place of birth

Lijiaying village is located 2 kilometers southeast of GuDi street, Hanting District, Weifang City, covering an area of about 1.31 square kilometers, with a registered population of 818 (in 2019). This is the birthplace of Li Yuxiu. In the southeast corner of the village, there is also the cemetery and tombstone of Li Congshan, the second ancestor of the Li family, which are well preserved.

According to Wei county annals, there were three Jinshi in Li Jiaying's family during the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, Li Li, Li Rulin. Li Li is Wu Jinshi. In the autumn of 2017, the stone tablet engraved with Li's name was discovered by Li's descendants.

According to Li's genealogy, there are 13 letters in Li's family, all of which were granted by the emperor in the early Qing Dynasty. Apart from those damaged or lost due to some unexpected reasons, some of them are stored in the hands of Li's descendants, but they are no longer easy to show. The letters are about 30 cm long and are made of paper.

Many stories have happened in Lijiaying: the appalling Lijiaying massacre, the first three scholars in Lijiaying, and the coffins of 103 martyrs in the east of Lijiaying village, all of which show the villagers' enthusiasm and patriotism. The villagers of Lijiaying left many touching stories and legends through word of mouth.

Character experience

According to historical records, after failing in the imperial examination, Li Yuxiu gave up his career as a scholar and devoted himself to his studies.

While teaching, Li Yuxiu began to write "Li's family precepts for children's cultivation", and gave the copied books to the students for free. One day, he received the imperial edict from the empress of Xiaozhuang in the capital, and realized that when the second elder brother left, he told him to serve the imperial court at any time. The content of Yizhi can only be known to him, not to any family. He had to say goodbye to his parents and take his wife and two little sons to Shanxi to die.

He studied the great learning and the doctrine of the mean, and founded Dunfu studio. A lot of people came to the class, and the door was full of footprints. Wang Huan, the censor of Taiping County, asked him for advice many times. He admired his talent and learning very much, and was honored as Master Li. In my life, I was only a scholar, and my main activity was teaching.

personal works

Li Yuxiu combines his own teaching practice,.

"Di Zi Gui" is easy to understand, smooth rhyme, simple style, and thorough reasoning. It can be said that it is Inculcating and persuasive, which has a certain influence in the history of education in Qing Dynasty. In the late Qing Dynasty, it became a popular children's book and children's book. In the form of simple and popular characters and three character rhyme, this book expounds the importance of learning, the truth of being a man and the common sense of politeness in dealing with people. It has almost the same influence as the Three Character Classic, hundred family names and thousand character essay.

Li Yuxiu's works, such as the correction and falsification of the four books, the explanation of the characters of the four books, the invention of Xueyong, the occasional record of Reading University, the Wenyue of song Rufu, and the Baiyong of Narcissus, are collected in Shanxi Provincial Library and Peking University Library respectively.

Chinese PinYin : Li Yu Xiu