Shanggantang Village

Shanggantang village is 25 kilometers southwest of Jiangyong County. There are 453 households with a total of 1865 people. Except for 7 families with different surnames who moved into the village after the founding of the people's Republic of China, the rest are Zhou people. The Zhou clan began to settle down in Shanggantang village before the Song Dynasty, and has been reproducing from generation to generation. The village is one of the oldest millennium old villages found in Hunan Province (next only to lefutanglong village in Daoxian county).

Shanggantang Village

Shanggantang village has picturesque landscapes, antique buildings and simple villagers. Walking into Shanggantang village is like stepping into a paradise. Shanggantang village is 25 kilometers southwest of Jiangyong County. There are 453 households with a total of 1865 people. Except for 7 families with different surnames who moved into the village after the founding of the people's Republic of China, the rest are Zhou people. The Zhou clan began to settle down in Shanggantang village before the Song Dynasty, and has been reproducing from generation to generation. The village is one of the oldest millennium old villages found in Hunan Province (next only to lefutanglong village in Daoxian county).

On December 25, 2019, it was named national forest village.

Basic introduction

Before the early Tang Dynasty, Jiangyong was a wild land. In the last years of Tang Zhenguan (641), Lin Shihong in Poyang called himself Emperor Chu. According to Jiangnan, the six states (Liang, Lian, Bai, Heng, Qin, Hua) were in chaos for a long time. By the time of Emperor Xuanzong's Kaiyuan reign (720), Zhou's brothers Ruxi and Rudy were appointed to hang up India for the southern expedition. After calming down the rebellion, the brothers of Zhou family have been in recent years, with 24 children. Their descendants' genealogy calls them "24 Hongs". During the reign of Tianbao, with Dayang cave in Ningyuan County as the center, it was divided into four parts: Ningyuan Sihong, Daoxian Erhong, Gongcheng Erhong, Fuchuan Yihong, Changsha Yihong, Shaozhou Erhong, and back to Shandong Qingzhou Yihong. In Yongming County, there are eleven Hongs who have settled down. They are now the villages of dielou, Chengxia, longmentian, zhoutang, Xiongchuan, Gantang, Jietou, zhoujiabang, sanyuangong, datan, etc. they are fertile land, rich grain and fragrant fruit. Zhou's descendants have been around 18000 in the county. They are the first group of Han people to live in Jiangyong County. By the time of yuan and Ming Dynasties, some of them lived together in Yao district and became Yao people. There are 450 households and more than 1700 people in Shanggantang village. Many ancient buildings are left behind, reflecting the essence of medieval culture. For example, the stone slab road 1200 years ago, the 500 meter long flood control wall of xiemu River, four ancient six buildings, 68 Qing Dynasty residents (including seven or eight in the last three centuries), and a spacious ancestral hall "loyal Ci". Because of the construction quality and social reasons, it is difficult to adapt to the ever-changing lifestyle. Therefore, it is very precious to use houses for 300 years. People of insight are invited to visit.

History and culture

The historical and cultural name of Murakami Gantang was established in xiemu county from the sixth year of the Ding Dynasty (111 BC) to the ninth year of the kaihuang Dynasty (589 BC). Xiemu county is named after the confluence of xiemu two rivers. In fact, the two rivers are both male and female. Xiongshui originates from Xiongchuan in dusongling, which comes from rainfall in high mountains; mushui is female, which comes from limestone groundwater. The confluence of male and female rivers, surrounded by mountains and water, is a unique place for geomantic omen. Zhou's ancestors settled here during the Tianbao period of Tang Dynasty, and named it Gantang. It has been 1240 years. "Sweet" is sweet, "Tang", Begonia fruit, namely wild apple. Sweet Begonia, sweet wild apple. This is the place name from Shandong, the hometown of apple. There is another saying: Gantang, originally meant to be a tall tree, later used as a praise for the achievements of officials. That is to say, the ancestors of the Zhou family were meritorious officials of the imperial court. With beautiful scenery, many places of interest, and intact stele pavilions and pavilions, Gantang is a tourist attraction with concentrated human and natural landscapes.

Throughout the village, there is an old stone road with shops on both sides. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there was still a strong sense of merchants in the rural market trade here. The traces of wine shops in the past still exist. Visitors will naturally associate with Du Mu's poem of "wine flag style in Shuicun mountain".

Zhou's family has lived here for more than 1240 years. It is a land of "loyalty, filial piety and integrity" and a land of advocating culture and martial arts. There are 100 people in the past dynasties, including Jiedushi, Shangshu, xuanzheng doctor, Taishou, CI Shi, Zhizhou, Tongtan, county magistrate, Wenlin county and general. After liberation, there were more than 40 engineers, section chiefs, middle school principals, teachers and doctors. In the old days, except for the commander of Zhou hanzong, all the other officials had gouache portraits, which were hung in Zhonghou temple for tourists to watch.

The villagers believe in shougui and Shengui, so there are some cultural relics and ancient buildings such as Guishan, Guixing terrace, guita, shougui Pavilion, etc. In the south of the village, there is a pavilion for longevity turtles, which is the only way to Guilin and Babu in ancient Guangxi. The purpose of the pavilion is to protect the villagers' travel. Passers-by need to rest for a while and touch the head and back of longevity turtles with their hands to protect their travel.

Architecture of Ming and Qing Dynasties

More than 200 ancient dwellings of Ming and Qing Dynasties are still preserved in the village. In addition, a large number of Ming and Qing Dynasty buildings were left in the village, such as Wenchang Pavilion in the 48th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, gatehouse in the 6th year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty, buying bridge in the 10th year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty and Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, stone wall in the 2nd year of the Republic of China, and a number of ancient buildings with Song Dynasty characteristics. The village was founded more than 1000 years ago. After thousands of years of wind and rain, the name, location and family of the village remain unchanged. Archaeologists say that Shanggantang village, which is a well preserved ancient village with architectural, commercial, Academy, religious and other cultural characteristics, is a miracle. There is a cliff stone carving in yuepo Pavilion in Shanggantang village. According to research, the stone carving was carved by the Zhou family in Shanggantang village in 1000 years. The main content is to eulogize the beautiful scenery of Shanggantang village and the construction of the Zhou family in the village. There are 24 ancient stone inscriptions, including merit steles, exhortations, sentimental poems and bajingshi, which extend to song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, It's a thousand year old stone family tree. It is the first time in Hunan Province that this cliff carving, which is carved by a family in the history of more than 1000 years, specifically reflects the millennium development history of the family. It has important reference value for the study of rural history, folk customs, especially the local history, culture and religion in the song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Buying Bridge

In the south of Shanggantang village, there is a three hole stone arch bridge, named "buying bridge". The bridge was built in the first year of Jingkang of Song Dynasty. It has been repaired in yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. It has maintained the ancient post road in front of the village for thousands of years. The bridge is 27 meters long, 4.5 meters wide, 9.5 meters long and 5 meters high. The arch bridge adopts semi-circular thin arch, which is small and chic. It sets off with the solemn and towering of Wenchang Pavilion, and forms a picture, which makes it interesting. Stone arch bridge is the only ancient bridge of Song Dynasty discovered in Hunan Province so far. In addition, Wen Tianxiang's calligraphy inscription "loyalty, filial piety and integrity" was also found, which is the same as the font "loyalty, filial piety and integrity" excavated in Changsha Xuegong site in the late 1980s. The calligraphy style is the same, and the size is almost the same. The discovery of Shanggantang village provides a complete organizational cell for cultural relic experts to study feudal society. In the farming society, kinship village is an independent and complete life circle or cultural circle, which is the smallest unit to maintain the social characteristics. The discovery of Shanggantang village provides us with complete data to study history from the perspective of ordinary natural and social people.

Shouxuan Pavilion

It's a dilemma between loyalty and filial piety. It's a model inscription with four virtues. Tingjianshouxuan obeys his mother's instruction, and the word "filial piety" comes first.

Shouxuanting was built in the 33rd year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu by Zhou Jilong, a villager, because his great grandmother, Mrs. Mao Tai, was granted the title of "Wupin Yiren". Zhou Jilong's great grandfather, Zhou Zhenbang, is a five character official. His great grandmother always cherishes compassion, sympathizes with the local people and neighbors, and uses good words to influence the local people. She also believes in Buddhism, so she is called "mother of mercy Buddha". The feudal dynasty affirmed and commended her moral character, so she was granted a patent. "Five grades and pleasant", in the current words, is the "inner help" of the five grades. In fact, she was a better lady who obeyed feudal moral standards. In ancient times, only when a husband's rank was above five grades, could his wife be granted the title of "pleasant".

The pavilion is of bluestone structure, 4 meters wide, 10 meters long and 4.7 meters high. There are two inscriptions in the pavilion: each is 2 meters high, 0.7 meters wide and 0.2 meters thick, built in the walls on both sides of the pavilion. In the pavilion, there is an undercurrent, all around it is overcast, the countryside is connected with the fields, and the scenery is drunk. It is a good place for tourists to rest.

Shanggantang Museum

Shanggantang museum is the first village level museum in Hunan Province, with the exhibition name of "Yongming has Gantang: entering the famous historical and cultural village Gantang". The content of the exhibition is divided into three units. The first unit is surrounded by mountains and rivers, where people live together; the second unit is to study and become an official, and cultivate rich families; the third unit is an important road in Hunan and Guangxi, a thousand year old village. Wenchang Pavilion in the Ming Dynasty, ancient residential buildings in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, yuepi Pavilion inscriptions in the song and Yuan Dynasties, Tiepu, wine shop, tofu square and other cultural relics and historic sites in the village have been "moved" into the museum one by one. Through modern display means such as objects, words, pictures, audio and video, the village history, culture, folk customs and unique humanistic charm of the ancient village are displayed in an all-round way.

Aung San

Looking up at the majestic scenery, Yingdu is in favor, and the majestic scenery leads the mountains. Fir and banyan attract parrots and cranes at four seasons, and bamboo and bamboo attract Phoenix at three paths.

During the reign of Baoyou in the Southern Song Dynasty, a prefect was born in Shanggantang village

Chinese PinYin : Shang Gan Tang Cun