Dongshuiguan Heritage Park

Dongshuiguan

synonym

Dongshuiguan Heritage Park generally refers to dongshuiguan (dongshuiguan, Qinhuai District, Nanjing)

Dongshuiguan is one of the two Ming Dynasty water gates in Nanjing Ming city wall. Opposite to xishuiguan, it is located on the west side of Tongjimen bridge, Longpan Middle Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing city. It is located in the Qinhuai scenery belt of Confucius Temple. It is the entrance of Qinhuai River into Nanjing city and the only lock entrance of Nanjing city wall. It is the largest water gate preserved in ancient Nanjing. Dongshuiguan, formerly known as shangshuimen, was first built in the period of Yang Wu's construction of the city. It was expanded on this basis when the Ming dynasty built the Ming city wall. In the 1960s, it was demolished due to the demolition of the city.

Dongshuiguan is a brick and stone structure, with three layers, each layer has 11 coupons, a total of 33 coupons. The coupons are also known as "Yanyue cave". In ancient times, the upper two layers were equipped with soldiers guarding the city and stored materials, the bottom layer was used to regulate the water level and flood control of the Inner Qinhuai River, and the iron fence in the middle was used to prevent the enemy from sneaking attack from the waterway. Dongshuiguan integrates Shuiguan building with city wall building, which is rarely seen in the history of Chinese architecture.

Historical evolution

Dongshuiguan has a long history. It used to be an important transportation hub of the ancient Qinhuai River, the entrance of Qinhuai River into Nanjing City, and the only lock entrance of Nanjing Ming city wall. Therefore, dongshuiguan naturally became the "leader" of Qinhuai River.

The earliest history of dongshuiguan can be traced back to the period of the Three Kingdoms. Sun Quan of the eastern Wu Dynasty excavated a canal here to divert water into the city.

During the Six Dynasties, dongshuiguan was the transportation hub leading to Zhejiang and Suzhou. Merchants from south to North gathered at dongshuiguan to do business here.

During the period of Yang Wu's city construction, Dongshuitou was built, formerly known as shangshuimen.

In 932, Xu Zhigao, the official of Jinling City, ordered the expansion of Jinling City. Jinling City became a big city with the highest strength in the world. Dongshuiguan was built in this expansion.

In the early Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of Ming Dynasty, built Nanjing city and expanded it on the original basis. In order to control the water level of Qinhuai River, it was carefully set up with a large gate, which was called "Tongxin dam".

Today's dongshuiguan is no longer prosperous and popular in the past, but it stands in the east of Qinhuai River within ten li with its majestic momentum.

Construction scale

Dongshuiguan was built into Tongji Shuiguan "Yanyue cave". There are three layers of Shuiguan, 11 coupons in each layer, 33 coupons in total, 11 coupons in the lower layer for water supply, 22 coupons in the upper and middle layers for grain storage, and 22 coupons in the middle and lower layers.

Function

Dongshuiguan is the largest one preserved in ancient Nanjing. It is an important water conservancy facility. Just like the wumiao gate, which was built at the same time on the Hunan side of Xuanwu, it is still playing a role.

Dongshuiguan is actually a water and land gate used to regulate the Qinhuai River. The Qinhuai River is divided into two when it flows here. One flows along the outer side of the city wall to become a moat, and the other flows through the pass into the city, which is the Qinhuai River within ten li. Therefore, the old Nanjing people also called dongshuiguan "Dongguantou" or "shangshuiguan". For thousands of years, the Qinhuai River, which flows through here, has not only helped the people on both sides of the Strait, but also brought out the Qinhuai culture.

Zhu Yuanzhang built Shuiguan for two purposes: first, to bring water into the city for the army and the people to drink and wash, and second, to prevent floods. Because Nanjing is a city with many floods in history. In less than 300 years from 261 to 533, Nanjing city was flooded 43 times. In the Ming Dynasty, the flood in Nanjing remained the same. Once, the flood flooded the imperial forbidden area of Ming Xiaoling, and uprooted and washed away more than ten thousand trees that were forbidden to be cut by the people there. Therefore, dongshuiguan experienced several major repairs in the Ming Dynasty, which laid a solid foundation for its work.

Dongshuiguan is named because it is located in the east of the city. There is no lack of rich historical and cultural deposits. It is from dongshuiguan that the prosperous Inner Qinhuai River, which gave birth to the ten mile Qinhuai River, began. Through dongshuiguan, the river flows through all dynasties, leaving countless poems and historical allusions, all of which enrich the history of the ancient city of Nanjing. Dongshuiguan is built by the ancient Ming City bricks, each of which is engraved with the atmosphere of the era when it was achieved.

Heritage Park

The restoration project of dongshuiguan Heritage Park is one of the key projects of Nanjing municipal government in 2001. The park covers an area of 4.15 hectares, including 2.6 hectares of land and 1.55 hectares of water. The restoration project fully reflects the characteristics of Qinhuai ancient capital. Dongshuiguan is only half a mile away from Nanjing Confucius Temple, but there is no noise of the city. There are many tranquil old Huai trees; the simple memorial archway of Qinhuai Wonderland is engraved with couplets written by Zhu Yuanzhang and Yue Chenxi; Yu Huaicao Pavilion stands beside dongshuiguan, in which there is a long volume of stone carving "Qinhuai lantern boat song" with strong cultural charm in the late Ming Dynasty, and its large sections of colorful characters depict the night scene of Qinhuai, which makes people feel immersive. Dongshuiguan site park is a collection of "ancient" in one, with "ancient bridge, ancient river, ancient wall, ancient gate" four ancient.

"Ancient bridge" refers to the ancient Jiulong bridge, which was built in the early Ming Dynasty. The bridge is 84 meters long and 13 meters wide. In ancient times, it was the throat of Nanjing city from Tongji gate. In order to consolidate the Ming Dynasty and prosper the Ming Dynasty's economy, Zhu Yuanzhang built a bridge on the main road from Tongji gate to Nanjing city. Because it is located at the intersection of the inner and outer Qinhuai rivers, Zhu Yuanzhang named the bridge "Jiulong bridge" to "lock" the fengshui of the Ming Dynasty, hoping to keep the grand foundation of the Ming Dynasty from generation to generation. During the Qing Dynasty, when Kangxi and Qianlong visited Jiangnan, they all entered Nanjing city from Jiulong bridge. When dongshuiguan was restored in 2001, the foundation of the Jiulong bridge was retained. Large pieces of bluestone were re paved on the bridge deck, and 80 lotus colored stone railings were inlaid on both sides of the bridge. Four carved stone drums were installed at both ends of the bridge. Nearly 4000 tons of stone were used for the whole bridge. The foundation of the bridge did not move at all. It can be seen that the ancients had superb bridge building skills. Today's ancient Jiulong bridge has gone beyond the historical scene. When the sun shines on the ancient bridge in the evening, the ancient bridge is like wearing colorful clothes, giving people a feeling of auspiciousness and auspiciousness.

"Ancient river" refers to the Qinhuai River, which records the vicissitudes of life in Nanjing city for thousands of years and witnesses the changes of historical dynasties. Only the Qinhuai River is still flowing. Dongshuiguan is the intersection of Inner Qinhuai River and outer Qinhuai River. One of the functions of dongshuiguan is to keep the water level of Inner Qinhuai River higher than that of outer Qinhuai River.

"Ancient wall" refers to the Ming Dynasty city wall of Nanjing, which has a history of 600 or 700 years. Standing at the top of the wall of dongshuiguan ruins, you can have a bird's-eye view of the panoramic view of Shuiguan. You can have a panoramic view of the magnificent scenery of dongshuiguan. You can have a panoramic view of today's prosperity of Nanjing and the majestic momentum of dongshuiguan.

"Ancient gate" refers to the upper gate and the lower gate. The lower gate was built in the Qing Dynasty to regulate the water level difference between the inner and outer Qinhuai River. In the Republic of China, the upper gate was built to facilitate transport. Although no ships were transported by it, the two white gates, with their unique scenery, stand at the intersection of the inner and outer Qinhuai River, giving people a strange sense of nostalgia.

Address: Dongguantou Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing

Longitude: 118.799700737

Latitude: 32.021953141163

Chinese PinYin : Dong Shui Guan Yi Zhi Gong Yuan