Zhenpiyan site museum, Guilin

The Zengpiyan site museum in Guilin is the only prehistoric site museum that Deng xiaoping visited. It covers the physical appearance, species origin, burial customs, costumes, mode of production, pottery making technology, living customs, religious consciousness and whereabouts of the Zengpiyan people. Visiting the exhibition of cultural relics is like going back to Guilin ten thousand years ago, having close contact with "Guilin people ten thousand years ago", appreciating their precious cultural relics, understanding their unique culture and feeling ten thousand years ago.

Zhenpiyan site museum, Guilin

Guilin Zengpiyan site museum, established in 1978, is mainly responsible for the protection, management, research, exhibition and reception of Zengpiyan site, a national key cultural relic protection unit. The area of the museum is about 87 mu, including Dushan where Zengpiyan is located and the slope and water area outside the cave.

Located at the intersection of Kaifeng Road and Wanfu Road, Xiangshan District, Guilin City, Zengpiyan site is a typical example of Neolithic cave sites in South China and even Southeast Asia. The site dates from 12000 to 7000 years ago. All previous archaeological excavations have unearthed cultural relics such as stone tools, pottery, bone ware, clam ware, horn ware and a large number of animal and plant remains. Archaeological studies show that the Zengpiyan site is one of the important origins of Chinese pottery making technology. The ancestors of Zengpiyan are one of the ancient ancestors of modern South China and Southeast Asia. The Zengpiyan culture represents the best way for ancient human beings to adapt to the subtropical and tropical regions 12000-7000 years ago. One belt, one road reflects the outstanding innovation and civilization achievements of the ancestors of Zeng peyan, and also carries important historical information about the development of prehistoric culture exchanges between China and Southeast Asia. It plays a unique and important role in the national "one belt, one road" cultural strategy. In 2001, Zengpiyan site was announced as a national key cultural relic protection unit by the State Council. In 2013, it became 150 major sites in China and the only national archaeological site park in South China.

In the past 40 years, Zengpiyan has developed from an unknown cave into an important national site. In particular, since 2010, the Zengpiyan site was announced as one of the first batch of national archaeological sites parks by the State Administration of cultural relics, the party committees and governments at all levels of the country, autonomous region and Guilin city have attached great importance to the protection and utilization of Zengpiyan site, increased investment, and built the only national archaeological sites Park in South China, which has become a platform for Guilin city to show the "wisdom" of the Chinese nation to the world History and culture.

After more than 20 years of construction and development, it has become an influential prehistoric Heritage Museum in China. In January 1986, Deng Xiaoping, chairman of the Central Military Commission, and Wang Zhen, vice president of the state, visited the site museum, which became the only prehistoric site museum visited by Deng Xiaoping.

In 2003, the Zengpiyan site museum carried out a large-scale environmental renovation and renovation, and redesigned and produced a basic cultural relic exhibition - "Guilin people ten thousand years ago", which is scientific, popular, interesting and ornamental. The new display of cultural relics shows the discovery and excavation process, strata and cultural stages of the Zengpiyan site, as well as the physical appearance, species origin, burial customs, costumes, mode of production, pottery making technology, living customs, religious consciousness and whereabouts of the Zengpiyan people. Visiting the exhibition of cultural relics is like going back to Guilin ten thousand years ago, having close contact with "Guilin people ten thousand years ago", appreciating their precious cultural relics, understanding their unique culture and feeling ten thousand years ago. In December of the same year, the International Symposium on prehistoric archaeology in South China and Southeast Asia to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the excavation of the Zengpiyan site was held in Guilin. Experts at home and abroad visited the Zengpiyan site and the display of "Guilin people ten thousand years ago" cultural relics, and gave unanimous praise.

Implementation of a number of cultural relics protection projects in the period of rapid development

The Zengpiyan site was discovered in 1965 and first excavated in 1973. Limited by the level of science and technology at that time, the excavation was not standardized, and the cultural accumulation level and age of the site were not clear enough. It was generally defined as the late Neolithic period 5000 years ago - the earliest stage of primitive human cultural sites.

In 1978, the exhibition hall of Zengpiyan cave site was established and opened to the public. In 1981, it was announced as a key cultural relics protection unit in Guangxi. In 2001, it was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

From June to August 2001, with the approval of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, under the leadership of Fu Xianguo, leader of Guangxi working team of the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the district and municipal cultural relics working teams cooperated with the Zengpiyan museum to re excavate the original site by using high-tech means. The determination was divided into 32 natural layers and 5 cultural accumulation layers of different periods. It was determined that there was a primitive life between 12000 and 7000 years ago Living in Zengpiyan. In the re excavated site, there are more species of animals and plants than before (the number of animals alone has increased from 70 to 113), and a special bird is also named "Guilin Guangxi bird". According to the analysis of the unearthed pieces, Guilin is one of the birthplaces of Chinese pottery.

In all previous investigations and excavations, a total of 29 human tombs, a stone processing site, fire ponds, ash pits and other living relics were found at the Zengpiyan site. Hundreds of beaten and ground stone tools, perforated stone tools, bone ware, horn ware and clam ware were unearthed. Tens of thousands of pieces of sand and clay pottery fragments were made and pasted with clay pieces. Mammals, birds, fish, turtles, gastropods and other animals were abandoned after human eating There are 113 species of lamellibranchial skeleton. These relics can be divided into five periods according to the land layer and cultural characteristics, which can outline the development track of Guilin primitive culture from 10000 to 5000 BC.

From 2011 to 2018, Zengpiyan site has entered a period of rapid development.

A total of 85 million yuan has been allocated to the museum, 42.9 mu of land has been newly acquired, 10000 square meters of demolition has been completed, and cultural relic protection projects have been implemented, including the management of dangerous rock at Zengpiyan site, the seepage prevention of dripping water at the top of the cave, the management of underground water hazards, the restoration of unearthed cultural relics, the protection and exhibition, and the environmental improvement. The new exhibition hall of Zengpiyan site, the Xiaoping footprint hall, the tourist service center, and the ten thousand year smart body have been completed The center, archaeological culture corridor, time tunnel cinema, sculpture landscape of Zengpiyan ancestors, landscape gate, protective wall, Xiaoping footprint square, entrance square, ecological parking lot and other facilities. In December 2013, the Zengpiyan site was announced by the State Administration of cultural relics as the first and only national archaeological site park in South China. On June 19, 2014, Zengpiyan National Archaeological Site Park was solemnly unveiled.

Fruitful academic research results add cultural name card to Guilin

The unveiling of Zengpiyan National Archaeological Site Park is just the starting point of deep excavation, protection and development of Zengpiyan. New archaeological discoveries are constantly emerging, which contribute to the construction of new advantages of Guilin cultural development.

According to the survey, 169 prehistoric sites have been found in Guilin, which has become one of the cities with the richest and most concentrated prehistoric cultural sites in China. Great achievements have been made in the archaeological excavation of Dayan, Luosi, Xinyan, xiangbiyan, fuzziyan, Tashan and other sites. They have constructed the basic sequence of prehistoric culture in Guilin, filled many gaps in the prehistoric culture in Guilin, systematically demonstrated the wisdom of Guilin ancestors in developing scenic spots in Guilin for thousands of years, and established a new coordinate for the exchange and integration of prehistoric culture in the South and north of the five ridges It provides the latest archaeological evidence for the process of Chinese civilization.

The underwater cave archaeological investigation project jointly carried out by Zengpiyan site museum and China underwater archaeology center in 2014 has created a precedent of underwater cave Archaeology in prehistoric China. In order to cooperate with the construction of Zengpiyan National Archaeological Site Park, the national major project of "archaeological China - Prehistoric Archaeology in South China" was implemented. In November 2010, the "China Guilin cave archaeological research center" inscribed by famous archaeologist Zhang Zhongpei was established in Zengpiyan National Archaeological Park. In September 2012, the South China first team of Institute of archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences was established in Guilin. In November 2015, "South China prehistoric archaeological research base of Institute of archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences" and "China bone mussel cultural relics protection and research base" were successively settled in Zengpiyan National Archaeological Site Park.

Since 2011, the Zengpiyan Site Museum has published five books, including the 2010 International Summit Forum on prehistoric cultural heritage in Guilin, China, the prehistoric culture in Guilin, and the essence of Guilin cultural heritage. It has also published the first issue of pottery in Zengpiyan, Guilin, and the opportunities and challenges of Zengpiyan National Archaeological site park in the integrated development strategy of Guilin culture and tourism There are 20 papers, which form the "investigation (review) report of prehistoric cultural resources in Guilin" and "comprehensive opinion on the research results of zhenpiyan pottery prototype".

In September 2016, the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Guangxi Institute of cultural relics protection and archaeology, Guilin Zengpiyan site museum, Guilin Institute of cultural relics protection and archaeology, Economic Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Committee of China Democratic League and other five parties unanimously recognized that Zengpiyan ancestors were intelligent people with high intelligence, and the double mixing technology was the innovation of human beings ten thousand years ago Invention, Guilin is the holy land of human wisdom. Institute of archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

Chinese PinYin : Gui Lin Zeng Pi Yan Yi Zhi Bo Wu Guan