Site of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China

The memorial hall at the site of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China is the residence of Li Shucheng, the elder brother of Li Hanjun, a Shanghai representative who attended the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China. It is a Shikumen style building. Here we can trace back to the history of the birth of the Communist Party of China and recall this great moment.

The memorial, built in 1952, consists of three parts: the conference room of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the exhibition room of the founding history of the Communist Party of China and the temporary exhibition room of revolutionary history. The conference room of "Yida" is located on the ground floor of 76 Xingye Road. The furniture and articles are displayed as they were in the same year. There are more than 170 historical documents, cultural relics and photos in the exhibition room created by the Communist Party of China. The contents on display are the historical background of the founding of the Communist Party of China, the emergence and activities of Communist groups in various places, and the birth of the Communist Party of China. The temporary exhibition room of revolutionary history has held exhibitions of historical materials of Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai in Shanghai.

Memorial Hall of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China

synonym

The site of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China generally refers to the memorial hall of the site of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China

The memorial hall of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China is the birthplace of the Communist Party of China. Located at No. 76 Xingye Road (formerly No. 106 Wangzhi Road), Shanghai, the meeting is an old Shikumen residential building with brick and wood structure on the first floor and the first floor, facing south. The first National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in the downstairs living room from July 23 to July 30, 1921.

The site of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China became a memorial hall after 1952 and was announced as a cultural relic protection unit in Shanghai on May 26, 1959. In 1961, it was listed as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council. In June 1997, it became a national patriotic education demonstration base. In September 2016, it was selected into the "first batch of Chinese 20th century architectural heritage" list.

In 2017, the number of visitors to the memorial reached 835000, setting a new record.

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Historical evolution

The house at the site of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China was built in the autumn of 1920. Shortly after its completion, Li Hanjun (one of the promoters of the Shanghai Communist group) and his brother Li Shucheng (one of the promoters of the United League) rented 106 and 108 Wangzhi road as their apartments. They broke through the inner walls of the two houses and became a family called "Li mansion".

On July 23, 1921, representatives of the early organizations of the Communist Party of China, including Li Da, Li Hanjun, Zhang Guotao, Liu Renjing, Mao Zedong, he Shuheng, Dong Biwu, Chen Tanqiu, Wang Jingmei, Deng Enming, Chen Gongbo, Zhou Fuhai, Bao huiseng and Ma Lin, representatives of the Communist International, gathered in secret at shudeli No. 3 (now No. 76, Xingye Road) in the French concession of Shanghai for a ceremony The first National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

In 1922, the Li brothers moved and retired, and the house was rented by other residents.

In 1924, it was rebuilt, with additional wing rooms and shops downstairs.

After the founding of new China, in order to welcome the 30th anniversary of the founding of the CPC, in September 1950, the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the CPC searched for the site of the first National Congress of the CPC according to the instructions of the Central Committee. After many investigations, many historical parties and witnesses such as Li Da, Dong Biwu, Bao huiseng and Mrs. Li Shucheng confirmed that 76 Xingye Road was the site of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

In March 1984, Deng Xiaoping inscribed the name of the memorial hall of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

In 1999, Jiang Zemin, then general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, wrote an inscription for the completion and opening up of the expansion project: "without the Communist Party, there would be no new China.".

In October 2018, it was rated as the national research and practice education base for primary and secondary school students.

Architectural pattern

The original building of the site of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China was built in the summer and autumn of 1920. It was built at the same time with four similar buildings on the left and right. It is a part of shudeli (now Lane 374, Huangpi South Road). It is a typical Shikumen style building in Shanghai. The exterior walls are crisscrossed with blue and red bricks, inlaid with white lines. The lintel is decorated with alum red carved flowers. The black painted gate is equipped with copper rings. The door frame is surrounded by Beige stone strips. The upper part of the lintel is decorated with arched plastic flowers.

The original building consists of 9 buildings in 2 rows, one up and one down, with brick and wood structure, facing south from north. A row of 5 houses in the south is along Xingye Road (formerly Wangzhi Road). The meeting site is in the first two buildings in the West. A row of 4 buildings in the north is in shudelinong, Huangpi South Road (formerly Baylor Road). It covers an area of 600 square meters, with a construction area of 900 square meters. It is restored according to the appearance of the year.

The appearance of the new hall on the west side of the memorial hall is consistent with the old architectural style, covering an area of 715 square meters and a building area of 2316 square meters.

The special exhibition room covers an area of 460 square meters and has two floors. The exhibition hall adopts multi-functional metal display cabinet, which can be freely combined to meet the requirements of temporary exhibition.

Collection display

Basic Display

On the first floor of the memorial hall of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China, there are audience service facilities, including foyer, multi-functional academic lecture hall and VIP Hall. On the second floor is the exhibition hall of "exhibition of historical relics created by the Communist Party of China". The basic exhibition consists of two parts: "exhibition of the former site of the conference room of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China" and "exhibition of historical relics created by the Communist Party of China".

The former conference room of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China is located at 76 Xingye Road. In the middle of the living room is a large rectangular western dining table with tea sets, vases and copper ashtrays. There are 12 round stools around the dining table, one tea table and two chairs on the East and west walls, and one two bucket table on the north wall. The furnishings of all the furniture items in the living room are imitated according to the memories of the parties concerned, so that the audience can feel personally.

"The exhibition of historical relics created by the Communist Party of China" consists of three parts: the historical background of the founding of the Communist Party of China; the founding and activities of the early organizations of the Communist Party of China; the whole process of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China. According to historical materials, a wax room was opened up in the exhibition room, which vividly depicts the lively scene of 15 participants (including 2 representatives of the Communist International) sitting around the table and having a heated discussion. The lifelike wax figures enhance the visualization and historical appeal of the display, and become a new hot spot in the visit.

Collection

The collection of the memorial is mainly literature, material objects, newspapers, books and photos from the Opium War to the socialist revolution and construction. According to the statistics at the end of 2007, there are more than 100000 pieces of collection and more than 20000 pieces of precious cultural relics, including 118 sets of national first-class cultural relics (416 pieces).

Among the more precious cultural relics are the remains of the tomb of the May 30th martyr, the diaries, posthumous notes and relics of the martyrs Wang Shouhua, Zheng futa, Wang Xiaohe and Li Bai, the scenes and photos of the meeting of the Shanghai People's appeal for peaceful entry to Beijing during the war of liberation, the declaration of the Shanghai students protesting against the US military violence Federation in China, the first seal and the first wooden card of the Shanghai Municipal People's government at the beginning of liberation, and the photos of the meeting of the Shanghai People's appeal for peaceful entry to Beijing during the war of liberation The remains of 24 martyrs unearthed near the Kuomintang garrison headquarters in Longhua.

Other precious cultural relics include the complete Chinese translation of the Communist Manifesto, the new chapter of senior officials written by Hong Rengan, the king of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the military manuscript of the restoration army written by Qiu Jin, and the English typewriter used by Li Dazhao.

Special exhibition

Temporary special exhibitions are often held in memorial halls.

He has held the exhibition of Lenin's life story, the exhibition of the centenary of the Taiping Army's march into Shanghai, the exhibition of the 35th anniversary of the three armed uprisings of Shanghai workers, the exhibition of historical materials of Comrade Zhou Enlai in Shanghai, the exhibition of pictures of Shanghai revolutionary historical sites, the exhibition of historical materials of the Shanghai People's Liberation commemorating the 40th anniversary of the liberation of Shanghai, and the exhibition of the pioneers of China's communist movement "The exhibition of historical materials for Li Dazhao's 100th birthday", "the exhibition of historical materials for the CPC in Shanghai (1921-1949) - the 70th anniversary of the birth of the CPC", "the exhibition of advanced deeds of outstanding CPC members in Shanghai in the new era", "the Anti Japanese War and Shanghai - the exhibition of pictures for the 50th anniversary of the victory of the Anti Japanese War", "the exhibition of historical materials and pictures for Liu Shaoqi in Shanghai", "the exhibition of historical materials and pictures for the CPC in Shanghai"“ "Exhibition of Mao Zedong's relics", "Chen Yi in Shanghai", "glorious course - photo exhibition from the first to the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China", "collection of cultural relics", "model of Party style Zhou Enlai", "Mao Zedong and Shanghai", "Deng Xiaoping and Shanghai", "eternal monument and bright red party flag - Exhibition of pictures and historical materials of outstanding communist party members in Shanghai during the new democratic revolution" and "red flag" Source: Shanghai: photo exhibition commemorating the 84th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, historical materials exhibition of the life of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China, etc. Among the important cultural relics on display are He Luting's manuscript of the song of the guerrillas, Liu Shaoqi's business card, Zhu De's photo in August 1937, and a map given to Li Huaying by Zhou Enlai.

The special exhibition room has held a number of temporary exhibitions, such as "marlin and Chinese literature and historical materials exhibition", "Shanghai Centennial wind and cloud cultural relics and historical materials exhibition".

In September 2019, the memorial hall launched "for the founding of new China" - the exhibition of cultural relics and historical materials collected by the memorial hall at the site of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China, displaying more than 160 cultural relics of 70 heroes

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Venue protection

In 1952, after the site of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China was renovated, it became the first Hall of the Shanghai Revolutionary History Memorial Hall, which was opened internally to receive important Chinese and foreign guests.

In 1958, the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China

Chinese PinYin : Zhong Gong Yi Da Hui Zhi