Wujin mountain

Wujin mountain

Wujin mountain, located in Yuci District, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, has been a summer resort since ancient times. The north is connected with Taiyuan city. The terrain is high in the north and low in the south. There are many mountains and beautiful peaks, with an altitude of 1200-1489 meters. There are 30000 mu of natural forest, dense pines and cypresses, thick vegetation, white pines, Platycladus orientalis, tall and straight Pinus tabulaeformis, and peculiar canopy. The total area is 55000 mu, the forest area is 31000 mu, and the forest coverage rate is more than 80%. There are Buddhist architecture crystal courtyard, Zhengshou temple, Huayan Temple, hehe temple, dafotai, Western Jin Dynasty king temple sites, Taoist architecture Taiqing palace, lvdongbin CI tablet, Yuhuangge, Longwang temple, Wuye temple, Jiufeng tower, Kong Xiangxi summer villa and other attractions.

Wujin mountain has beautiful and unique natural scenery, with undulating mountains, ravines, forests and lush vegetation. It is a rare green pearl in the Loess Plateau. Wujin mountain is picturesque and dreamy in four seasons. In Wanli period of Ming Dynasty, the stele of rebuilding crystal courtyard said: Wujin mountain "in spring, the roses are in the moon, the solitary apes and deer are in the hundred flowers forest because of their fragrance; in summer, the fresh wind blows, the pheasant and pheasant are in the ten thousand flowers; in autumn, the yellow flowers are in the path and the red leaves are in the forest; in winter, the six flowers are in the morning and the solitary roots are warm.". Wujin mountain is so beautiful that it is fascinating.

Yuci district Party committee and government are committed to building their own tourism brand and famous tourism city, accelerating the transformation of tourism resources to tourism industry, and have done a lot of work in this regard. In 2007, after the restoration of Changjia manor, old city of Yuci and Hougou ancient village, the large-scale development of Wujinshan National Forest Park was started. If Changjia manor, old city of Yuci and Hougou ancient village belong to human landscape, Wujinshan National Forest Park will be a tourist resort where human landscape and natural landscape complement each other, and it will open a new chapter of Yuci tourism.

geographical environment

Geology and geomorphology

Wujin mountain is 25 kilometers long in the West and 9 kilometers wide in the South and North. From east to west, it is the five major branches of yaoluo mountain, Zijin Mountain, Dahong mountain, Wujin mountain and Zhonglin mountain, which are the South extension of Hanshan mountain and consist of 25 mountains. Among the mountains, Wujin mountain is the highest (1489.2 meters above sea level). The lowest is sigoukou at the foot of Zhonglin mountain (954.1 meters above sea level). The relative elevation difference is 535.1 meters, which makes Wujin mountain form a meandering trend, with overlapping peaks, winding ups and downs, vast forest sea and bright mountains. It is a natural barrier to the north of Yuci.

Wujin mountain is high in the north and low in the south, which is composed of moderately cut bedrock mountain and earth rock mountain. The main rocks are gray sandstone, purple red and gray green shale formed in Permian and Carboniferous of Paleozoic, accounting for 87% of the total area. Zhonglinshan, Wujinshan and Dahongshan to the north of Jianhe are mostly gray sandstones of upper and Lower Shihezi Formation and Taiyuan Formation of Permian. Zijinshan to the east of Jianhe is the purple red sand shale of Shiqianfeng Formation of Permian. The Loess covered in some areas is leached cinnamon soil, cinnamon soil and stone soil developed from sand shale parent material and loess parent material, accounting for 13% of the total area. The geological changes hundreds of millions of years ago have resulted in today's magnificent scenery of Wujin mountain, which is full of mountains, ravines, forest waves and purple air.

Ecoclimate

There are dense forests, rich vegetation and well protected. There are all kinds of strange trees and grasses growing in a thousand hectares of green. There are more than 330 species of trees, shrubs and other plants on the mountain, forming a vast and spectacular scenic forest belt of natural Pinus tabulaeformis, Platycladus orientalis, Pinus bungeana and natural Prunus armeniaca, Prunus davidiana and Pinus tabulaeformis.

Among them, Pinus bungeana is a national second-class protected tree species, Sabina vulgaris is a rare tree species in the world, and Phaseolus chinensis is an endangered species. In the forest, hazelnut, seabuckthorn, Rosa davurica, Vitex, zhaoshanbai, LiMou, Lespedeza, Spiraea, honeysuckle, liudaomu, Syringa mangium, Heshuo Hehua and other shrubs interweave with each other, and their colors are gorgeous and beautiful. Under the trees, there are more than 100 kinds of grass plants, including more than 200 kinds of precious Chinese herbal medicines, such as polygonatum, polygonatum odoratum, Astragalus membranaceus, chuandilong, etc.

There are more than 150 species of birds, mammals, amphibians, reptiles, arthropods and annelids in 36 families. Leopard and ferret are the most precious. Other mammals such as wolf, wild boar, roe deer and fox are distributed in the dense forest of Wujin mountain. In addition, there are gray stork, pheasant, oriole, eagle and many other birds, snakes, rats and other reptiles are countless, so Wujin mountain has become a rare natural ecological wildlife park in the hinterland of the three Jin Dynasty.

The climate of Wujin mountain is cool and humid, and the air is fresh and pleasant.

The highest altitude in Wujin mountain is nearly 1500 meters. According to the data of Yuci meteorological department, the annual average temperature in Wujin mountain is 9.8 ℃. The average temperature in summer (July) is 23.6 ℃, and that in winter (December) is - 4.8 ℃, which is 3 ~ 5 ℃ lower than that in Yuci Taiyuan. The frost free period in a year is 120-144 days, the annual average precipitation is 440 mm, and the annual relative humidity is 8%. The rainfall in a year is mainly concentrated in July, August and September, accounting for 68.5% of the annual precipitation. These data prove that Wujin mountain has a cool climate and fresh air, which is worthy of being a famous summer resort in Central Shanxi.

natural resources

Wujin mountain has typical vegetation characteristics of Taihang Mountain in North China. There are more than 480 species, including more than 330 plant species and more than 150 animal species. Among them, Pinus bungeana is a national second-class protected tree species, Sabina vulgaris is a rare tree species, Tilia amurensis, Magnolia Benthami is a rare tree species, limousine is an endangered tree species, ferret and leopard are national first-class protected animals.

Botany

tree

1. Pinus tabulaeformis, also known as Pinus koraiensis and Pinus brevifolia, is one of the most important tree species in Wujin mountain. The volume of standing trees reached 52052 cubic meters, accounting for 80.05% of the total volume of standing trees in Wujin mountain.

The morphological characteristics of Pinus tabulaeformis are as follows: arbor, up to 25m high, diameter at breast height up to more than 1m; crown is tower shaped or broad ovate in middle age, disc-shaped umbrella shaped in old age; bark is gray brown, scaly cracking, cracks are reddish brown; leaves are generally 2 needles and 1 bunch, 10 cm ~ 15 cm long; male flower is orange yellow, female flower is green purple, flowering period is April to may, fruit matures in October of the next year. The trunk of Pinus tabulaeformis is straight and vigorous, and it grows normally at - 25 ℃.

2. Platycladus orientalis: Cupressaceae, is another major tree species in Wujin mountain. Its standing stock is 10810 cubic meters, accounting for 16.63% of the total standing stock in Wujin mountain.

The morphological characteristics of Platycladus orientalis are as follows: evergreen trees, generally up to 20 meters in height, pale grayish brown in dry skin, strip like longitudinal cracks; young tree crown ovate spiracle shaped, old tree wide round; all scaly leaves, monoecious; cones broad ovate, nearly mature blue-green, powdered, mature open, seed prolapse; flowering period from March to April, mature period from September to October. Platycladus orientalis is a special species in China. It has strong adaptability, drought resistance, barren, wide distribution and long life span. Ancient trees with thousand years or more often survive.

3. Pinus bungeana: Pinaceae, formerly known as the five needle pine of Qiaojia, also known as Pinus bungeana, Pinus tripinnata, Pinus bungeana, Pinus Hupi, Pinus panlongensis and Pinus serpentina. It is one of the Endemic Tree Species in China, the only three leaf pine in East Asia, and one of the main tree species in Wujin mountain. The volume of standing trees is 2016 cubic meters, accounting for 3.24% of the total volume of standing trees in Wujin mountain.

The morphological characteristics of Pinus bungeana are as follows: evergreen coniferous tree, up to 30 meters high, young tree dry skin gray green, smooth, big tree dry skin is irregular flake off, forming white and brown alternating spot scale; three needles in a bunch, needle leaves short and thick, 5 cm ~ 10 cm long; monoecious flowers, flowering period from April to May; cones round oval, 2 years mature. Pinus bungeana is drought resistant, barren and cold resistant. The trees are beautiful, green and straight. The bark is mottled and beautiful, the needles are short and thick and bright, with unique characteristics. It is known as the "Queen" of Songzhong and has attracted worldwide attention. It has become an excellent tree species for urban and garden greening in North China. On both sides of Tiananmen Square in Beijing, the General Administration and General Staff Department, Xiangshan botanical garden, and Pinus bungeana for greening Olympic venues are all transplanted from Wujin mountain.

shrub

1. Vitex: deciduous shrub, Vitex genus of Verbenaceae, also known as Vitex, Vitex negundo, wuzhigan, tuchangshan, etc. It is 1-5 meters high and has a long flowering period. It blooms from June to August. The flowers form an open panicle with a blue purple corolla. It has a spherical or obovate drupe and its fruiting period is from July to October.

Vitex negundo is a typical vegetation on sunny and semi sunny slopes in arid mountainous areas of North China, which also has high ornamental value. Its leaves, stems, fruits and roots can be used as medicine.

Vitex negundo is also a famous nectar plant. The honey collected from its flowers is called Vitex negundo honey, which is one of the four famous honey (Vitex negundo honey, jujube honey, Sophora japonica honey, litchi honey). The stem bark can be used for papermaking and artificial cotton. The branches are tough, which is a good material for baskets.

2. Rosa davurica: deciduous shrub, also known as Rosa davurica, Rosa davurica, Rosaceae. Branchlets brown or maroon, spiny. The flowers are yellow and the flowering period is from May to June. The fruit is globose, red and yellow. The fruit period is from July to August. It is an important ornamental plant in late spring and early summer in North China. It blooms golden and bright

Chinese PinYin : Wu Jin Shan