Tunxi

Tunxi District

synonym

Tunxi generally refers to Tunxi District

Tunxi District, a municipal district of Huangshan City, Anhui Province, is located in the south of Anhui Province. Xiutun basin, located between Baiji, Tianmu Mountain and Huangshan Mountain, is the confluence of Hengjiang River, Liushui River and Xin'anjiang river. The northeast and southeast are adjacent to Huizhou District and Shexian county respectively, and the rest are adjacent to Xiuning County.

Huangdun is the ancestral home of famous Neo Confucianists Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi and Zhu Xi in the Song Dynasty, known as "Cheng Zhu que Li"; there are Tunxi Old Street, Huashan, Xiaolongshan ancient temple, Jiling mountain Songtao, Qingquan, bainiating, Xianren cave, Guanyang bridge tower and other places of interest. Tunxi is the center of Xin'an culture, which has bred famous Hui merchants, Hui cuisine, Hui opera, Hui style architecture, Hui style bonsai, Xin'an medicine, Xin'an painting school, etc. key cultural relics protection units include Dai Zhen memorial hall, Cheng Dawei's former residence and memorial hall, Cheng's three houses, old bridge, etc. Tunxi Old Street is a national historical and cultural protection area. There are also Dai Zhen memorial hall, Cheng Dawei abacus Museum, Cheng sanzhai ancient residence exhibition hall, Tunxi Old Street Museum, and the former site exhibition hall of South Anhui Special Committee of the Communist Party of China. Folk arts include paper fireworks, drum fighting, lion hanging, local opera, pavilion lifting, swing, stilts, dragon boat, lion dance, dragon dance, etc.

In March 2019, it will be listed in the first batch of counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics.

Historical evolution

Tunxi has a long history. Ancient tombs of the mid western Zhou Dynasty (10th century B.C.) were unearthed in the suburbs of Tunxi. In the spring and Autumn period (5th century B.C.), they belonged to the states of Wu and Chu. Sun Quan established Liyang County in Tunxi in the 13th year of Jian'an (208 A.D.) of the Han Dynasty. In the third year of Tianjia (562 A.D.) of emperor Chen Wen of the northern and Southern Dynasties, Liyang county was withdrawn into Haining county (now Xiuning County). Tunxi is the first town of Xiuning County.

In history, Tunxi became the material distribution center and economic center in the mountainous area of Southern Anhui Province because of its smooth water transportation. In 1548, Tunxi was one of the famous tea markets in China. During the period of the Republic of China, the provincial tax bureau, the salt court, the chamber of Commerce and other commercial institutions were located in Tunxi. During the Anti Japanese War, a large number of merchants and refugees poured into Tunxi, the population increased sharply, and the economy was once abnormally prosperous, known as "little Shanghai".

On April 29, 1949, Tunxi was liberated and established as a city under the jurisdiction of the province. After that, Tunxi was withdrawn twice as a town.

In 1976, Tunxi city was restored. In November 1987, Huangshan City under provincial jurisdiction was established, and Tunxi was changed into a municipal district.

geographical environment

position

Tunxi, located in the south of Anhui Province, is located in the Xiutun basin between Baiji Tianmu Mountain and Huangshan Mountain. It is located in the "intersection of two rivers and thoroughfare of three provinces": the junction of Anhui, Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces, as well as the junction of Hengjiang, Liushui and Xin'anjiang. The northeast and southeast are adjacent to Huizhou District and Shexian county respectively, and the rest are adjacent to Xiuning County.

climate

Tunxi is located in the northern edge of the mid subtropical zone, with mild climate, four distinct seasons and abundant rainfall. The annual average temperature is 16.3 ℃, and the annual frost free period is 237 days, and the annual precipitation is 1670 mm.

administrative division

Tunxi District has four streets and five towns: Yudong street, Yuzhong street, Yuxi street, Laojie street, tunguang Town, Yanghu Town, Liyang Town, Xintan town and Yiqi town.

Population nationality

Tunxi is an area where Han people live in concentrated communities and ethnic minorities live in scattered communities. According to the general survey of ethnic minorities in 1997, there are 13 ethnic minorities in Tunxi, including Hui, Tujia, man, Yi, Zhuang, Li, Dong, Tibetan, she, Miao, Korean, Buyi and Mongolian. The total population of ethnic minorities is 375, of which 325 are Hui, accounting for 86.8% of the total number of ethnic minorities.

According to the main data bulletin of the sixth national population census in 2010, the permanent resident population of the whole region is 217637. Compared with 155211 in the fifth national population census at 0:00 on November 1, 2000, the number of permanent residents increased by 62426 in ten years, 40.2% and 3.44% annually.

The census register registered residence population of 174829 people, compared with the fifth national census in November 1, 2000 at 144539, the total increase of ten people in 30290 years, an increase of 20.96%, an average annual growth of 1.92%. There are 67506 permanent residents in the District, with a population of 191717. The average population of each household is 2.84, 0.14 less than the 2.98 in the fifth national census in 2000.

Tunxi is an area inhabited by Han people and scattered by ethnic minorities. There are 29 ethnic minorities in Tunxi, including Hui, Tujia, man, Yi, Zhuang, Li, Dong, Zang, she, Miao, Korean, Buyi and Mongolia. The total population of ethnic minorities is 927, of which 452 are Hui, accounting for 48.8% of the total number of ethnic minorities.

traffic

Tunxi is adjacent to Huangshan and Taiping Lake in the north, Qiyun mountain in the West and Qiandao Lake in the East. National Highway 205 and provincial highway 319 pass through the city. It is also one of the major stations of Anhui Jiangxi railway. There are direct trains to Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou, Nanjing, Xiamen, Fuzhou, Nanchang, Wuhu, Wuxi, Suzhou and other large and medium-sized cities. The expanded Huangshan Airport is a national first-class air port, which can take off and land b-737, MD-82 and other large and medium-sized airliners all day. It has opened more than 20 routes in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Hong Kong, Xiamen, Wuhan, Fuzhou, Haikou, Guilin, Tianjin, Xi'an, Kunming, Chengdu, Yichang, Shantou, etc. Huihang Expressway shortens the distance between Tunxi and Hangzhou to more than 2 hours, and hetonghuang Expressway also takes this as the end point.

Economics

In 2006, the total financial revenue of Tunxi District exceeded 200 million yuan, reaching 224 million yuan, an increase of 22.7%. The total investment in fixed assets and retail sales of consumer goods in the whole society increased by 41.9% and 14.3% annually, respectively. The annual tourism reception reached 2.226 million person times, and the total tourism income was 806 million yuan.

In 2006, the ratio of three industrial structures was adjusted and optimized from 15.2 ∶ 27.8 ∶ 57 to 9.4 ∶ 34.3 ∶ 56.3. The grain planting ratio was adjusted to 35 ∶ 65.

In 2010, the GDP reached 4.08 billion yuan, with an average annual growth of 14.3% during the "Eleventh Five Year Plan"; the general budget revenue reached 464 million yuan, with an average annual growth of 26.9%; the total investment in fixed assets of the whole society reached 22.8 billion yuan, with an average annual growth of 41.7%; the total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 4.15 billion yuan, with an average annual growth of 19.9%. The proportion of added value of the three industries was adjusted from 10.7:33:56.3 in 2005 to 5.9:35.5:58.6 in 2010.

In 2011, the total GDP was 4.923 billion yuan, an increase of 13.3%; the total investment in fixed assets was 6.002 billion yuan, an increase of 35.4%; the general budget revenue was 681 million yuan, an increase of 46.8%; the introduction of foreign domestic capital (including continued construction) was 6.28 billion yuan, an increase of 25.1%; the introduction of foreign domestic capital was 5.54 billion yuan, an increase of 23.7%; the actual use of foreign capital was 25.75 million US dollars, an increase of 32.5%; and the import and export of foreign trade was 1% The total amount of tourism is 48.4 million US dollars, an increase of 35.3%; the tourist reception is 5.956 million people, an increase of 20.6%; the total tourism income is 6.704 billion yuan, an increase of 30.2%; the total retail sales of social consumer goods is 4.97 billion yuan, an increase of 20%; the per capita disposable income of urban residents is 18669 yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers is 9149 yuan, an increase of 17.9% and 18%, respectively.

The structure of the three industries was adjusted from 9.2:33.7:57.1 to 5:38.3:56.7. The private economy is booming, with 79 private enterprises paying more than one million yuan. In 2011, the general budget revenue, the added value of industries above Designated Size, the total retail sales of social consumer goods, and the total tourism revenue were 3.9, 6.2, 2.6, and 8.8 times higher than those in 2006, respectively.

Industry

In 2006, 27 Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size achieved a total output value of 500 million yuan and added value of 142 million yuan, an increase of 30.6%. The total output value of Jiulong Park and shuaixin Industrial Park is 286 million yuan. There are 7 and 2 industrial enterprises with an output value of over 20 million yuan and 50 million yuan respectively. A total of 199 million yuan has been invested in industrial technological transformation, and three provincial private science and technology enterprises, one high-tech enterprise and two new high-tech products have been added.

In 2011, the added value of industries above designated size was 875 million yuan, an increase of 30.6%; 19 new industrial enterprises above designated size were added in the region, and the total output value of industries above designated size was 3.15 billion yuan, including 8 enterprises such as Huangshan pump and Xinhui industry, which exceeded 100 million yuan.

Agriculture

In 2006, the rice planting area decreased by 2000 mu, and the vegetable, flower, seedling and fruit forest area increased to 34000 mu. A forestry ecological line of 1639 Mu along he Tong Huang highway has been built. The basic construction of farmland and water conservancy has been continuously strengthened. The project of "enriching the people with agricultural machinery" and the establishment of "safe agricultural machinery" have achieved initial results. "Sunshine project" trained 1914 people. Chengdong farmer's market and Shazhou farmer's market were completed. "Popularization and application of improved variety technology of Apis cerana in Huangshan Mountain"

Chinese PinYin : Tun Xi