Bamianshan

Bamianshan used to be a place where bandits were stationed. There are countless caves, large and small, which are unfathomable. There are many scenic spots, such as Swallow Cave, zishengqiao, dayankou, Qingtianping and so on. Bamianshan has a high elevation, known as the "roof of Western Hunan". It's very beautiful to see the sunrise at the top of the mountain at more than 5 a.m. Climbing through nearly 20 kilometers of mountain road, every morning only 15 yuan bus up the mountain, in the afternoon can only spend 150 yuan charter up the mountain. The road on the mountain is steep. You can only see the cave in the deep part of the mountain. Even the local people will be very careful when walking near the cliff near the entrance. You must pay attention to safety here.

Bamianshan

Bamianshan (mountain range) in Chenzhou City, Hunan Province is located in the northwest of Guidong County, the east of Zixing City and the southwest of Yanling County, with the main body in Guidong County and the Northeast southwest trend. It is the smallest of the four components of the Luoxiao mountains and has received little attention. However, on the topographic map of Jiangxi Province, wanyang mountain and Bamianshan are independent and roughly connected. To the south of it is Zhuguang mountain.

Narrow sense and broad sense: Bamianshan in the narrow sense is xiaobamianshan. In Guidong County, Bamianshan in the broad sense is a mountain range, which is a subordinate unit of Luoxiao mountain range. To prevent misunderstanding: Bamianshan is a mountain range, including a number of mountains. Shiniuxian, the main peak, was in Guidong County and marked Bamianshan on the map, which led some people to mistakenly think that Bamianshan was only in Guidong County.

The hinterland of Bamian Mountain (xiaobamian mountain) has eight sides, which is named after it. There is an old saying that "Bamian Mountain is three feet away from the sky, people have to bow their heads when they pass, and horses have to go to the saddle; a line of ape road is as dangerous as a Sichuan Road.". The main peak, shiniuxian, is 2042 meters above sea level, the second highest mountain in Hunan Province. The name of Bamianshan is marked on the map.

Boundary: it is bounded with wanyang mountain in the middle of Yanling County and Zhuguang mountain in the southeast of Guidong County.

Bamianshan Nature Reserve in Hunan Province is one of the South China tiger reserves.

Narrow sense and broad sense

Bamianshan in the narrow sense is called xiaobamianshan. In Guidong County, Bamianshan in the broad sense is a mountain range, which is a subordinate unit of Luoxiao mountain range. Similar: xiaomufu mountain is in Pingjiang County, while damufu mountain is a larger mountain range.

To prevent misunderstanding: Bamianshan is a mountain range, including a number of mountains. Shiniuxian, the main peak, was in Guidong County and marked Bamianshan on the map, which led some people to mistakenly think that Bamianshan was only in Guidong County.

Natural Reserve

In China, there are two famous scenic spots named Bamianshan. One is the Bamianshan (mountain range) series, which belongs to the branch of Luoxiao mountains. The Northeast southwest trend is in the southwest of Yanling County, which is located in Qingyao town on the eastern border of Zixing city. To the East is Guidong County, and the main body is in the West and north of Guidong County, which is the natural barrier of Guidong, Zixing and Rucheng. The mountain is undulating, the valley is vertical and horizontal, the average slope is about 35 degrees, the mountain road is steep and difficult to walk, the ancient folk saying "Bamianshan, three feet from the sky, people have to bow, horses have to saddle.". The main peak is 2042.1m above sea level, the second highest mountain in Hunan Province. In the mountain section of 1000-1500m above sea level, there are mainly 2 m shrubs, and above 1500m there are mainly meadows.

The other is Bamianshan in Dongyang City, Zhejiang Province.

Basic introduction

Bamianshan, located in Guidong County, Hunan Province, is the smallest of the four constituent units of Luoxiao mountain range and has received little attention (there is the famous Jinggang Mountain in the wanyang mountain range in the North). Some maps have no names, but on the topographic map of Jiangxi Province, wanyang mountain Bamianshan and wanyang mountain are independent and roughly connected. It is Zhuguang mountain range in the south. The name of Bamianshan and its main peak (shiniuxian) on the map is the same, because its main peak is not well-known.

Boundary: it is bounded with wanyang mountain in the middle of Yanling County and Zhuguang mountain in the southeast of Guidong County.

Bamianshan nature reserve is located in the southeast of Hunan Province and the west of Guidong County. It is located in the middle and south section of Luoxiao mountain range and the north end of Nanling Mountain range. Its geographical coordinates are 113 ° 37 ′ 39 ″ - 113 ° 50 ′ 08 ″ e, 25 ° 54 ′ 02 ″ - 26 ° 06 ′ 59 ″ n, 24 km long from north to South and 21 km wide from east to west. There are more than 1600 peaks with an altitude of more than 1000 meters. The highest altitude is 2052 meters (shiniuxian) and the lowest altitude is 860 meters (at the exit of the estuary of jiangnaoli), covering a total area of 10974 hectares. Jiangxi Ganzhou in the East, Danxia Mountain and Mang Mountain in the south, Dongjiang Lake in the west, Yandi mausoleum and Jinggangshan in the north, 76 kilometers away from Guidong County. With an altitude of 824 meters, Guidong county ranks first in the whole province. It has no severe cold in winter and no severe heat in summer. It is known as "natural air conditioning" and "the second spring city". Bamianshan has a better climate and unique scenery.

There are three thousand year old roads in Bamianshan nature reserve. From Sidu to chizhuyuan and Qingshi in Zixing through jinyinpu, xiaoshuxi and jiangnaoli, the road is 40 km long. The roadside is full of ancient trees, jagged rocks and steep terrain. Pedestrians regard it as a dangerous road.

Historical legend

Bamianshan is a holy land of revolution and an ideal place to receive revolutionary traditional education. In 1928, after Chairman Mao promulgated "three major disciplines · six points of attention" at the Longevity Palace in Shatin, Eastern Guangxi, he camped in Sidu via Bamianshan and sowed the revolutionary fire. Taoliao in Bamian Mountain area is known as "Red Army Village". In 1928, 17 young people from more than 60 people in 19 families of the village joined the Red Army. In 1934, the first Soviet regime in Hunan Province was established after the long march of the Red Army. In 1936, the Committee Department of the western mountain area of the Communist Party of China was set up here. 46 people in the village gave their lives to the revolution. From 1934 to 1949, the revolutionary struggle in Bamianshan was continuous, and the 359 brigade returned to the camp from the south. In 1934, the fourth independent regiment of the Red Army blocked and led the enemy in Bamianshan, covering shauke and Ren Bishi Commanding the sixth Red Army to the north, Wang Zhen once annihilated the Fifth Corps of the ninth Kuomintang war zone at Bamianshan. During the Anti Japanese War, the US Air Force's Flying Tigers crashed into Bamianshan in the battle with enemy planes.

It is said that in ancient times, several scholars took this road to the provincial government for exams. In order to relieve the fatigue of the journey, they made an appointment to recite a poem every ten miles: "ten high dragon immortals, twenty bull markets smoke; thirty troughs go through the valley, forty green hills do not see the sky; fifty dragon dregs and water are Miaomiao, sixty Miao Gong go to the sky..." What is described in the poem is the scene on the ancient road at that time. The writer has long passed away, and the poems and ballads are still handed down from mouth to mouth among the people.

After the completion of national highway 106 in 1957, the road was mostly buried in the grass and wilderness, which is now difficult to verify.

Geological movement

Formation of geomorphic pattern

The formation of geomorphic pattern in Bamianshan nature reserve is the result of a long geological history under the joint action of internal and external forces. It is controlled and controlled by the crustal movement, geological structure, rock properties and external forces in the region. During the geological period, it is located in the area where the East-West structural belt of Nanling mountains and the North-South structural belt of Luoxiao mountains interfere with each other, cross each other and overlap with each other; it mainly includes the historical movements of Lidong, Indosinian and Yanshan neotectonics. It was an ocean in the four system geological and geological history period from Sinian to Silurian. It was located in the margin of the "Cathaysian ancient land" in central Hunan and Southeast Hunan. At the end of Silurian, Caledonian orogeny resulted in the sea water retreating and uplifting into a continent. It shows a large area of upward movement. The Indosinian movement at the end of the Middle Triassic was characterized by intense compression, resulting in a 45 km long S-shaped spiral structure in the Shuikou Bamianshan area. The Yanshanian movement occurred at the end of Middle Jurassic, which was characterized by obvious fault block movement and formed nearly north-south fold mountains.

Geomorphological features

Bamianshan is a middle mountain landform dominated by longitudinal valleys and ridges, with the lowest elevation of 860 meters and the highest main peak of 2043 meters. Towering mountains, majestic momentum, mountain ranges, vast forest, known as "three feet from the sky, people have to bow, horses have to saddle.". In the poem "crossing Bamianshan" written by Hong Zhong, the magistrate of Guidong County in the Qing Dynasty, it is described as follows: "the cliffs are full of ghosts and axes, and the bird path is not full of feet. To drive away the strange stones and open the door, Qiyou naturally relies on the blue sky. A peak does not cross a peak, the sky into the abyss heart. Hungry eagles kiss in the day, and pitiful apes sing in the night. If you can't travel in your life, I doubt that you will open up the chaos. The five mountains in my heart are magnificent, so how can I praise them. A hundred Li Lei Feng Wan wat mountain, green and yellow ribbon between white clouds. I hope the five capitals are full of customs, people's hearts and people's faces are not as frail as this mountain. " The astonishment, danger and wonder of Bamianshan can be seen from this.

After the Yanshanian movement, the tectonic movement uplifted and denuded and leveled intermittently, resulting in five levels of denudation and planation surface above 1000 meters above sea level, forming the rudiment of Bamianshan "H" shape landform. The neotectonic movement started in the late Tertiary inherited the characteristics of Yanshan movement, continued to rise fault blocks, and showed intermittent and different characteristics, which made the five level denudation surface above 1000 meters above sea level rise to the height and presented the basic outline of landform. Due to the influence of external forces such as surface water, weathering and gravity, the geomorphic features of modern Bamian mountains and valleys are formed.

natural landscape

Dangerous rocks

Ice flower of Bamianshan

Due to the strong geological movement, the main peak of Bamianshan is on eight sides of cliffs, with dangerous rocks and ravines, forming natural landscapes with great ornamental value, such as jixinshi, jinjijiaotianmen, Tiangong Shenyin, xianniutengyun, tongluoquan and xiaoshilin. The area has a pleasant climate, a quiet and elegant ecological environment, rich in animal and plant resources, and various ancient trees, exotic animals, rare birds and qihuayao

Chinese PinYin : Ba Mian Shan