Yu Garden

--The private garden in Ming Dynasty, known as "City mountain forest" reputation, and "Qixiu Jia in the Southeast" said, is a pearl in Jiangnan garden.

--Known as one of the four major cultural markets in China, there are signiifcant scenic spots such as plaque and tablet inscriptions, Jiuqu bridge and Huxin Pavilion. Here you can enjoy tea, play chess, or browse the scenery. You can walk around the bridge and change the scenery.

--There are many shops and snack stalls here. You can go shopping while eating.

- Yu Garden belongs to a general name, which is divided into the garden part and the outer part that need to buy tickets.

Yu Garden

Yu Garden (Yu Garden) is located in the northeastern part of old Chengxiang, Shanghai, north by blessing Road, facing Anren street in the East, and adjacent to Shanghai Old City God Temple in Shanghai.

It is a classical garden in the south of the Yangtze River. It was built in the Jiajing and Wanli periods of the Ming Dynasty, covering an area of more than 30 mu.

In the park, there are three famous stones of the south of the Yangtze River called the jade Linglong, the command point of the 1853 knives' uprising, the spring hall, and the tourist attractions of Town God's Temple and shopping street on the side of the park.

Yu Garden began to open to the public in 1961. In 1982, it was listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit by the State Council.

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Historical evolution

Yu Garden was originally a private garden in the Ming Dynasty. It was built in the Ming Dynasty. It has been over four hundred years since 2015.

Pan yunduan, the governor of Sichuan Province, built a garden on several vegetable fields in the west of shichuntang, the pan family's residence, since 1559. After more than twenty years of painstaking efforts, Yu Garden has been built. "Yu" has the meaning of "peace" and "Antai". It is named "Yu Garden" and has the meaning of "Yuyue old relatives".

At that time, the Yu Garden was over 70 acres, designed by Zhang Nanyang, a famous gardener in Ming Dynasty, and personally involved in the construction. The ancients praised Yu Garden "Qi Xiu Jia in Southeast" and "southeast famous garden crown".

Pan yunduan's family declined in his later years. Pan yunduan died in 1601 (the 29th year of the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty), and his family gradually declined, unable to bear the huge expenses of garden repair and management. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Yu Garden was made for Zhang Zhaolin. From then to 1760 (twenty-five years of Qianlong emperor), in order not to annihilate this scenic spot, some local gentry merchants gathered money to buy Yu Garden, and spent more than twenty years to rebuild the terrace and build the mountain stone. At that time, the East Garden in Town God's Temple was East, that is, today's inner garden, and the Yu Garden was slightly West.

In 1842, twenty-two years ago, the first Opium War broke out, and foreign invaders invaded Shanghai. The British army took over the Yu Garden and ravaged it. In 1853, in response to the Taiping Revolution, Shanghai Xiaodao Society launched an uprising in Shanghai. After the uprising failed, the Qing soldiers burned and looted in the city, and the Yu Garden was severely damaged. The buildings such as the spring hall, the fragrant snow hall, the osmanthus flower hall, the moon house and so on were all on fire.

In 1860 (ten years of Qing Xianfeng), the Taiping Army marched into Shanghai. The Manchu government colluded with the British and French invaders, took Town God's Temple and Yu Garden as a garrison outside the army, excavated stones and filled pools in the garden, and built western style military houses.

After 1875, the whole garden was divided into more than 20 industrial and commercial industries in Shanghai, such as bean and rice industry, sugar industry, cloth industry and so on. On the eve of liberation, the Yu Garden pavilions were dilapidated, the rockery collapsed, the pool dried up, the trees withered, and the old landscapes were gradually annihilated.

Since 1956, Yu Garden has carried out a large-scale renovation, which lasted for five years and opened to the public in September 1961.

In 1959, Yu Garden was listed as a municipal cultural relic protection unit.

In 1961, Yu Garden began to open to the public.

In February 1982, the Yu Garden was promulgated by the State Council as the national key cultural relics protection unit.

Location context

Yu Garden (Yu Garden) is located in the northeast of Chengxiang, Huangpu District, Shanghai. It is located on the North Road, Fu Road, Anren Street East, southwest and old city god temple, Yu Garden shopping mall. It covers an area of more than 20000 square meters (about 30 mu), and its house number is 218 Anren street.

architectural composition

There are Guangzhou Yu Garden pavilions, terraces and open halls, the buildings of the moon, the jade Linglong, the jade water Gallery, the listening Pavilion, the Han Bi Lou, the inner garden, the ancient stage, the pavilion and the more than 40 ancient buildings such as rockery and pond. Sansui hall is located at the front gate of Yu Garden, and was built in twenty-five years. It used to be leshoutang. In the early Qing Dynasty, it was expropriated as the office of Shanghai county government. When it was rebuilt into Xiyuan, it was rebuilt as Sansui hall.

Yangshantang and quanyulou are located behind Sansui hall, facing the rockery across the pool. It was built in 1866. The ground floor is called Yangshan hall, and the upper floor is Juan Yu Lou. There are five couplets in Yangshan hall, behind which there are cloisters, curved sills and pools for a rest. Looking at the big fake mountain scenery, you can learn from the reflection in the pool.

Cuixiu hall is located under the Northeast cliff of the grand rockery. It was built in 1760 and completed in 1760. Yifang is outside the east wall of cuixiu hall, commonly known as boat hall. After the Ming Dynasty, stone boats were often built near the water in Jiangnan gardens to enjoy the moon. However, it was rare to build boats directly on land. The fish Pavilion is over the stream, near the mountain and the water. On the stream, a pile of water resisting walls is built. There are leaky windows on the wall and a half hole under the wall. Water flows from the hole. Here, the ingenious way of extending the space in the garden is used. Visitors here have no idea where is the end. Dianchun hall was built by Fujian sugar merchants in the early years of Daoguang (1820) in the Qing Dynasty. It was used as a public office. There were five of them.

The central scenic spot of Yu Garden is the moon tower and Qi algae hall. Deyue building is located in yuhuatang and yulinglong West, facing water on both sides. It was built in the 25th year of Qianlong reign of Qing Dynasty, and is named after the meaning of "the tower near water gets the moon first". Deyue building is a two-story building with exquisite architecture. Qizao hall is located at the downstairs of Deyue. It is famous for "water waves are like Qi, algae are colorful". Under the eaves of the hall, there are 100 woodcarving "Shou" characters with different fonts, which are called "Bai Shou Tu", full of national characteristics. On the patio in front of the hall, there is a plaque: "renjinghutian", and on the left wall is a brick carving of Guanghan palace in Qing Dynasty. Zhiting is located in the middle of the west corridor between qizaotang and hehualou, facing the pavilion in the center of the lake and Jiuqu bridge, and facing the brick carvings of Wulaofeng and Yuefu. The pavilion is separated from the corridor by a fan. The fan skirt board is engraved with the painting of ploughing and weaving. Huanyun rockery is located in the north of deyuelou. The library, also known as the painting and calligraphy building, is located on the opposite side of Deyue building. It was built in the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty and was once a famous painting and calligraphy city in the late Qing Dynasty.

The South Ring Bridge in the south of the Yu Garden is the inner garden of the "shrine, a famous garden in the north, and a temple in the East." When the Yu Garden was restored in 1956, the garden was built in the garden. The inner garden covers an area of only over 2 mu, but it is very exquisite. It has a complete set of pavilions, pavilions, clay sculptures and brick carvings, famous trees and ancient trees, and Shifeng small bridges.

Jingguan hall, also known as "Qingxue hall", is the main hall in the inner garden. It has carved buildings and painted beams. It is high and open. The hall is 5 rooms wide and 3 rooms deep. There are two stone lions in front of the hall and two gold plaques in the hall. The pavilion stands on the rockery in the east of Guantao tower. It is a double-layer pavilion with stone tables and benches at the bottom. The surrounding trees are green. Inside the pavilion, a plaque was inscribed with the name of "Ling Mu PI Fang". Located in the east of Jingguan hall, the small square hall is exquisite and quiet, especially cool in hot summer. In front of the hall, there is a brick carving "the painting of Guo Ziyi's birthday", next to the clay dragon wall, the Phoenix Pavilion of "Dongtianfudi" in the north, and "bieyoutian" in the south. On the wall, there are stone tablets such as "records of rebuilding inner garden", recording the history of inner garden. Jiulong pool is located in the southeast of Neiyuan Jingguan hall. It is built with lake stones. There are four stone taps hidden between the East and west walls. The reflection in the water is also four taps. In addition, the shape of the pool is like a dragon, so it is called Jiulong pool. Located in the south of Neiyuan, the ancient stage was built in the late Qing Dynasty. It was originally built in Shanghai Beiqian office in Zhabei. It was moved here in 1974 and opened to the public in September 1988 after renovation and addition. On the front of the stage, there are many woodcarving patterns, such as lion, Phoenix, dragon and pearl, characters, etc.

Ji Yu Shui Gallery, Ji Yu Feng jade water Gallery relies on the east wall of Yu Garden, facing the Qu Chi, and Yu Yu Feng stands in the corridor. Ji Yu Feng exquisitely carved, originally in the garden, moved to Yu Garden in 1956. The view hall, the nine lions hall will be located in the center of Yu Garden, and the scenery of the garden will be visible. The nine lion hare is in the northwest of the Hui King building. When it rebuilt Yu Garden in 1959, it demolished the house, chisel pool stone, pool north building Xuan, the "nine lion hare", the front platform of Xuan, and could enjoy the lotus in the pool.

Green layout

The green layout of the Yu Garden is reasonable, and the plants are properly arranged and arranged at a distinct level. There are more than 670 trees and shrubs in the garden, and about half of them are evergreen and half are deciduous. There are 27 ancient and famous trees, including 20 over 100 years old, 5 over 200 years old and 2 over 300 years old. In front of wanhualou, an ancient ginkgo tree is more than 430 years old. It is 26 meters high and 13.8 meters wide, standing like a giant.

In front of the Jingguan hall, there is a Pinus bungeana tree, 6.2 meters high, 7.2 meters in crown, more than 200 years old. There is an old Wisteria tree on the south side of Yule Pavilion. It is 4.2 meters high and more than 300 years old. There is a purple pergola outside the wall. Ginkgo biloba, Ligustrum lucidum, Magnolia grandiflora, Magnolia grandiflora, Lagerstroemia indica, Euonymus japonicus, Pinus bungeana, Pinus Podocarpus, Osmanthus fragrans, camellia, camellia, Cinnamomum camphora, etc. are planted around pavilions, platforms, buildings, pavilions, halls, halls and pavilions

Chinese PinYin : Yu Yuan