Baiyun temple

It is one of the ten great jungle temples of Quanzhen Taoism. Located in Beijing. Built in the Tang Dynasty, it is famous for its long history. During the reign of emperor Shizong of the Jin Dynasty, it was enlarged and renamed as the ten square grand temple of heaven. It was the largest forest of Taoism in northern China at that time, and it contained the treasure of the great Jin xuandu. The Jin Dynasty was destroyed by fire and later rebuilt as Taiji hall.

Baiyun temple

Baiyunguan is located in Baiyunguan street, xibianmenwai, Xicheng District, Beijing. Built in the Tang Dynasty, it is the holy land for Emperor Xuanzong to worship Laozi. During the reign of emperor Shizong of the Jin Dynasty, the temple was enlarged and renamed as the ten square grand temple of heaven. At the end of the Jin Dynasty, it was rebuilt as the Taiji palace.

There are a large number of precious cultural relics in baiyun temple, the most famous of which are "three treasures": Zhengtong daozang (Ming edition), sitting statue of Laozi (Tang Dynasty), stone carving of Songxue Daodejing (Songxue Daodejing) and additional carving of Yinfu Jing (Yinfu Jing) by Zhao Mengfu, a calligrapher of Yuan Dynasty.

Historical evolution

Baiyun temple was first built in the 26th year of Kaiyuan (739) of Tang Dynasty. It was originally named Tianchang temple in the third year of jinmingchang (1192). It was rebuilt and renamed Taiji palace. In the third year of jintaihe (1203), Taiji palace was destroyed by fire.

At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Qiu Chuji, a true person of Quanzhen School of Taoism, was stationed in Taiji palace under the edict of Genghis Khan, the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, to take charge of Taoism in the whole country, so he renamed Changchun palace as the center of Taoism in northern China.

Qiu Chuji died in 1227, the fourth year of Jin Zhengda's reign. His disciple Yin Zhiping built a Taoist temple in the east of Changchun palace, named Baiyunguan.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Changchun palace and other buildings were destroyed by the war, and baiyun temple remained alone.

In the 27th year of Hongwu (1394) of Ming Dynasty, the second Hall and some ancillary buildings were rebuilt before and after the reconstruction. In the Zhengtong period, the large-scale reconstruction and additional construction made the regulation of Guanzhi more perfect. In the eighth year of Zhengtong in the Ming Dynasty (1443), baiyun temple was officially granted. At the end of Ming Dynasty, baiyun temple was destroyed by fire.

In the 45th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1706), it was rebuilt and expanded on a large scale on the basis of the original. The overall layout and main palace regulations of baiyun temple were formed at this time. Later, during the reign of Emperor Qianlong and Emperor Guangxu, there were repairs and a few additional buildings.

During the period of the Republic of China, most of the buildings in Guannei were dilapidated.

After liberation, the government allocated funds for renovation in 1956 and designated it as the site of China Taoist Association in 1957.

During the "Cultural Revolution", baiyun temple was damaged again. In 1981, it was fully renovated and opened to the outside world.

In 1979, Baiyunguan was announced as a cultural relic protection unit in Beijing.

On June 25, 2001, Baiyunguan, as an ancient building of the Qing Dynasty, was approved by the State Council to be listed in the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

architectural composition

Baiyun temple is located in the north and faces the south. It is divided into four parts: Middle Road, East Road, West Road and backyard. It covers an area of more than 1 hectare.

The main halls are located on the central axis, including the mountain gate, Lingguan hall, Yuhuang hall, Laolu hall, Qiuzu hall, Sanqing Pavilion and other buildings. The auxiliary hall and veranda are on both sides of the central axis.

The front end of the magic road in front of the mountain gate is the Lingxing gate, which is a wooden arch with four columns and seven floors. There is a forehead in front and back of the main building, with the words "Dongtian Shengjing" in the front and "qionglin langyuan" in the back. The gate was built in the Ming Dynasty, with three wide faces. It has a single eaves and glazed tile top. It is carved with white marble and arched stone gate. Under the eaves, there is a book "building baiyun temple". In front of the gate are stone lions, Huabiao and other objects. There is a brick screen wall outside the gate of Lingxing, and the glass carving brick with the word "eternal Changchun" is embedded in the center of the wall.

Inside the mountain gate is the Lingguan hall, which was originally the four marshals hall. The hall is three rooms wide and one room deep. There is a statue of Wang Lingguan in it. There are bell and drum towers on the East and west sides of Lingguan hall, which are square two-story buildings, Drum Tower in the East and bell tower in the west, opposite to other temples. Later is the Jade Emperor's hall, which is located on the high "convex" shaped platform. The hall is five rooms wide, three front platforms, and the top of the gray tube tile. The hall is for the statue of the Jade Emperor. The bronze statues cast in the Wanli period on both sides are moved from other places. Laolu hall, formerly known as Qizhen hall, is located behind the Jade Emperor hall and is the main place for Taoist religious activities in the temple. The hall is three rooms wide, and the building is connected with the platform. In the hall, there are statues of the seven disciples of Wang Chongyang, the founder of Quanzhen Taoism. Qiu Chuji is in the middle. On the main beam of the hall, there is a horizontal plaque of "Langjian Zhenting" written by Kangxi Emperor. On the right side of the platform outside the hall stands a bronze mule riding. It was originally the object of Dongyue Temple, but later moved here.

Qiuzu hall is the front building of the old law hall. It was built in 1128, the fifth year of Jin Zhengda. It was named chushun hall. It was changed to Zhenji hall in Kangxi of Qing Dynasty. It was changed to today's name in 1780. It is a hall for the descendants of quanzhenlong sect to worship Qiu Chuji. The hall is three rooms wide, and the top of huitongwa hill. In the hall, there are statues of Qiu Zhenren and two Wai, with gall bowls placed on stone seats It is said to be a relic of the Song Dynasty and a gift from Emperor Qianlong.

Sanqing Pavilion and Siyu hall are the main rooms of the courtyard composed of Qiuzu hall. They have two floors, Sanqing Pavilion on the top and Siyu hall on the bottom. They have five wide faces and a front porch. They are the top buildings at the north end of Baiyunguan middle road. Sanqing Pavilion is dedicated to the highest Taoist God, the original God of Yuqing, the God of Lingbao of Shangqing, and the God of morality of Taiqing. The four imperial halls are dedicated to the four great emperors of heaven and God. The two sides of the pavilion are connected by corner wing buildings, and the East is the Sutra collection building. The original collection contains the Ming orthodox daozang and Wanli xudaozang, which were later handed over to Beijing Library. The West Wing tower is Chaotian tower or Wangyue tower. Behind Sanqing Pavilion is Yunji garden, which is the backyard of baiyun temple and the northernmost building of baiyun temple. Yunji garden was built in 1887. The main buildings in the garden are Jietai and Yunji mountain house. In addition, there are Yunhua fairy hall, Youhe Pavilion, Miaoxiang Pavilion, retreat building and other buildings in the garden. The house of Yunji mountain is three rooms wide and surrounded by a corridor in the Zhou Dynasty. The platform is located in the South and north of the mountain, which is a place for preaching and receiving precepts. There are corridors on both sides and rockeries behind it. The layout of the whole backyard is exquisite and the scenery is beautiful.

Guandong Road, the original Antarctic hall, Zhenwu hall, fire temple, Zhaitang and other buildings, because of the early destruction of the statues, has been turned into squatters as a living area. East Road is still well preserved, built in Yongzheng years of luogong tower, octagonal tower three, brick and stone structure, exquisite carving, simple and solemn. On the West Road, there are luzu hall, Baxian hall, Yuanjun hall, Yuanchen hall, ancestral hall and so on. The ancestral hall is at the south end, where the abbots of baiyun temple are worshipped. Yuanjun hall, also known as Niangniang hall, was built in 1756 of Qianlong reign. It has three rooms in width, and the top of the mountain is resting. It is worshipped by Bixia Yuanjun in the middle. On the left and right sides of the hall are descendants' empress and eyesight's empress. On the left and right sides of the hall, there are two overhanging mountains, and under them are birth empress and heaven The statue of Hua Niang Niang, originally facing south, now facing north, is the only inverted hall in the temple; luzu hall, located in the west of Yuanjun hall, was built in 1808, which is an independent courtyard. The courtyard is divided into the front and back light halls, with three rooms on each side and veranda on both sides; the front hall is the eight immortals hall, and the eight immortals statues are made in the two mountains in the hall.

Passing through the eight immortals hall is luzu hall, a special hall dedicated to LV Dongbin. The hall has a green glazed tile roof, which is the only one in the temple. Yuanchen hall, also known as 60jiazi hall, is on the west side of Sanqing Pavilion. It is a place dedicated to worshiping 60jiazi Xingxiu statues. The hall is five rooms wide and on the top of a gray tile. The 60jiazi statues were originally destroyed during the cultural revolution. Now it was made up in 1984, and a new doulao statue was made in the central government.

Introduction to architecture

< I the above is from: < / I

Transportation guide

26. Get off at Baiyunguan on special 19, 80, 695, 717, 5 and 6, get off at Tianning Temple Bridge North on 3, 19, 42, 46, 662 and 691, and get off at Zhenwu Temple Sanli on 78. 9. 40, 47 Tianningsi bridge west get off

Address: 9 Baiyunguan street, Baiyun Road, Xicheng District, Beijing

Longitude: 116.34373474121

Latitude: 39.900253295898

Tel: 010-63443666

Chinese PinYin : Bai Yun Guan