national library

The National Library of China is located in Haidian District, Beijing. It was completed in 1987. The general library covers an area of 7.24 hectares, with a building area of 140000 square meters. There are 19 storeys on the ground and 3 storeys underground. The building area of the library is 60000 square meters, and the designed collection capacity is 20 million books.

The National Library of China is the largest library in China. The National Library of China used to be called Beijing Library, which is generally referred to as "National Library". The Baishiqiao new library (now known as the South District of the general library), completed in 1987, has a construction area of 140000 square meters. The podium buildings are distributed on both sides of the main building, and form two large patios. The patio is a garden, forming a unique view of a garden in the building. The podium building has five floors above the ground and one floor below the ground, and is distributed with various functional units of the library. There are 46 reading rooms with their own characteristics, including 23 open shelf reading rooms, which can receive 6000 or 7000 readers per day. The building was also rated as the top ten buildings in Beijing in the 1980s.

National Library of China

synonym

The National Library of China (NLC) generally refers to the National Library of China

The National Library of China is located at 33 Zhongguancun South Street in Beijing, adjacent to Baishiqiao Gaoliang River and Zizhuyuan Park in Haidian District. It is the national general library, the National Bibliographic center, the National Ancient Books Protection Center, and one of the largest and most advanced national libraries in the world

. Selected into the third batch of China's 20th century architectural heritage projects

. On October 11, 2018, he was selected into the list of "national primary and secondary students' research and practice education base".

The predecessor of the National Library of China is the capital library, which was planned to be built on September 9, 1909. In 1931, the Wenjin street library was completed (now the ancient books library of the National Library). After the founding of new China, it was renamed Beijing Library. The new library was completed in 1987. With the approval of the State Council on December 12, 1998, Beijing Library changed its name to the National Library of China.

According to the information on the library's official website in October 2018, the total building area of the National Library of China is 280000 square meters. The library is divided into the south area, the north area and the ancient books library. The main building in the south area of the general library is a double tower shaped high-rise building with double eaves, peacock blue glazed tile roof, light cream gray tile exterior wall, granite base stone steps, and white marble railings The library has 37.6862 million volumes of literature, including nearly 2 million ancient books and over 1000 TB of digital resources. It is the largest library in Asia and the third largest library in the world. The library has 25 reading rooms, more than 5000 seats, 1529 staff and 33 departments.

Historical evolution

The late Qing Dynasty

On July 25 (September 9, 1909), the first year of Xuantong in Qing Dynasty, the Qing government approved Zhang Zhidong's invitation to build the capital library (the predecessor of the National Library), and transferred the cabinet Treasury, Hanlin academy, Guozijian nanxue books, Wenjin pavilion's Siku Quanshu and Dunhuang's looted remains as the basic collections. After the establishment of the capital library, Miao Quansun was the first supervisor.

In 1916, the Ministry of education ordered the capital library, and all the published books registered in the Ministry of internal affairs were handed over to the capital library for collection.

the Republic of China era

In 1928, the Nanjing national government was founded, and in July of the same year, the national capital library was renamed as the National Peking library, which was subordinate to the University. In order to solve the problem of funds, the Ministry of education of Nanjing national government negotiated and signed an agreement with the board of directors of China Education and culture foundation.

In August 1929, the national Beiping library was merged with Beihai Library under China foundation. After the merger, the name of the library was still the national Beiping library, which was directly under the leadership of the national Beiping Library Committee of the Ministry of education of Nanjing government and the China foundation group. Zhonghai Juren hall is one hall and Beihai Qingxiao building is two.

In 1931, a new library was built in Wenjin street.

During the Anti Japanese War, some of its collections and librarians moved to the South and set up offices in Shanghai, Hong Kong, Kunming and Chongqing. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the library's offices and collections were transported back to Peiping one after another, except for rare books kept in the library of Congress and 18 boxes of cabinet maps transported from Nanjing to Taipei. During this period, the museum encountered many serious economic difficulties.

In the early days of the people's Republic of China

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, it was renamed National Beijing Library on September 27, 1949, under the leadership of the Ministry of culture.

In June 1951, it was renamed Beijing Library.

In June 1958, it was transferred to the leadership of Beijing Municipality.

In November 1960, he returned to the leadership of the Ministry of culture.

reform and opening-up

In March 1975, Zhou Enlai, the first premier of the people's Republic of China, proposed and approved the construction of the new Beijing Library.

In December 1998, with the approval of the State Council, Beijing Library changed its name to the National Library of China.

On April 16, 1999, President Jiang Zemin wrote the name of the National Library of China.

The automation of the National Library of China started in the mid-1970s. In 1989, the large-scale computer integrated management system was launched to develop and practice the library automation application system.

Since 1995, according to the idea of digitalization and network construction, the national library network construction and development plan (1997-2000) has been formulated, focusing on network construction, software development and data processing.

In February 1999, it took the lead in adopting advanced Gigabit Ethernet technology in China's domestic library circle and opened a library area network with 3000 information nodes to connect various application subsystems. In the aspect of Internet construction, the website of National Library of China on the Internet has been opened; 100m special line connection has been realized with the general office of the State Council, Tsinghua University, Peking University, etc.; high speed connection has been realized with China computer public network, China Education and research network, China science and technology network, Beijing Cable TV network, national cable TV network of State Administration of radio, film and television, Netcom, etc The National Library of China has initially built itself into a central hub of online information resources.

In November 2001, with the approval of the State Council, "the second phase project of the National Library and the National Digital Library Project" was officially established. As an important part of the national information industry infrastructure construction, it has been included in the national "Tenth Five Year Plan". The total national investment is 1.235 billion yuan, and has been put into practice.

Since 2002, the National Library of China has also undertaken two national key cultural projects: the project of rebuilding rare books in China and the project of sending books to the countryside.

On October 28, 2003, Aleph500 computer integrated management system of National Library of China has been put into operation.

In November 2018, the South District of the National Library of China (formerly Beijing Library) was selected as the third batch of Chinese 20th century architectural heritage projects

.

In November 2019, the alliance of "watch Chinese characters" was established.

Collection strength

Collection resources

According to the information on the library's official website in October 2018, 37.6862 million volumes of literature were collected in the National Library of China, including nearly 2 million volumes of ancient books, and the total amount of digital resources exceeded 1000 TB. The collection inherits the royal collection since the Southern Song Dynasty and many famous private collections since the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The earliest collection can be traced back to the oracle bones of Yin Ruins more than 3000 years ago. The special collection includes more than 2.8 million copies of Dunhuang manuscripts, western region documents, rare ancient books, rubbings of gold and stone, ancient maps, ancient books written by ethnic minorities, and manuscripts of famous masters. "Dunhuang Manuscripts", "Zhaocheng Gold Collection", "Yongle Dadian" and "Sikuquanshu" of wenjinge are known as the "four collections" of the National Library of China.

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Journals of the Republic of China

According to the information on the library's official website in October 2018, the National Library of China has collected more than 3.52 million pictures and 4351 electronic images of periodicals from 1911 to 1949, with a data storage capacity of 2TB, including the politics, economy, cultural education, social history, military literature, anti Japanese generals and other figures of the Republic of China And so on.

 

Local Literature

According to the information on the library's official website in October 2018, the number of "Local Chronicles" thematic pictures collected by the National Library of China has reached more than 400000 pages, and the resource storage has exceeded 1TB. "Local Chronicles" includes the local chronicles of Shaanxi, Shandong, Hubei, Yunnan, Guizhou, Xinjiang, Jiangxi, Qinghai and other places, including general Chronicles (cunmu), county chronicles, township chronicles, landscape chronicles, etc. there are both ancient local chronicles before the founding of the people's Republic of China, and some newly compiled local chronicles, which reflect in detail the political, economic, military, cultural, mountains and rivers, geography, tasks, history and so on Folk proverbs, dialects and other fields of people's livelihood.

 

Chinese PinYin : Guo Jia Tu Shu Guan