Xiguan folk custom museum

Xiguan folk custom museum is a typical Xiguan house, which is the epitome of Guangzhou culture. A small room is full of emotion and flavor. It has a long history. It not only shows the subtlety of Xiguan mansion, but also condenses the style of Guangzhou.

Xiguan folk custom museum

Xiguan Folk Museum is the epitome of Guangzhou culture, and Xiguan big house is the essence of Xiguan architectural culture. Xiguan folk custom museum is just a typical Xiguan house. It has a small room and a long history. It not only shows the delicacy of Xiguan house, but also condenses the Guangzhou style.

Collection introduction

On the right side of Liwan Museum, you can see the big house standing by Qingyun lane. The walls of the house are neatly built with green bricks, which is not a huge building, but the overall exquisite design of the high ridge walls, staircases, corridors, rooftops and patios still gives people a deep feeling of courtyard.

Stepping into the main gate, which is composed of low footed suspended door, long walk door and hardwood door, and stepping on the red square brick, the feeling of secluded ancient charm arises spontaneously.

The folk custom museum adopts a three Bay layout, facing the entrance is the main hall (God Hall), which is a place for worshiping ancestors and family members. The furniture inside is arranged symmetrically, and the tables and chairs are made of precious acid branches. In front of the main hall, near the patio, there is a flower cover carved with woodblock drawing flowers, which separates the hall from the patio. Above the main hall, there is a god building for worshiping ancestors In the back of the hall, the first room is surrounded by a screen door, which is the oldest living place of the elders. In the back of the first room is the second hall, which is the dining place for the family. The folk custom museum displays a variety of old supplies, such as teak juicer, copper water pot, slurry basin, washboard and so on. The most interesting thing is a large water mixer, which is made of copper. When burning firewood on one side, the other side can be heated by heat transfer The idea of heating and keeping warm is amazing.

On the west side of the main hall is the side hall, which was originally used to greet guests. Now it is used as an exhibition room. The stained glass windows on the wall echo with the simple wooden plaque. In the display cabinet, you can see the electric heater, dressing mirror, camera, make-up box, fire and water lamp, silver inlaid black wooden chopsticks, mahogany Sima Chi and other objects of the 1930s and 1940s. What's more, a pair of black lacquer wonton face shoulder makes you feel the clouds Swallow the fragrance of noodles, hear the cry of peddlers along the street.

On the east side of the main hall is the book Hall. The furnishings are still the same as before. There are all kinds of desks, bookcases and antique cabinets. There are brushes and inkstones on the desks. There are ancient picture frames on the walls. There is a strong smell of books. On one side of the table are old heavy gramophone. The faint music should be the voice of Zhou Xuan and Bai Guang: red face, heart beating, your soul, good morning Already, it's floating all the time! Low Wan intoxication, sweet soft glutinous. It was a pop song at that time.

There is a small courtyard outside the library. Some green plants or long leaves in the air, or windows reflecting the courtyard wall, seem to be a few strokes of freehand brushwork, but it means leisurely. There is a room behind the library, which is now designed as a new house. Inside, there are the plain images of the bridegroom, bride and sister Dazhen for visitors to visit. On the side of the library, there is a "Qingyun lane" (cold Lane), which is an old maid and maid Where people go in and out. From the second hall to the attic, the stairs are winding up with wooden handrails. The number of stairs is single or not double. On the wall of the passage are pictures about the customs and history of Guangzhou. There are two rooms in the attic, one of which is Miss run room, which is still used by miss. At that time, Miss Xiguan knew the book and was polite, and her dress promoted the fashion trend. There are old photos in the frame on the wall of the corridor, which reproduce the customs of Xiguan in the past. The girls in the photo are round and beautiful, which is not consistent with the phenomenon that Guangzhou local women are thin. As the saying goes: Master Dongshan, Miss Xiguan. Miss Xiguan's dress is fashionable and beautiful, which has been imitated by many people. Even the maid who serves them, sister Mammy, wears a white coat and black trousers, and has a greasy braid. The lady's boudoir is facing the patio with a big long window, and the beautiful and delicate make-up box is still on the dressing table. When they were in the boudoir, with such a window of scenery that had nothing to do with them and a self pitying face, they had the most prosperous life.

Another room is now used as an exhibition room to introduce the seasonal customs of Guangzhou. Among the exhibits is a set of miniature wooden tables and chairs for the seventh sister's birthday, which are hand-made and exquisite.

Xiguan folk custom museum is a small room, full of emotion and flavor. It not only shows the subtlety of Xiguan house, but also condenses the Guangzhou style.

Layout of the Museum

Qingyun Lane: also known as "cold lane", "fire lane" and "Water Lane", it has many functions such as traffic, ventilation and lighting. If the lane is long, a door opening wall is often set in the middle section to separate it, with a sense of hierarchy added to the wall. If the lane is long, a door opening wall is often set in the middle section to increase the sense of hierarchy. In the old days, well water connected to the sea, and the Dragon God of well spring was the Dragon King of the sea, which was the God to protect the safety of his family. This is a well with a Dragon God.

Side hall: a place for family members to live, rest and receive guests. Couplets of calligraphy and painting are often hung or engraved on the walls, reflecting the cultural taste and cultivation of the host. Such as "full of the moon, two sleeves.". "Even if there are thousands of fertile fields, it's hard to buy descendants with money.". Now, as the exhibition hall of "the architectural conception of Xiguan mansion", this paper dissects and explains the Xiguan mansion and its details.

Inverted room: temporary room for guests. Furniture display is simple and casual. The rooms of Xiguan mansion are connected by horizontal doors. Horizontal doors are often decorated with horizontal plaques or brick carvings. Some of them are stained glass windows made of round lattice with butterfly pattern, commonly known as "butterfly windows". There are arc-shaped gray mold lines on the top of the windows, which are obviously influenced by the western culture.

Main hall: also called shenting, it is the "heart" of the whole house and the main hall. This hall has the highest ridge, the largest area, the most exquisite architectural decoration technology and the most solemn atmosphere. It is a place where big families gather, worship ancestors, decide family affairs and receive especially important guests.

Flower cover: near the patio in front of the hall, there is a lintel hanging. Guangzhou people call it flower cover, which is the division of the hall and patio. The two sides of the lintel hang down, generally only to the height of the people, hanging to the ground is called "floor cover". From the design, materials and technology, flower cover is a very noble handicraft. Main room screen door: the craft materials are more noble than other rooms. Above the screen door is the God building. Standing in front of the hall, you have to look up a little to see the God's throne. Such a scale can reflect the financial resources and family background of the host family. The furniture here is a complete set of luxurious and sour furniture. It is the place where the oldest elders sit, while the descendants sit on both sides. The top of the hall is the most respected. It is commonly known as "four to eight chairs".

Patio: in the past, the patio was mostly square, especially the patio between the gate hall, sedan hall and main hall. The drain hole in the patio is often carved in the shape of gold thread, which is related to the belief that "water is wealth" in the past and also has the function of barrier.

Hall: when the gate comes in, it is the hall where the gatekeeper sits and stands. There is also a door official God here to protect the safety of the family. As the saying goes: three Hall to God building. Now there are only two halls, and one hall: sedan hall. Because of the limited space, we have abbreviated it. The typical plane of Xiguan big house is "three side pass", also known as "three Bay". The main hall is the main one, which forms an obvious central axis from the gate - the gate Officer (Hall) - the sedan chair Hall - the main hall (also known as hall or God Hall) - the head room (elder room) - the second room (dining room) - to the last two rooms (tail room). The gate hall, the sedan hall, the main hall, and each hall are made up of a golden top. Each golden top is called "Jin". Xiguan big house is made up of many "Jin". The two sides of the main room are book oriented, mainly including leaning hall, study, staircase, etc., which are basically arranged symmetrically.

Study: as a place for the master to study and teach his children, it is decorated with four treasures of study, books, antiques, etc., elegant and chic. There is often a quiet and elegant courtyard in front of it. Inside, there are all kinds of valuable flowers and trees, which are mostly planted on the 1-meter-high rotary flower base, so that the branches and leaves of the plants can stretch out of the window as soon as possible to receive more sunlight and beautify the environment. The layout of this kind of scene is "a small room scene, full of emotion and flavor, lasting forever."

Master room: as the exhibition room of "marriage custom", it reflects the unique wedding custom of Xiguan, and continues the tradition of Central Plains. The wedding custom of Xiguan is luxurious and grand. The bride of the new corridor is dressed in red and green, and guests are like clouds, with gift carriers and gift boxes all over the room. With the cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, in addition to Chinese wedding, the new couple often had to wear western wedding dress to take photos.

Stairwell: the stairwell shows you some daily necessities of Xiguan big house, each with its own purpose.

Stairs: all the ancient houses use wooden stairs, and the total steps are single but not double. The corridor and cloister display folk customs about Liwan's clothing, living and playing.

Clothes - as the saying goes: Master Dongshan, Miss Xiguan. Miss Xiguan's dress is fashionable and beautiful, which is imitated by people. Also, the clothes of the female sisters of Xiguan migrant workers at that time were quite distinctive. At that time, people also liked to wear wooden shoes and uncle shoes. At that time, part of Xiguan depended on nailing wooden shoes and uncle shoes for a living.

Living: in addition to the traditional dwellings in Xiguan big house, there are also western style small houses, stone houses, arcades, etc., reflecting the influence and penetration of western culture.

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