Ancient village Guoyu

Ancient village Guoyu

Guoyu, an ancient village, is located 300 meters south of Huangcheng Xiangfu, an AAAAA scenic spot. It is a famous historical and cultural village in China and a castle like village at the foot of Taihang Mountain. The city is a unique architectural complex of Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit. It is praised as "the treasure of Chinese folk houses" by Luo Zhewen, the leader of ancient architecture. It is also known as "the first city in rural China".

Guoyu village is also the former residence of Zhang Pengyun, governor of Shuntian in Ming Dynasty, Zhang Ersu, Minister of criminal justice in Qing Dynasty, and the former residence of the rich businessman Wang re in late Ming and early Qing Dynasty. It is the old residence of Chen Tingjing, a Bachelor of wenyuange in Qing Dynasty. It is also the place where the seventh Military Medical University, the predecessor of the Third Military Medical University, was founded.

Guoyu village has a long history. It was built by the Guo family and named the village by surname. Guoyu village was first built in the early Tang Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, Guoyu was called Li. In the Qing Dynasty, it was also called Zhen. In 1917, guoyuli was changed into Guoyu village.

Guoyu village has a large scale and complete shape. The ancient buildings of the village cover an area of 180000 square meters, including city walls, city buildings, official mansions, residential buildings, temples, ancestral halls, shops and workshops, garden gardens, gatehouses and shadow walls, water wells, ruins, etc. the present Guoyu city site was built in 1638 of the Chongzhen reign of the Ming Dynasty to defend against the peasant uprising forces such as Gao Yingxiang, Li Zicheng, Zhang Xianzhong, etc. The city is narrow from east to west, and long from north to south. It is 400 meters from north to south, 300 meters from east to west, 12 meters high, 5.3 meters wide, and 1400 meters around the city. The castle has three gates, one east water gate and ten enemy towers. On the wall of Guoyu, there are more than 600 caves with three layers, which have both residential and defensive functions. Therefore, the wall of Guoyu is also known as "honeycomb wall".

Most of the buildings in Guoyu are built in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The existing traditional courtyards remain unchanged in architectural pattern, form, materials and technology. The overall design and construction are all made by local craftsmen, which is the true embodiment of the local architectural cultural tradition.

Historical evolution

Guoyu village, located in Beiliu Town, Yangcheng County, Shanxi Province, was established in the Tang Dynasty. There are 40 houses in the Ming Dynasty; the honeycomb wall built in the 11th year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty is 20 meters high, 5 meters wide and 1400 meters long; the Tangdi temple built in the Yuan Dynasty still has a 20 meter high cantilevered stage and a rare nine Bay hall. Famous experts and scholars all over the country have highly appraised the existing ancient buildings in Guoyu village.

From Tang Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, there were more than 80 people in Guoyu village who got fame. Among the people, there was a good reputation of "the Golden Valley is ten li long, and the talented people come out of Guoyu". Especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, including the Chen family, there were a total of 15 Jinshi and 18 Juren in this small village. There was also a family of imperial examination with four Jinshi and an official family who served as a servant.

In the 11th year of Chongzhen reign of Ming Dynasty, five years after the Chen family built the "Dou Zhu Ju", in order to resist the invasion of bandits, several big family members of Guoyu village jointly built Guoyu City, which started on the 17th of the first month of the year and was completed in October of the same year.

After more than 300 years of wind and rain, the walls of Guoyu city were dilapidated. When fan Yueting was the village head in the Republic of China, he carried out large-scale maintenance of the city wall. After the maintenance, the enemy tower was majestic, the pheasant wall was neat, and the city could be accessed by horse. During the land reform, urban kilns were distributed to individual villagers. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the villagers have built houses, built public buildings in the village, demolished the bricks and stones of the city walls, and Guoyu city has been seriously damaged. In 1994, the village invested 300000 yuan to repair a section of the city wall on the right side of the east gate and the Kuixing Pavilion and Bodhisattva Pavilion on the city. Guoyu city is now a municipal key cultural relics protection unit.

building structure

Guoyu city is 12 meters high, 5.3 meters wide, 1400 meters around and 179000 square meters inside. There are 450 battlements, 3 East, North and West gates, 1 East water gate, 10 enemy towers, 18 Wopu, and wooden pavilions at the corner. The kiln has three storeys and 628 eyes in total, so it is called honeycomb city. There are dozens of iron cannons on the wall. Most of the residents in the city were built in the late Ming Dynasty. There is a seven storey Yulou in the center of the city, which is very eye-catching. Guoyu city has both residential and defensive functions, so it is also called "honeycomb city wall".

Main landscape

Guoyu city still has 1100 Ming Dynasty houses, such as "Old Lion House", "little lion house", "Chen's twelve houses" and "Wang's thirteen houses", which is superior to Huangcheng village in number. Moreover, the maintenance of the city wall is also a step ahead, but the tourism development lags behind, and then the ancient buildings such as Yulou, Tangwang temple and stage are continuously repaired and developed.

Tangdi Temple

Commonly known as the temple, located in the west gate, 28 meters high site, for the village of the temple. It was built and repaired in Yuan Zhizheng period (1341-1368), expanded in Ming Zhengde period (1506-1522), destroyed in fire in Jiajing period and restored in Wanli period, and demolished and renovated in the ninth year of Shunzhi period (1652). The temple is divided into upper and lower courts. There are stone railings in the front of the upper court and stone terraces in the middle. To the north is the main hall, nine rooms wide and six rafters deep. There are three East and three West halls and three corner halls. The East and west sides of the lower courtyard are two-story buildings, each with 10 rooms. The upper floor is for watching, and the lower floor is for housing and guest rooms. The south side is for the stage, and the lower side is for the mountain gate. There are turrets on both sides, which are storage rooms. There are bell and drum towers on the west side of the door. In the old society, this temple was a place for village activities, where important affairs in the village were negotiated and handled. During the Republic of China, the village office was set up in this temple. When fan Yueting was the village head, he banned smoking and gambling here. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the village, Township Office, brigade department, health station and so on were set up here.

Yulou

Located in the center of the village, it was built in 1640, the 13th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty. It was the military building to defend the peasant uprising army with Guoyu city. The building is 15 meters long, 7.5 meters wide and 30 meters high. It is a seven story building. The bottom wall is 2 meters thick and shrinks step by step with the rise of the floor until the seventh floor. The wall is 0.8 meters thick. The first layer is the dark layer, which is composed of single hole brick arch kiln. There are stone mill, stone mill, water well and dark hole inside. The dark hole passes through the stone gate and enters into the dark road. The dark road is made of brick arch, with a total of two, which can lead to the outside of the city. The second floor is made up of five hole brick kilns. The middle gate facing east is inlaid with the word "Yulou" inscribed by Wang Heng, a native of Zezhou, and has four blastholes. For more than three floors, the beams and purlins are used to cover the roof. Above the seventh floor, there are brick battlements all around. On the brick battlements, eaves were raised to seal the roof. On the four corners of the roof, there are four bells, which tinkle in the wind. The four corners of the building are vertical, the four walls are flat, and the style remains the same for hundreds of years.

"Yu" of Yulou means defense and thinking of danger in times of peace. The building and the city are of the same structure, the city is a honeycomb City, and the building is a honeycomb handle. The tower is located in the city. You can look out tens of miles from the top.

Tourism strategy

Scenic climate

Jincheng is a warm temperate continental monsoon climate, with long winter and short summer, warm climate, four distinct seasons and hot rain in the same period.

The annual average temperature is 7.9-11.7 ℃, and the annual average precipitation is about 650mm. Avoid the long cold winter, and hot summer, the turn of spring and summer every year, is the best time to travel here. At this time, not only the earth warms up and everything recovers, but also the temperature is suitable and travel is convenient.

Scenic food

Fried jelly is a traditional folk snack in Jincheng, which has a history of more than 100 years. First, cut the jelly into cubes about three to four centimeters wide and one centimeter thick, and set them aside. Put a small amount of cooking oil in the pot, heat up and stir fry the cold powder. Then pour the garlic foam in the vinegar, cover it, and let the garlic and vinegar taste in and out of the pot. The taste is soft and tender, spicy and delicious.

Address: Beiliu Town, Yangcheng County, Jincheng City

Longitude: 112.577963

Latitude: 35.510723

Chinese PinYin : Gu Cun Guo Yu