Green Lake

Green Lake

Green Lake

Originally known as "caihaizi", it is also known as "jiulongchi" because there is a pool in the northeast of the lake. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, fan Chengxun, governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, and Wang Jiwen, governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, built Biyi Pavilion (commonly known as Haixin Pavilion) in the lake, which was full of water and trees.

In Tang Jiyao's time, there were East-West dykes and North-South dykes in the lake, which divided the lake into four parts: Haixin Pavilion in the lake, fish watching hall in the West and shuiyuexuan in the southeast. On the Bank of the green lake, there was a couplet of "ten Mu lotus fish world, half of the city willows caressing the tower", known as "Jasper in the city".

Practical information

Best travel time

It's suitable for all seasons. Summer to see the lotus, every winter groups of red headed gulls from Siberia to come here for the winter, the scene is very spectacular.

Safety tips

Yunnan tourism should pay attention to high altitude reaction, it is suggested to bring anti plateau products. Take bus No. 100, 101, 133, 235, Z5 and get off at Cuihu East Gate station.

Traffic information

Take bus No. 100, 101, 133, 235, Z5 and get off at Cuihu East Gate station.

Subway line 2 to Chuanxin Gulou station, walk about 1 km to the West. Take bus 85; 95; 100; 101; 119; 235; K14 to Yunnan Traditional Chinese medicine Gastroenterology Hospital Station, and walk about 600 meters to the West.

Main attractions

Cuihu lake is located in the West foot of Wuhua in Kunming City, which is the central tourist spot of the city. Because of its eight water green, four seasons bamboo green, spring and summer willow green, it is called "Green Lake"

”。 "Ten acres of lotus fish world, half of the city willows fuloutai", green lake is known as the "Emerald" inlaid in Kunming city. Before the Yuan Dynasty, the water level of Dianchi Lake was high. It also belonged to xiaohuwan outside the city, with many paddy fields, vegetable gardens and lotus ponds, so it was called "caihaizi". Li Zhuan's poem "a journey to the sea of vegetables" says: "the water in Kunming is 300 Li, and the sea of vegetables is integrated with it. Jiaolong grottoes, the kingdom of Han Dan.... " The spring water from Cuihu Lake flows directly into Dianchi Lake. Because there are nine springs in the north-east, confluence into a pool, also known as "Jiulong pool". In the early years of the Republic of China, it was converted into a garden with willows planted all over the garden and camellias planted in the lake.

The "Green Lake" covers an area of 21 hectares, with 15 hectares of water surface. Two long willow dikes meet in the center of the garden in the form of "+", dividing the whole lake into four parts. The North-South horizontal dyke is called "Ruan dyke", which was built by Ruan Yuan, governor of Yunnan Province, in the reign of Daoguang, imitating the beauty of "Su dyke" on the West Lake. The East-West vertical dyke is called "Tang dyke", which was built in the Republic of China. At the junction of the two levees is a small island in the center of the lake, with the pavilion in the center of the lake as the main axis, forming the central tourist area. Huxin Pavilion, also known as "Biyi Pavilion", has yellow eaves and two inner courtyards, which are the place for various exhibitions. On the west side of the pavilion are the Lianhua Buddhist temple and the free pond built in the Jiaqing period, which are the famous "haoshangguanyu". Now the Buddhist temple has become a recreation palace, and the free pond has become a water garden. In the northwest corner is laishuanglou, which has an ice rink. In the southwest corner is Huludao. In the southeast corner, there is a big garden connected by three peninsulas, which is called "shuiyuexuan". In the east corner, there are many flowers and trees There is a "Zhichun Pavilion" in the north corner, where people gather to sing folk songs every festival, which has a special taste. Today's beauty of green lake adds snow-white red headed gulls. From November of the first year to march of the next year, they fly here in groups from the far north to spend the winter. Once a year, they never stop. "Watching gulls in Cuihu Lake" has become one of the popular landscapes in Kunming.

position

Wuhua District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province

Development history

Mr. Fang Guoyu researched: "before the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the Dianchi lake bank was at the foot of the west block mountain, on its north, East and south sides, from Gaoyi village under bijiguan, through the south foot of xiajiayaotuan mountain under shangpuping village, miangou mountain, liangjiahe village, lingjiaotang, Panjiawan, Tuqiao, Guandu, Haiyan village, Jinsha village under Shizhai mountain, old school yard beside Kunyang City, to Haikou." (see Fang Guoyu's a general introduction to the biography of saidianchi in the history of the Yuan Dynasty)

In 1274, Sai Dianchi paid homage to Yunnan Province for the political affairs of Pingzhang. In the beginning of 1276, he said, "Kunming was blocked at the mouth of the pool, the water and the city, the fields were abandoned, the right way was blocked, and the government ordered Dali to patrol and persuade Zhang Lidao, the agricultural envoy, to pay 2000 servitude, which was successful in three years." This is the first time to dredge the Haikou water conservancy project.

"In the 21th year of Zhiyuan (1284), the state was reformed, and the county was the same as before. There are five hundred li of Kunming pool in the land. In summer, there will be a city outline. Zhang Lidao advised the farmers and envoys in Dali to ask for the spring to come out and drain the water. More than ten thousand hectares of land will be obtained, all of which are good farmland. ". (yuan history · geography · Yunnan Province) several large-scale water conservancy projects in Yuan Dynasty, the water level of Dianchi Lake dropped, and the green lake was separated from Dianchi Lake, which became a beautiful water of "qinghuixiuche". The lake water was "endless red and drought, native people planted Chiba in it", and the surrounding "vegetable garden was half", which was called caihaizi or cuihai. In the lake to the northeast of cuihai lake, there are nine spring eyes, which are called jiulongchi The water from Cuihu Lake flows into Dianchi Lake by river.

In 1381, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang of the Ming Dynasty ordered Fu Youde, Lan Yu, and Mu Ying to invade Yunnan. In the late Yuan Dynasty, the king of Yunnan, bazha, assassinated varmi and threw himself into Dianchi Lake. The Ming army pacified Yunnan. In 1383, Fu Youde and Lan Yu returned to Nanjing and Zhu Yuanzhang's adopted son, Xiping Hou muying, stayed in Yunnan. In 1386, muying built the brick city of Kunming and enclosed the green lake in the city. In 1390, muying imitated Zhou Yafu, a famous general of the Western Han Dynasty, and established "Liuying" on the West Bank of Cuihu lake. According to Yitong Zhi · Yunnan Zhi · mountains and rivers of the Qing Dynasty, "jiulongchi is located in Kunming County, and its vegetable garden occupies half of the county, so it is also called caihaizi. Ping is a paddy field, and the lotus pond is below. It runs along the right side of Wuhua, passes through the southwest of the city, converges on the Panlong River and reaches the Dianchi Lake. The Mu family of Ming Dynasty has a different business on it, which is called Liuying. " Muying loves horses and often watches horse washing by the Liuying river. Therefore, the river out of the city of Cuihu is called "Xima River". There is a poem about muying's horse washing in Liuying: "the willows are in full bloom, and the old man is brought here. The general wants to wash his armor, and the spirit of the horse will shine. " At the end of Qing Dynasty, Chen Rongchang also wrote a poem "washing horses in Liuying": "not in the city, but in Yafu camp. Fu Tochi new Jima, and fight the old soldiers. Wash all bones and swear to fight against turbulence. When Shenjun comes out of Dianchi Lake, the edge dust will be wiped out. "

On June 10, 1391, the 25th year of Hongwu, muying died at the age of 48. Muchun, the eldest son of muying, attacked the Marquis of Xiping. Therefore, Liuying in Cuihu lake was changed into a villa of Mu's family in the state of Guizhou. The Ming Dynasty inherited the Mu family, the Duke of Guizhou. The mansion is in today's Shengli hall. Liuying in Cuihu lake is "BIE Ye". Beside Caohai, near Huapu, there is "Xiyuan Shuiyun township".

In 1653, Liu Wenxiu, the king of Nan'an, returned to Yunnan. In 1656, Zhu Youlang, the Yongli emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty, entered Yunnan and granted Liu Wenxiu the title of "king of Shu". Liu Wenxiu regarded Mu's Liuying as "King's residence of Shu", also known as "Nanfu".

In 1658 (1898), Wu Sangui, the king of Pingxi, led the Qing army to attack Yunnan. In December, the three routes of the Qing army met in Qujing, and Zhu Youlang, the emperor of Yongli, fled West to Myanmar. In 1660, the Qing government ordered Wu Sangui to stay in Yunnan. Wu Sangui "Qimu's xunzhuang" was located in Yongli palace of Wuhua mountain, which was called "Pingxi Palace". In 1662, the first year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, Wu Sangui hanged emperor Yongli and his sons in the Jinchan temple at the West foot of Wuhua. Jinchan Temple slope is called "forced death slope". In 1664 of the third year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, Wu Sangui paid attention to "Liu Wenxiu's former residence, because of its narrow size", so he "filled half of the caihaizi and made it a new residence", "all the treasure halls in Liuying worshipped the platform", "the flowers and trees supported the sparse, and the cloisters built the stone". The stone railings of the new residence were all made of marble reliefs, which were extremely luxurious. In the Qing Dynasty, Li Zhuan's poem "a journey through the sea of vegetables" describes Wu Sangui's extravagant desire to build a new mansion: "it was only a few days since the Jiejia bow was removed, and he ordered the generals to build a palace. The Ming emperor was not satisfied with the journey, but he taught him to see Afang again. It's only a short time for the military to move mountains and reclaim the sea Where are the ten continents and three islands. In the golden house, the beautiful people are locked in the door, singing and dancing in the spring. Flowers and plants Pavilion fragrant Qingu, Wanyi moon night wine scale, is difficult to replace proud music, head of a bird as big as Luo... ".

In November of the 12th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1673), Wu Sangui held up the banner of "the whole world recruits Marshal Ma Da" against the Qing Dynasty, and Chen Bing fought in Hunan. In 1677, Wu Sangui defeated Dongting and retreated to Hengzhou. In March of 1678, the 17th year of Kangxi reign, Hengzhou was called emperor. The title of the state was "Zhou" and the title of the year was "Zhaowu". In August of the 17th year of Kangxi, Wu Sangui was ill in Hengzhou. He succeeded to the throne by Wu Shih and changed the Yuan Dynasty to Honghua. In the 18th year of Kangxi (1679), 140000 people and horses of Wu Shilin were annihilated in Hunan by the Qing army. In the following year, Wu Shixuan was defeated and retired from Yunnan. He lived in Cuihu new mansion and was renamed "Honghua mansion" with his chronological name. Outside the gate of Honghua mansion, there is a stone bridge across the Xima River, which is called "Honghua bridge". So far, the name of "Honghua bridge" still exists.

On October 28, 1681, the 20th year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, the Qing army "conquered Yunnan and entered its city", and "Honghua mansion" was later renamed "chenghuapu".

In 1688, fan Chengxun, the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, demolished the house of Wu in Honghua mansion. The wood and stone materials were used to rebuild Taihua temple in Xishan. So far, the marble relief railings of Honghua mansion have been preserved in front of the main hall and the ethereal building of Taihua temple. The thirty first year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty

Chinese PinYin : Cui Hu