Memorial Hall of Hong Xiuquan's former residence in Guangzhou

Located in Guanlu village, Daben Township, Xinhua Town, Huadu City, Hong Xiuquan grew up, studied and engaged in early revolutionary activities. He lived in Jintian and was burned by the Qing army after the uprising. In 1961, the wall base of the house was excavated by the Guangzhou Cultural Relics and Archaeology team and reconstructed according to the shape of Hakka houses. The building is made of mud brick, tile and wood, with one hall, five rooms and six rooms connected. The Hakka people call it "Five Dragons crossing the ridge". It sits from north to south, 16.5 meters wide from east to west, 5.5 meters deep from north to south, and each room is about 13 square meters. The first room in the west end is the residence of Hong Xiuquan and his wife. The interior furnishings are simple, with only beds, tables and stools imitating Hakka style. On the front of the second room hung a portrait of Hong Yinglun and his wife, the Taizu of Hong Xiuquan, with a poem written by Hong Xiuquan. The memorial hall was built in June 1991, covering an area of 13000 square meters and an area of 1715 square meters. It was officially opened to the public on November 12, 1991. In addition to the preface hall, the memorial hall is divided into four exhibition halls, which mainly display the literature reflecting Hong Xiuquan's life, learning and leading the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom revolutionary activities in Hua county. In the center of the preface hall of the exhibition hall, there is a sitting statue of Hong Xiuquan carved from white jade. Behind it is a wood carving of the revolutionary struggle story of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. The first exhibition hall reflects Hong Xiuquan's background of the times and the whole growth process, including the formation of anti Qing thought, the establishment of God worship Association, the writing of literature, the establishment of theory and so on. At the same time, according to the characteristics of Hong Xiuquan's hometown houses, the imitation green brick and gray tile wall is used as the floor to highlight the characteristics of his hometown. The second exhibition hall reflects the uprising process of Jintian village in Guangxi under the leadership of Hong Xiuquan. With the flag shape of Jintian uprising as the bottom plate, the Yellow bottom and red edge, and the light as the background, it reproduces the surging and vigorous momentum of Jintian village uprising. The third exhibition hall is to keep fighting. In order to defend Tianjing, it adopted the style of Imperial Palace and exhibited the establishment of peasant power in Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. The content of the fourth exhibition hall is tragic struggle. It adopts the image of the broken city wall, and the color is dark purple red, to set off the theme of the encirclement of Tianjing and the heroic fighting of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom soldiers led by Hong Xiuquan. This kind of fighting scene can really feel heaven and earth, weeping ghosts and gods. In January 1988, the State Council announced it as a national key cultural relic protection unit, and it is also a patriotic education base in Shengguang City, Guangdong Province. The surrounding environment of the memorial hall is elegant, and the cultural landscape is harmonious with the natural environment. Visitors can not only understand the historical environment of the outstanding leader of the peasant movement in his early growth, but also feel the unique Hakka folk customs and strong rural flavor.

Hong Xiuquan's former residence

synonym

The memorial hall of Hong Xiuquan's former residence in Guangzhou generally refers to Hong Xiuquan's former residence

Hong Xiuquan's former residence, one of the eight new scenic spots in Huadu District, is located in guanlubu village, Dabu Township, Huadu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province. Hong Xiuquan's former residence was built in the Qing Dynasty. It originally lived in Jintian and was burned by the Qing army after the uprising. In 1961, the Guangzhou Cultural Relics and Archaeology team excavated the wall foundation of the house and reconstructed it according to the Hakka style. Hong Xiuquan's former residence has a total area of 26300 square meters.

The protection scope of Hong Xiuquan's former residence includes Hong Xiuquan's former residence, study Pavilion, Hong's ancestral hall, longan tree planted by Hong Xiuquan in his youth, stone lion unearthed from study Pavilion, the site of Hong Rengan's former residence and the wall base of the houses. Hong Xiuquan's former residence is of mud brick, tile and wood structure, with one hall, five rooms and six rooms connected, which is called "Five Dragons crossing the ridge" by Hakkas. It is 16.5 meters wide from east to west and 5.5 meters deep from south to north, with each room about 13 square meters.

Hong Xiuquan's former residence shows the historical environment of the early growth of Hong Xiuquan, the leader of the peasant movement. With strong Hakka customs and pastoral scenery, it is a place for patriotic education, entertainment and leisure.

In July 1962, Hong Xiuquan's former residence was announced as a cultural relic protection unit in Guangdong Province.

In January 1988, the State Council of the people's Republic of China announced Hong Xiuquan's former residence as the third batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

In 1994, Hong Xiuquan's former residence was designated as one of the first batch of patriotic education bases in Guangzhou.

In 2000, Hong Xiuquan's former residence was designated as one of the first patriotic education bases in Guangdong Province.

In 2005, Hong Xiuquan's former residence was rated as a national AAA tourist attraction.

Hong Xiuquan's former residence has been rated as the demonstration site of Guangzhou patriotism education base, Guangzhou Party member education base and national defense education base.

Historical evolution

Soon after Hong Xiuquan was born in fuyuanshui village, Huaxian County, Guangdong Province, his family moved to guanlubu to settle down. At the beginning, there was no official name for guanlubu village. Because there was a coffin shop in the village, "guanlubu" got the homonym of "coffin shop" in the local Hakka dialect of Huaxian County, Guangzhou.

In 1832, 18-year-old Hong Xiuquan was employed as a teacher in guanlubu village and taught in the study Pavilion.

Hong Xiuquan's former residence was built in the Qing Dynasty, where he lived for more than 30 years. Hong Xiuquan's former residence is the place where he grew up, studied and engaged in early revolutionary activities.

After the Jintian uprising, the Qing government went to the village twice in 1854 and 1864, and guanlubu village was in ruins. Hong Xiuquan's former residence was burned by the Qing army.

In 1911, the Hong clan restored their ancestral hall.

Before liberation, Hong's ancestral hall was changed into a rural primary school, named Xiuquan primary school.

After liberation, "Hong's ancestral hall" was changed to "hongxiuquan Memorial Hall in Huaxian county", in which exhibits about the Taiping Revolution and Hong Xiuquan were displayed. After that, Hong's ancestral hall was restored to its original appearance.

In 1959, an archaeological excavation was carried out to rebuild the study Pavilion according to the foundation of the wall.

In 1961, the Guangzhou Cultural Relics and Archaeology team excavated the wall foundation of the house, reconstructed it according to the Hakka residential structure, and restored the "study Pavilion" of Hong Xiuquan's village school, where he studied and taught as a teenager.

In 1962, the "Hong clan ancestral hall" on the right side of Hong Xiuquan's former residence was added as an auxiliary exhibition room to display Hong Xiuquan's life. The collection of objects is mainly pictures and text materials, and focuses on Hong Xiuquan's early activities.

In 1966, when the "Cultural Revolution" began, the exhibition room of Hong Xiuquan's former residence was impacted by the red guards. In order to protect the historical heritage, the exhibition room was closed for a time.

In 1974, the exhibition room of Hong Xiuquan's former residence was restored.

On January 10, 2014, the newly built Memorial Hall of Hong Xiuquan's former residence in guanlubu village, Dabu village, Xiuquan street, Huadu District, Guangzhou was opened to the public.

Architectural pattern

Hong Xiuquan's former residence is a row of six room horizontal houses, which are called "Five Dragons crossing the ridge" by Hakkas, and the houses are Gables hanging on the top of the mountain. Sitting north to south, it is 16.5 meters wide and 5.5 meters deep. Each room covers an area of about 13 square meters. The building covers an area of 91 square meters and each room covers an area of about 13 square meters. There is no hall in the whole building, and there is no corridor in front of the door. There are no windows in front of or behind the house. Each room has its own front door with double leaf doors for opening. The first room at the west end is the house of Hong Xiuquan and his wife, and the second room to the East is the room where Hong Xiuquan praises the merits of his grandfather Hong Yinglun and his grandmother Xu. The other rooms on the east side are all the houses of Hong Xiu's family. On the left side of the house, there is a big bodhi tree, which needs three people to embrace.

The study Pavilion is a village school in Guanlu village. It is a traditional Hakka structure of "three rooms and two corridors". It is suspended on the top of the mountain, covered with lime silo tiles, mud brick walls, Sanhe earth wall foundation, and paved with square bricks. The study Pavilion is located from east to west, with a width of 10.8 meters and a depth of 12.2 meters. The building covers an area of 132 square meters. In the middle of the main entrance of the study Pavilion is a patio paved with granite. On both sides of the patio are corridors, nine frames and herringbone roofs. On the right side, Langpu is used as a bedroom for teachers and on the left side as a kitchen. The hall is open and connected with three rooms, 10.5 meters wide and 6.5 meters deep, with a total of 15 frames and four green brick and gold pillars as pillars. The courtyard in front of the hall of the study Pavilion and the corridor on the right side of the courtyard are houses for teachers.

The ancestral hall of the Hong family is the ancestral hall of the Hong family in Guanlu village. It was built in the Qing Dynasty. It is located in the north and south, with three rooms and two entrances. It has a wall base, a green brick wall, a hard peak, a "human" shaped gable, and a dragon boat ridge. It is the top of the "human" shaped hard mountain. The ridge is a dragon boat ridge with two sharp ends of grey plastic, and a lime tube tile. The Hongshi ancestral hall is 12.9 meters wide and 20.5 meters deep, covering an area of 264 square meters. The floor of the hall is paved with square bricks and there is a patio. The total width of the front entrance is 12.7 meters, and the depth is 7 meters in two rooms, totally 13 frames. In the Ming Dynasty, there was a middle gate with granite Xiagong beam. On the beam, there was stone lion and carved special-shaped Dougong. The facade was inlaid with granite footings. From right to left, it was engraved with four big characters: "Hong's ancestral hall" and inscribed with the inscription "the restoration of the auspicious Dan in the autumn of 1911 in the third year of Xuantong". There is a longan tree with peculiar shape beside the pond, which was planted by Hong Xiuquan in his youth. The back hall of the ancestral hall is 12.7 meters wide with three rooms and 8.5 meters deep. It has 15 frames and four Chinese fir and gold pillars. Between the front hall and the back hall, there are two corridors and six rolling shed roofs. There is a patio between the two corridors. The floor is paved with square step bricks.

Cultural relics

"Hong Xiuquan's former residence", "study Pavilion" and "Hong Xiuquan Memorial Hall in Huaxian County, Guangdong Province" were inscribed by Mr. Guo Moruo, then Vice Premier of the State Council.

Chinese PinYin : Guang Zhou Hong Xiu Quan Gu Ju Ji Nian Guan