Zen Temple

At the end of Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Kublai Khan invited basiba, the king of Sakya in Tibet, to preach Buddhist scriptures in the mainland. When he passed Zhuoni Valley, he saw the beautiful scenery, green pines and cypresses, beautiful mountains and clear waters. So he ordered his disciples to build a Sutra hall here to recruit monks and preach Buddhism. It was built in 1295 ad. As the oldest Buddhist temple in Anduo area, the history of Zen temple is more than 400 years than that of Labrang temple in Xiahe. Before the establishment of Labrang temple, the dominant religion and culture in Gannan Tibetan area was Zen temple.

The architecture of chanding temple is in the style of Tibetan and Han walls. The whole building group is lined with flowers and trees. The high walls of the temple cut off the noise of the downtown and made the environment more elegant. The main buildings include the great Sutra hall, the College of philosophy, the College of astronomy, the tantric school, and the monk yamen of the Sutra debating school. There are three master towers of zabaxiezhu, three Buddhist relics of zabaxiezhu, and more than ten thousand Buddhist scriptures.

Zen Temple

Chan Ding temple, Tibetan full name for "Gadan Xiezhou dangzengdajilang", means "Dou Lu Lun Xiu Chan Ding Xing Long Zhou", also known as Zhuoni temple, is located in the platform about half a kilometer northwest of Zhuoni county. Here, the top of the mountain is surrounded by auspicious clouds, and the Taohe River at the foot of the mountain is like a jade belt around the waist. Looking around the peaks and overlooking the Taoshui River, the temple is really a holy place to carry forward Buddhism.

Historical records

In the late Tang Dynasty, Tibetan monks fled to the Taohe River basin to continue their religious practice. According to the history of Anduo politics and religion, yeerwa Temple behind Zhuoni mountain was built in the Northern Song Dynasty, and Zhuoni Ningma Temple (red religion temple) was also built at that time. At the end of Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, after the Mongol Khanate occupied the northwest, Kublai Khan invited Sakya, the king of Dharma in Tibet, to preach the Dharma in the interior. When he passed by Zhuoni, he saw the beautiful scenery, green pines and cypresses, beautiful mountains and clear waters. So he built the original Mizong Ningma temple on the site of the present temple and ordered Sakya bagsi, his disciple, to build a sutra hall around Yixi. After the struggle with Ningma sect, xiraoxi built Zhuoni Temple of Sakya sect in 1295. According to the Tibetan scriptures, Sakya Fawang presented a rare statue of Sakya standing in sandalwood with snake heart to the temple as a memorial to the foundation. It has been handed down from generation to generation and is now treasured.

Since Yongle of the Ming Dynasty, some places of zhuonifan's leaders have been granted by the imperial court. They have the power of local politics and religion, and have been granted the hereditary status of chieftains and monks. After the completion of Zhuoni temple, because of the management system of "elder brother is the chieftain, younger brother is the monk Gang, if you meet the only son, you will have two jobs", the temple has been supported by the chieftain Yang of the 19th generation, painstakingly managed and constantly renovated, with overlapping Buddhist temples inside and walls outside. It once became one of the three major Buddhist temples in Gansu and Qinghai Tibet.

From the sixth year of Jingtai to the eighth year of Tianshun (1455-1464 A.D.), kenbu Renqin Longbu (the younger brother of the third generation chieftain zashibu) of Zhuoni Temple went to Tibet as a teacher and got to know the Xianzong and Mizong doctrines of zongkaba. After returning to Zhuoni, he preached the Gelug doctrines and changed Zhuoni temple to Gelug Sect. The name of the temple was also changed to "Gadan xiezhoulin" (translated as "Dou Lu Lun Xiu Si"), and he was appointed as chiwa (presided over) and made strict Temple rules. In 1501, the Geng temple was named "dangzeng dajilang" (translated as "Jingwang Temple"). In 1710 A.D., the emperor summoned the younger brother of Yang Rusong, the 11th generation chieftain of the Qing Dynasty, to preside over the Zhuoni temple. He named him the great national teacher, and received the title of monk Gang Jue. He also granted the plaque of "imperial edict to Chan Ding Temple", which was engraved on the gate of the temple. The chieftain Yang Rusong consumed 33631 liang of silver and printed the world-famous Zhuoni version of the Tripitaka, ganzhur and danzhur. Because of this, the Zen temple was named the crown Tibetan area, with 3100 monks in the temple.

By the end of the Qing Dynasty, the number of monks was gradually reduced due to the military disaster. In 1927, three horses (MA Zhongying, Ma Tingxian, Ma gaxishun) successively broke up, which destroyed the extremely precious cultural relics of the brilliant Zen temple. The printing plate of the Tripitaka was reduced to ashes. Now the only version left in the world, and the temple declined from then on. After the reconstruction by Yang Jiqing, the 19th generation chieftain and monk Gang, four new Scripture halls and Buddha halls were built, but the number of monks in the temple was less than before, with only more than 400 monks. After the death of Yang Jiqing, Yang Danzhu, who was only 4 years old, took over the title of "assistant pujue Zen master Danzhu Hutuktu" by the government of the Republic of China. Since then, it has continued to build astronomy and calendar college, law and dance college, pagoda, Buddha Hall and other buildings until the founding of the people's Republic of China.

During the "Cultural Revolution", temples were demolished and monks were demobilized. After the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, the ethnic and religious policies were implemented, and the Zen temple was approved to open. Since 1981, more than 80 buildings have been built in succession, such as the great Sutra hall, the Wensi, the continuation of Tantric school, the Shilun, and the debating hall, the temple gate, and the monk's house, with more than 150 monks. Zhao Puchu, the former chairman of China Buddhist Association and master calligrapher, carved three characters of "Chan Ding Temple" on the top of the temple gate. This famous Tibetan Buddhist temple with a long history in Anduo Tibetan area is gradually restoring its former glory.

Monk Gang

Although not a living Buddha, it ranks first in the Zen temple. There are eight Living Buddhas in the temple, including Regent of cemelin, Hutuktu of Ili, Matang Kanbu, Guya Buddha, dewa, jiadang, Chadao and gaqin.

When Yang Rusong was a chieftain, he published the world-famous Zhuoni version of the Tripitaka, which consumed 17325 liang of silver. Because of its name, the Zen temple became the political, economic and cultural center of Zhuoni, with more than 3100 monks in the temple. In 1927, Sanma (MA Zhongying, Ma Tingxian, Ma gaxishun) rebelled against Feng, which reduced the brilliant Zen temple and its precious cultural relics, especially the printing plate of the "Dazangjing" to ashes. The temple declined from then on. After that, although it was rebuilt by Yang Jiqing, the 19th generation chieftain and monk Gang, there were only more than 400 monks. During the anti feudal struggle in 1958, most monks were forced to leave the temple. During the "Cultural Revolution" period, the temple was demolished, and the site was opened as a horizontal terrace. After the second plenary session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, under the light of the party's ethnic and religious policy, it was rebuilt in 1980 and approved to open on November 10, 1981. The government appropriated huge funds to build three academies, four nangqin temples, five Buddha halls, and more than 80 building complexes with temple gatehouses and monasteries. There are more than 160 monks now. Zhao Puchu, chairman of China Buddhist Association and master calligrapher, wrote a three character brick carving of "Chan Ding Temple" on the top of the temple gate, which attracted people's attention. Now every day devout believers and admiring tourists come in an endless stream, becoming a famous tourist attraction in Zhuoni county.

In the temple, there used to be four big warehouses, namely, shenni, Juba, sariwa and chamba. Shennizacang was founded in 1714 a.d. by awangchenlaijiacuo, and jubazacang was founded in 1724 a.d. by awangchenlaijiacuo. Sariwazacang was founded in 1777 by awangkezungatso in the 42nd year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty. Qianbazacang was founded in 1745 a.d. by Luo sangdan, a monk.

The highest person in charge of the temple is monk Gang, who is in charge of religious education, administration, justice and other affairs of the whole temple. Monk Gang is hereditary. There are three sets of organizations under the monk gang. One is Dai Huaxiong, which is called "Dai" for short. There are big and small leaders in charge of part of the administrative affairs of the temple, and on behalf of the temple, they are responsible for the affairs of the temple. There are two class leaders under the leader, who are responsible for supervising the monks' keeping the precepts in the temple. There are 5-10 class officials, who are responsible for the delivery of notices, successors and other chores. Second, Zuozhuang Lama's office, or "La" for short, is commonly known as chiwa, which manages the religious and religious activities of the whole temple. The third is the Jiwa Office (pronounced as "West" in Zhuoni dialect), which is the administrative organ for the affairs of the colleges of the temple. There is one chief monk in charge of judging cases and maintaining the order of the temple. It has 17 Mina (which is divided into 17 dioceses according to the monks' native place, and Mina is the representative of the diocese) to be responsible for all matters of the diocese. There is also Jiwa (General Affairs Office) under the Department, including general affairs staff, conference staff, etc.

head lama

Since Renqin Longbu was converted to Gelug Sect, there have been six full-time Kanbu in chanding temple. They are Renqin Longbu, Erxiang chenlejiacuo, luosangdan bajiacan, Erwang kaizongjiacuo, gongquhudamqujiacuo, luosangdan zengchenlejiacuo (Yang Danzhu). In addition to the six Kanbu, the monk gang was also photographed by the chieftain at that time.

There are six reincarnated Living Buddhas in chanding temple. They are "jiadangcang, Yili Cang, dewa Cang, Guya Cang, Madang Cang and song canbu Cang".

There are six eminent monks in Chan Ding Temple who have gained the status of FA Tai: Xian zabai, Ke Ge Bai, Dao Suo Bai, Xian zabai, Zhi Zi Bai and Yue SA Bai.

Among the monks of Zhuoni Zen temple, there were many famous Buddhist monks. Among them, the first to the fourth Regent of Tibet, the living Buddha of Cemolin, who was influential in the political and religious circles of Tibet. The first, second and third generations of them have served as gadanchiwa, some of them have served as the famous monks of gadanchi, such as boshawa xieninzaba, azitangwa losandaji, xiaosangwa Jiayang chuchen Daji, and some of them have also emerged in the famous temples of Tibetan Buddhism, such as zhihuaxiazhu, awannima, renqinbangjuer, zabajia unveiling, jinbadaji, gengdengjiacuo, xiaolainanjie, sangjiebeisang, etc He served as a Buddhist and Confucian teacher, and left many brilliant religious, literary and historical works.

monks and priests

Zen Temple

Chinese PinYin : Chan Ding Si