Cao Boqi

Cao Boqi

Cao Boqi (1255-1333) was a yuan writer. The word is Shikai. Dangshan (now Anhui) people. The emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty went to the middle of the Yuan Dynasty and recommended Professor Jizhou to be removed. He moved to Jixian to study as a bachelor, went to the Yushitai to serve the Yushitai, and went out to visit the Lian envoys in Western Zhejiang. At the beginning of TAIDING, he retired in old age. At the beginning of Tianli period, he was appointed as the visiting envoy of huaidonglian. He paid homage to all the Taoism of Shanyou, and then went to Zhongcheng, the censor of Taiyu. As a gift to Zuo Cheng of Henan Province, his posthumous title is Wen Zhen. He is solemn in nature and pure in body. Ouyang Xuan called his poems "to be sensitive, to use, to rhyme, to express one's ambition, to create the next heaven" (quoted from Cao Boqi's biography in selected poems of the Yuan Dynasty). He is the author of ten volumes of Cao wenzhenggong's Poetry Anthology (a Han Quan man manuscript). His life story can be seen in the appendix of Cao wenzhenggong's poetry anthology, Cao Jian's yiwenzhenggong's Shinto inscriptions and volume 176 of Yuan history.

Historical records

Cao Boqi was born in Dangshan, Jining. Weak crown, Li Qianyou from Dongping, devoted to learning. In the middle of the Yuan Dynasty, Li Shi was the master of Lanxi, and Wei was robbed 30 times. He played favoritism to other cities, but Boqi didn't verify his belief. When Russia got the real thief, Wei was dethroned. He moved to Lu Tui in Changzhou, where Huang Jia, a rich man, killed people on the basis of his wealth and bribed tenants to falsely accuse him. Bo Qichen got his feelings, so he committed homicide by sitting in Jia. When he moved to Dushi of Henan Province and Luzhi of Taizhou, pan angxiao, the imperial censor, and Wang Mata, the visiting envoy of Lian, recommended him, promoted the imperial censor of Xitai, and changed the Dushi. Guan Shan advocated Taoism and taught many scholars. Bo Qi asked him to build ancestral temples and establish schools to show his achievements. Jingyang people falsely accuse his Yin of lawlessness, and Boqi verifies the crime. Sichuan's low-income officials paid a harsh visit to Kuomi, who was dismissed by Boqi. In the first year of Yanyou, he was promoted to the capital of Neitai and moved to the Ministry of punishment. Tiemu Dier, the prime minister, was in dictatorship. One day, he summoned and punished Cao Guan and asked, "what is the rule of the Buddha for a long time when the Western monk sued for a certain crime?" All dare not to, Boqi calmly said: "crime before amnesty." Although the prime minister is very angry, he should not seize it. Wanping Yin steal official money, Tiemu Dieer want to kill and guard, Bo Qizhi can't, send it. The eight marshals were good at killing and fighting. The imperial court had replaced them with marshals and ordered Boqi to interrogate them. In the second Yuanzhou, daogeng and Boqi were afraid that the soldiers would go there and cause chaos. They sent Shi Yangpeng to ride alone to Yu Xinshuai to prepare for his feelings and stop sitting in front of him. The Shuai was good at committing crimes, and the border people were safe. Datong's consolation envoy, fahuludin, rushed to deliver grain from the north of the five ridges. He was ten thousand years old, and he was reckless. He had accumulated a lot of money. The imperial court sent an envoy to supervise the levy. He was bribed before and after. In the end, Bo Qi left. He was dead. He said to his son, "if you are in charge of official money, you will levy it even if you die. Instead of accepting bribes from others, it is better to compensate officials. The number of bribes offered by your father shall be collected by the government. " All the bribes are afraid, and the bribe is hidden in his son, which is more than five million yuan. If the people's burden is unreasonable, they will be listed and exempted. He came out as the general manager of Zhending road. His administration was broad and simple, and the people were very comfortable. In the fifth year of Yan you's reign, he moved to the county of Si Nong Cheng, where he was ordered to discuss the salt law in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. He stopped inspecting the school officials, and set up six warehouses in the East and west of Zhejiang. He set up a salt transportation officer. The transportation was scheduled, the cashier was once, and the shipowners and warehouse officials were punished for stealing and selling. Return, write for order. In order to worship the governor of Nantai, he said, "it's in the constitution of Taiwan to promote the clear and exalt the turbid. Those who have been wrongly sued are in fact straightforward, and those who have been wrongly criticized can be added. If we don't ask about all the wrongs, is it a custom? " I'm going to go. When yingzongli called to pay a visit to shanbeilian, it was very urgent to build a Buddhist temple in Xishan. The imperial censor guanyinbao asked him to ease his hunger. His close ministers angered him and killed him. Boqi said, "the Lord is wise and wise. You can't refuse to argue." But impeachs the Taiwan minister to be silent, causes the Zhao Dynasty to have kills admonishes the minister the name, the emperor for it creeps to listen. Russia worships Ji Xian, a scholar and a censor. There is an imperial edict published in Da Yuan Tong Zhi. Bo Qi said: "the five punishments are different from the five. Today, the Qingzhang soldiers are working thousands of miles away, and there is no one alive. They are all equipped with five punishments by one person, not the five punishments. The law should be changed. " The prime minister is, will bo Qi except Zhexi Lian visit, not fruit line. At the beginning of TAIDING, yinnian returned to the north, youyou township society, dangren Xianzhi, and his residence was caoki. Bo Qi was Zhuang Su, who served as an official and made a clean promise. In Zhongtai, he was awarded many famous scholars. He was the first to serve as a bachelor and take the examination of the son of the state. Fan Zhenyan, an official of the Jin Dynasty in Yunnan Province, said that the prime minister bullied the superior and failed to report. Fan Yinhen died, and Bo Qi wrote about it in Tai Shi. Lu Shiying, the magistrate of Zhenzhou, was convicted of being upright. Bo Qibai was in vain and promoted Fengxian. This is the rate of good performance. In Tianli, Boqi was appointed as the visiting envoy of huaidonglian and taizhongcheng, the imperial censor of Shaanxi, and the envoy of Yidun. Boqi sighed and said, "I'm 80 years old, and I still don't know my precepts." Those who can't get up in the end and are ordered for a while will go to the throne one after another, and the people in the world will be higher. In the third year of Zhishun, his eldest son, Zhenheng, died in piling, and Boqi went there. Next February, he died in piling, at the age of 79. There are ten volumes of poetry, No. Han Quan man manuscript, and three volumes of sequel. There are six sons and ten grandchildren, all of whom are officials.

Partial translation

Cao Boqi, whose name is Shikai, was born in Dangshan, Jining. At the age of 20, he traveled with Li Qian from Dongping and concentrated on his studies. In the middle of the Yuan Dynasty, Ren Lanxi was in charge of the book. The county captain captured 30 thieves, put on the tools of torture and wandered the streets. Boqi had no witnesses. I didn't believe it; soon the real thief was caught and the county captain was dismissed. Huang Jia, a local tyrant, was promoted to be an official of Changzhou Road promotion in succession. Relying on his own money, he killed people, but bribed his tenant to serve his sentence. Bo Qi got the truth of the trial, so he convicted Huang Jia of murder. When he was promoted to Dushi of Henan Province and Luzhi of Taizhou, pan angxiao, the censor, and Wang Mata, the visiting envoy of Lian, recommended him to be the censor of Western Taiwan. Since Xu Heng advocated Taoism in Guanshan area, many talents have emerged. Bo qizou asked him to set up ancestral halls and schools to commend Xu Heng's achievements. The imperial court thought this proposal was right. Jingyang County Yin was falsely accused of not abiding by the law, Bo Qi after investigation, sentenced the man falsely accused. Sichuan's low-income officials, who were famous for imposing harsh taxes on the common people, dismissed him from office.
In the first year of Yanyou's reign, he was promoted to minister of internal affairs and Ministry of punishment. When Yin of Wanping County steals money from the government, the prime minister Tiemu Dier wants to kill the guards at the same time. Boqi insists on not agreeing, and then he is banished after being hanged. Bafan Shuai killed people without authorization, causing border trouble. The imperial court has sent someone to replace him, and ordered Boqi to go to investigate the matter. Stationed in Yuanzhou, the road was blocked. Boqi was afraid that those people would be frightened if he led his troops there, which would lead to riots. So he sent Shi Yangpeng alone to tell the new commander, and learned about the situation in detail. He only asked the former commander to be punished for the crime of killing without permission, so that the people on the border could be peaceful. The Xuanwei envoy of Datong, fahuludin, forced the people of Lingbei to transport grain with a whip, which reached tens of thousands of stones every year. He wantonly bullied the upper and the lower and accumulated tens of thousands of bribes. The imperial court sent envoys to supervise the expropriation. They were bribed by him one after another, but they all lied for him. Finally, he sent Boqi to deal with it. The man had passed away. Boqi enlightened his descendants and said, "the money owed to the government must be collected even though the man died. Instead of using money to bribe others, it is better to repay the government. Just list the number of bribes your father paid, and the government will collect them for you. " Those who take bribes are afraid. He secretly gave the money back to his son. There were more than five million yuan in money alone. After Boqi, he became the manager of Zhending road. During his term of office, he advocated tolerance of criminal law, simple governance, and people's life was very stable.
After he ascended the throne, Yingzong called him to be shanbeilian's visiting envoy. At that time, the imperial edict was very urgent to build Xishan temple. The imperial censor guanyinbao asked to postpone the construction because of the famine, which angered the emperor and killed the remonstrant. Boqi said that "the emperor is wise and decisive, so he has to admonish.". So he impeached the officials of Taiwan and kept silent, which made the emperor have the reputation of killing the remonstrated officials in the political Qingming period. After hearing this, the emperor could not help but be a little frightened. Later, he was granted the title of Jixian bachelor and the imperial censor, and ordered him to participate in the revision of the dayuantong system. Boqi said that "the so-called five punishments are divided into five grades. Nowadays, those who are subjected to Tsing and Zhangxing serve thousands of miles away, and no one in a hundred people can come back alive. This is a person who is subject to five kinds of criminal laws. It is not a person to whom the five grades of criminal laws are given. This law should be amended and adjusted. " The prime minister thought that this idea was very right, and it happened that Boqi was transferred to the post of visiting envoy of Lian in Western Zhejiang, but this proposal was not implemented.
At the beginning of TAIDING, Boqi returned home and lived leisurely in the countryside. Because of his virtue, people in Dangshan called his residence "caoki". He died in February 2004 at the age of 79.

Chinese PinYin : Cao Bo Qi