Liupu town

Liupu town

Liubao town is located in the west of Cangwu County in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, adjacent to Libu town in the East, Xiaying town and Wangfu town in the south, Shizhai town in the West and Shuikou Town in Pinggui District of Hezhou City in the north. Convenient transportation, 43 kilometers away from Shiqiao Town. In terms of economic development, in addition to the planting industry, the tea industry has also been vigorously developed, and the residents' income has increased year by year. In 2007, the town covers a total area of 291 square kilometers, governs Liubao community and 16 administrative villages, with a population of 19801 people (2017), mainly Han and Yao nationalities.

In September 2018, Liubao town was approved to carry out the demonstration construction of a strong agricultural town.

administrative division

The total area of the town is 291 square kilometers, with six villages, including six Fort, Hekou, Dazhong, Gao Jian, Wutong, Daning, four willows, Li Chong, no Yi, Tong Ping, fair, Shan Ping Yao village, silkworm village, Pu Wang, Jiucheng, Shxi 16 administrative villages and a six Fort community.

Origin of Liubao tea

Liubao tea, a famous tea, originated in Liubao town.

Characteristics of tea plant

Liubao tea is a shrub type middle leaf species, the tree vigor is developing. There are four kinds of branches from bud color. That is to say, the proportion of Qingmiao tea is 60%, purple bud tea is 20%, dabaiye tea is 5%, and broken rice tea is 15%. The yield of Qingmiao tea was the highest. The quality is also the best.

The natural tea plant is 200 cm high, 80 cm wide and densely branched. Internodes 3.6 cm. Leaf blade semidecumbent; leaf length 8.3 cm, width 3.6 cm. The leaves are oval in shape. The leaf color is green, the leaf surface is smooth or slightly raised, and the luster is medium. The leaf margin is microwave, and the shoot is light green. There are a few purple buds. The germination density is 702 / m2, 1 bud and 3 leaves are 6.2 cm in length and 0.46 g in weight. It germinates in the middle of March and is mined in early April. It belongs to early bud species. The germination termination period is in the middle of October, with thick, deep and sparse serrations, flat and slightly involuted leaf body, medium leaf quality and blunt tip. There are 6-9 pairs of lateral veins.

The Corolla is 3.9 cm in diameter, belonging to the middle flower species. Calyx 5-7, green, without hairs; petals 6-7, white, slightly green, ovary hairy. The first flowering period is in late October, and the full flowering period is from early November to mid December. The ability of flowering and fruiting is strong. The seed maturity is in late October. The diameter of tea fruit is 1.5-3.4 cm, the skin is brown, the fruit is kidney shaped or spherical; the peduncle is 0.6-1.3 cm long, the skin is 1.5-2 mm thick, the fruit has 1-3 chambers, each chamber has one seed, the seed is round, a few long, dark brown. 5 cm in diameter.

The thickness of leaf is 294.8 μ m, the thickness of upper epidermis is 26.8 μ m, the thickness of lower epidermis is 13.4 μ m, and the thickness of palisade tissue is 107.2 μ M. The ratio of palisade tissue thickness to sponge tissue thickness was 0.73:1, and the aqueous extract of fresh leaves of spring tea was 42.65%. 77% of tea polyphenols and 3. 12% of total amino acids. Caffeine 3.77%, catechin 143.99 mg / g.

History of Liubao tea

Liubao tea was listed as one of the national famous teas for its special betel nut flavor during the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, and is well-known at home and abroad.

In the early Qing Dynasty, Liubao tea flourished in Guangzhou and Chaozhou. During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, it was listed as one of the national famous teas for its special betel nut flavor, and was well-known at home and abroad. Since the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, a number of time-honored Liubao tea brands have sprung up in Guangdong and Guangxi.

"Cangwu county annals" records that shrimp tea "has good color, fragrance and only slightly thin ears". Liubao tea was popular at that time. In 1757, when the Qing government saw that the illegal trade activities of the West were rampant in China's coastal areas, it closed three customs offices in Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangsu, leaving only one port in Guangzhou for trade, so the "Thirteen lines" monopolized China's foreign trade. Liubao tea also became famous. The development of Liubao tea has gone through many historical events, such as "Ping San Francisco", "the great fire of the thirteen elements", "Taiping Heavenly Kingdom", "Opium War", "revolution of 1911", "Anti Japanese War", etc. after several tribulations, large and small tea brands spread all over Guangdong, Guangxi, Hong Kong, Macao and Nanyang, and the tea trade has reached European countries such as Britain.

Tea has always been the largest export commodity in China. A large number of teas are processed, packaged and then transported to countries all over the world. Liubao tea was mainly sold to Nanyang countries. Thanks to the prosperous waterway transportation at that time, merchants relied on the golden waterway of Xijiang River to transport the rich products of South and southwest China to Guangzhou at the lowest cost, and then re export from Guangzhou. Tea is one of the most important. In every tea production season, a large amount of high-quality tea produced in Liubao is loaded on a pointed boat from hekoujie Wharf in Liubao, then transferred to Hejiang river through Libu, and then transported to Guangzhou through the capital after entering Xijiang River through FengChuan River Estuary, and then re exported to Nanyang and other parts of the world. This is the famous "ancient tea boat road" of Liubao tea at that time. This bustling "ancient tea boat road" witnessed the rise and fall of Liubao tea.

Liubao tea was introduced into China from jianghuadao County of Hunan Province through Babu of He county of Guangxi province more than 200 years ago. Hunan tea has Castanopsis carlesii leaf species, in Anhua and other real estate black tea. Its processing method is similar to Liubao tea, so it is more reliable. "Cangwu county annals" contains: "tea production more, Xian Xiang Liu Bao, taste thick. The tea is produced overnight. It is famous for its color, aroma and taste. According to the Guangxi specialty records (1937), "Liubao tea is the largest specialty produced in Cangwu, and its annual export value is more than 600000 Jin. In the 15th and 16th years of the Republic of China (1926-1927), it was valued at about 30 yuan per load.

According to the draft of general annals of Guangxi, Liubao tea is produced in Cangwu. Liubao and Wubao in Duoxian township are the most famous. Liubao is especially famous, and it is sold well in Guangzhou, Foshan, Hong Kong, Macao and other ports. According to Guangxi Agricultural Communication (1945), "Cangwu tea is still abundant, especially in Liubao township. Liubao tea (also known as Dong tea) is well-known. Other products are also of good quality. Before the war of resistance against Japan, the transportation is convenient. Except for drinking in this county, all the tea produced is sold to Hong Kong and Macao. After the war of resistance against Japan, the traffic congestion and the sales scope are shrinking, which makes the life of ordinary tea farmers unable to maintain. More tea and other business, so the decline of tea. Liubao Township accounts for half of the total area of the county, with an area of 11455 mu. The annual output of tea is 5450 Dan. During the Anti Japanese War, the export sales decreased day by day. It is estimated that the average annual output of tea is about 1500 Dan. The existing area is 7500 mu. " According to Peng Qingzhong's China Liubao tea, in the old time, south Guangdong set up a village to collect tea in Hekou street, Liubao Township, Guangxi. The annual output and sales volume of Liubao tea in Guangxi once reached about 1500 tons in history. During the Anti Japanese period, it dropped sharply to 197.5 tons, and recovered in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. The annual output of Liubao tea in 1953 was 450 tons, 1.28 times higher than that in the Anti Japanese period. Hengxian also recovered its annual output from 221 tons to 400 tons during the Anti Japanese period.

In 2009, the local standard of Liubao tea db45 / T 581-2009 was approved, which further standardizes and unifies the supervision of Liubao tea in production, processing, inspection and trade, and ensures the stability of Liubao tea quality.

According to the data of "China tea regional public brand value evaluation report" in 2010, 2011 and 2012, the regional public brand value of Liubao tea is 673 million yuan, 830 million yuan and 879 million yuan respectively, ranking third, second and second in the category of black tea. It can be seen that the overall market situation of Liubao tea has been rising steadily in recent three years.

geographical environment

Liubao town is located in the north of Tropic of cancer, with an average annual temperature of 21.2 ℃, annual rainfall of 1500 mm and frost free period of 331 days. Liubao town is located in the extension of Dagui mountains in Eastern Guangxi, from Tangping to Buyi, from siliu to Gaojian. From Wudong to Hekou, there are many peaks and mountains, with an altitude of 1000-1500 meters and steep slopes. Tea is mostly planted on hillsides or canyons, 3-10 kilometers away from villages. It's a forest area with streams, beautiful mountains and rivers, short sunshine, and clouds all year round. Historically, there are Gongzhou village tea, Heishi village tea, Luodi village tea and Cancun village tea in Liubao tea producing areas, among which Gongzhou village tea and Heishi village tea are of the best quality. According to the records: the tea produced in Liubao village is located in the high mountains, the trees cover the sky, the tea plants have enough water, and the mountains have more fog. Every afternoon, if the sun can't shine, the evaporation is less, so the tea is thick and big, thick and fragrant, and often expensive. The second is the tea produced in Heishi village. The mountain is made of black stone and clay, and the water in the stream flows long, so the tea trees have enough water, and the tea leaves are large and thick.

natural resources

Liubao town in Cangwu county is rich in mineral resources, mainly lead-zinc ore.

The forest resources are mainly masson pine, star anise and bamboo, with a forest area of 25000 Mu and a forest coverage rate of 85%.

Economic overview

The gross output value of Liubao town was 120 million yuan, an increase of 10% over the previous year; the added value of agriculture was 115 million yuan, an increase of 12% over the previous year; and the number of farmers in Liubao town was 1

Chinese PinYin : Liu Bao Zhen