Jieshan Daban

Jieshan Daban

Jieshan Daban is one of the most famous mountain passes along the Xinzang highway.

position

Jieshan Daban is located in Songxi village, Dongru Township, Ritu County, Ali Prefecture, Tibet, on the southwest Bank of Longmucuo, a salt lake on the plateau, and k718km away from Xinzang highway. The coordinates on Google Earth are 34 degrees 32 minutes 31.34s north latitude and 80 degrees 25 minutes 14.16s east longitude. It is the saddle of the West and East luokezong mountains. Daban pass of Jieshan mountain is also the starting point of Sancha road crossing Qiangtang no man's land along the southern margin of Kunlun mountain. This is also the starting point of the ancient Tubo road from Ali plateau to Pulu village, Yutian County, Tarim Basin.

Altitude

The altitude of Jieshan Daban has always been said a lot.

For a long time, highway maintenance and management departments have set up steles in Daban, Jieshan, which indicate that this is the boundary between Xinjiang and Tibet, with an altitude of 6700 meters. On the north side of the highway at Daban pass, Jieshan mountain, there is a three meter high, one meter and seven meter wide black marble monument with a colored armed police badge on the top of the monument. In the center, there are three big red characters of "district boundary monument" with the following line: "altitude 6700m"; in the bottom, there are two lines: "eight traffic detachment of armed police" and "July 1, 2005". On the back of the stone tablet is a "brief introduction", the full text is copied as follows: "National Highway 219 Xinzang highway area boundary to saga section 1375km (including Pulan branch line 104KM), the line mainly passes through Duoma, Bangong Lake, Rutu, Shiquan River, baga, hol, Shenshan (Gangrenboqi peak), Shenghu (mapanyongcuo), Zhongba, Saga and other places, with an average altitude of 4663m and the highest altitude of 6700m .

According to the order of the State Council and the Central Military Commission, since January 1, 2002, the section has been supported by the eighth traffic detachment of the armed police force. The officers and soldiers of the detachment have fully carried forward the spirit of "three no's" of "high altitude, poor conditions, and heavy tasks". They have adhered to the principle of "combination of construction and maintenance, focusing on maintenance, ensuring smooth traffic, and gradually improving" and changed the situation of national highway 219, which is in poor condition in winter It was opened to traffic all year round at the end of 2002.

The word "altitude 6700m" is too terrible for many people. It frightens many people and they dare not take the Xinzang highway. In fact, the altitude measured by GPS is 5071m, the altitude measured by barometric altimeter is about 5100m, and the point on Google Earth is 5195m (the absolute elevation error given by Google Earth is very large, which is only suitable for comparing the relative elevation difference and judging the relief nearby).

It is said that there are some reasons why the stone tablets in Daban pass have been changed several times, but they are all written as "6700m". It is said that there are also some reasons: when the Xinzang highway was first built, the measurement method was poor, and the height was measured. Then, after decades, it will be wrong, and the stone tablets have been changed, but the height remains unchanged. There is a certain possibility of this statement, because before the PLA surveying and mapping forces entered the no man's land of Qiangtang and Kunlun Mountains in northern Tibet to carry out field survey in 1970, there was no accurate topographic data. In the atlas of China published by China Map Publishing House in the 1960s, the elevation of Mt. Mushi and Mt. MUZTAG at the junction of Xinjiang and Tibet is 7282 meters and 7723 meters respectively, and they are regarded as the main peaks of West Kunlun Mountain and zhongkunlun mountain. In fact, the two peaks are 6638 meters and 6973 meters above sea level, with an error of 1000 meters.

Another popular saying is that 6700 meters is not the altitude of the pass through which the Xinzang highway passes, but the altitude of the peaks near the pass. This is not true. Because the relative elevation difference of the Highlands within one kilometer on both sides of the pass is between 60 meters and 100 meters, the terrain is quite gentle; the highest peak nearby is Guozha gengeri snow mountain, 12 kilometers southwest, with an altitude of 6292 meters; the nearest peak nearby, 6700 meters, is zecuohu East Mountain, 71 kilometers southwest, with an altitude of 6678 meters.

It is known that "Jieshan Daban" appeared in the literature, and the earliest is in 1950. On August 1, 1950, the advance cavalry company led by Li Dishan of the independent cavalry division of the second army of the Xinjiang Military Region set out from Pulu village, Yutian County, southern Xinjiang, and marched into the Ali plateau through the Keriya pass, planting the red flag on the "roof of the roof of the world". After a month's trek in the no man's land of Kunlun Mountain, he arrived in Ali, Tibet on September 9. On September 15, the advance company established the first transfer left behind base in liangshuiquan, Gaize county. On the same day, the advance company sent the news to the independent cavalry division. The telegram soon spread the good news to the independent Cavalry Division headquarters in Khotan, the second army headquarters in Kashgar and the Xinjiang Military Region in Dihua. After learning the news, commander Wang Zhen reported the good news to the northwest military region, Northwest Bureau and the Party Central Committee in Xi'an on September 18. The message is as follows:

Northwest military region, Northwest Bureau and Central Government:

After 45 days of arduous March, our independent Cavalry Division crossed the Kunlun mountain area at an altitude of more than 5000 meters. On the 9th of this month, it crossed shandaban, the border of Xinjiang and Tibet at an altitude of more than 6000 meters, and reached Gaize area under the jurisdiction of the local government of Ariga, Tibet. The journey was about 1300 Li. On the 15th of this month, it established its first stronghold in Gaize area. After a short rest in liangshuiquan, the company will leave a small number of personnel to stay here, turn to the spot to investigate the situation, find the Tibetans, mobilize the masses, and the rest of the major ministries will continue to advance to kadake (the former seat of arigaben government in Tibet, now near Kar in Tibet).

Communist military guerrilla leader and political commissar

September 18, 1950

The Jieshan Daban in the liberation of Ali should refer to the area near the Keriya pass, because the altitude of Keriya pass is more than 5450 meters, which has always been the boundary of Xinzang. On this route, the altamudaban, which enters the Keriya Valley, is 5500 meters above sea level. Considering that the PLA marching into Ali area in 1950 had no available map or leader, it was normal for them to go a little wrong way to an altitude of 6000 meters. Therefore, the altitude of Daban, which Li Dishan and Wang Zhen referred to in the telegram, is more than 6000 meters, which is somewhat different. Besides, on both sides of the Keriya source valley from atamu Daban to Keriya Daban, the snow mountains are towering and continuous for more than 50 kilometers: on the west side is Kunlun goddess Mt., the highest peak of West Kunlun Mountain, whose English name is Kunlun God Mt., with an altitude of 7167 meters, coordinates of 35 degrees 18 minutes 51.03 seconds north latitude and 80 degrees 55 minutes 00.55 seconds east longitude, which is the source of Yulong Kashi River in Hotan area. In many authoritative data, the higher gongge'er mountain and mostag mountain are regarded as Pamir mountain group, while Kunlun Goddess Peak is regarded as the highest peak of Kunlun mountain. To the east of the pass is the extension of the ridge line of qiongmuztag mountain, which is 6920 meters above sea level. It is also the source of Keriya River in southern Xinjiang.

The 6700 meter high monument at Daban pass, the former Jieshan mountain, has been knocked down many times by travelers. Since the eighth traffic detachment of the Chinese people's Armed Police Force set up this more striking marble monument in 2005, the dispute seems to have settled. In 2008, the number on the monument was 6700 meters. In 2009, it was altered to 5248 meters, and the original "district boundary monument" was altered to "Jieshan Daban". The original imprint is still visible. Because the monument is neither 6700 meters above sea level nor the boundary between Xinjiang and Tibet.

Geology and geography

It is located in the Mesozoic structural area of Kunlun Mountain, where Jurassic strata are developed, mainly limestone. The natural landscape is alpine desert, climate is cold and dry, annual rainfall is less than 50 mm, precipitation is rare. Southbound more than 10 kilometers, Songxi village, Dongru Township, along the way for the village's mountain basin ranch.

Road conditions

The Daban pass of Jieshan mountain is actually the watershed between Longmucuo and Mangcuo, which is 7.5 km to the south. And from here to Ali is a 500 meter long 50 percent downhill road. Then there is a gentle ascent with a gradient of 20 / 1000 of 4 km long, and the top of the slope is at least 50 meters higher than that of the monument at Daban, Jieshan. This makes many travelers who think that Jieshan Daban is the highest point on the Xinzang highway, and after walking down the slope of Jieshan Daban, they arrive at Shiquan River in Ali very confused. In fact, the highest point of the Xinzang highway is 23 kilometers southbound from Daban, Jieshan. At hongtudaban, k741 kilometers away, the altitude is 5256.50 meters measured by GPS, and 5230 meters is indicated on the signboard of the first brigade of the eighth traffic detachment of the armed police. Hongtu Daban is the watershed between Mangcuo and Bangong Lake. From Hongtu Daban to the south, it goes downhill along the mountain river for 88 kilometers to Duoma township government of Rutu county.

Address: Songxi village, Dongru Township, Ritu County, Ali Prefecture, Tibet

Longitude: 80.279582

Latitude: 34.684203

Chinese PinYin : Jie Shan Da Ban