National Costume Museum of Beijing Institute of fashion

National Costume Museum of Beijing Institute of fashion

Founded in 2000, the National Costume Museum of Beijing Institute of fashion is the first professional costume museum in China and a cultural research institution integrating collection, exhibition, scientific research and teaching. It is one of the best professional clothing museums in China, with a collection of more than 10000 pieces of clothing, ornaments and fabrics of various ethnic groups in China, as well as nearly 1000 precious pictures of the lives of Yi, Tibetan and Qiang people in the 1930s. The national costume museum has an exhibition area of 2000 square meters, with seven exhibition halls and a learning hall for the youth and the public to learn, understand and interact with the traditional skills of national costumes.

brief introduction

(overview of sources)

Overview of picture sources

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The National Costume Museum of Beijing Institute of fashion was established in 1990 with the approval of Beijing Municipal Bureau of cultural relics in 2000. It is the first professional costume museum in China. It is a high-level characteristic museum with modern display means and active social service. It is also a cultural research institution integrating collection, display, scientific research and teaching. It has won the title of "National Museum" Top ten display products of "best production Award". By 2013, the national costume museum is one of the best professional costume museums in China, with an exhibition area of 2000 square meters. It has seven exhibition halls, including ethnic costume hall, Han costume hall, Miao costume hall, metalworking jewelry hall, brocade embroidery and batik hall, Olympic costume hall and photo hall. It also has a multi-function hall for teaching and academic exchange activities, and can communicate with the audience It is now an interactive traditional Chinese costume and crafts learning hall. The national costume museum has a collection of more than 10000 pieces of clothing, ornaments, fabrics, batik and embroidery of various nationalities in China. The museum also has nearly a thousand precious pictures of Yi, Tibetan and Qiang people's life costumes taken in the 1920s and 1930s.

Adhering to the teaching guiding ideology of "the combination of national costume culture and modern design concept, the combination of theoretical teaching and practical teaching" of Beijing Institute of fashion, the museum, based on the teaching needs of the Institute, combines the dissemination of traditional national costume culture with modern teaching, takes teaching as the foundation and teaching service as the premise, and strives to create a high-level culture for the students of the Institute Learning environment, guiding students to understand and recognize the root of national culture, provides conditions for the establishment of art design teaching system with Chinese national characteristics in Beijing Institute of fashion. At present, there is a research center for ethnic costume culture and a master's degree program for ethnic costume culture, which has become a good platform for teaching and scientific research. In 2008, the museum was officially awarded the title of "Beijing Patriotic Education Base" by Beijing municipal government. According to Ju's official website, the museum has become a teaching base, scientific research base, education base and international cultural exchange base with certain social influence and broad prospects.

Visit information

open time

Every Tuesday and Thursday, 8:30-11:30 a.m. and 13:30-16:30 p.m

13:30-16:30 pm every Saturday

(Note: stop entering the museum 30 minutes before closing; close on holidays, winter and summer holidays)

Group visits with more than 20 people should be made by telephone one week in advance

admission ticket

The National Costume Museum of Beijing Institute of fashion is one of the first 33 museums open to the public free of charge in Beijing. It has been visited free of charge since March 28, 2008.

architectural composition

Metalworking jewelry Hall

Many nationalities in China have the habit of wearing silver ornaments. In the traditional concept, silver ornaments can ward off evil spirits and have the meaning of auspiciousness and happiness; in the modern concept, silver ornaments are the display of wealth and beauty. The custom of advocating silver ornaments of all nationalities contains rich cultural contents. Due to the differences in geographical environment, cultural background and living customs, the northern and southern nationalities show quite different decorative styles. Even among different branches of the same nationality, there are great differences in silver ornaments. For example, the silver ornaments of Leishan short skirt Miao in the Miao nationality reflect the primitive and rough cultural characteristics from the shape to decorative patterns, while the silver ornaments of Shidong Qingjiang Miao, which is more developed in culture, are delicate. Therefore, these differences greatly enrich the types of silver ornaments.

Silver ornaments can be divided into headwear, EARWEAR, neckwear, chest ornament, bracelet, ring, silver bubble, silver flower, silver piece, silver bell and so on. The production process of silver ornaments is very complex, including inlaying method, inlaying beads and inlaying jade; flower carving method, Dragon carving and Phoenix carving; flower silk method, pan silk flower weaving; all kinds of metalworking techniques, such as welding, forging, hollowing out, wire winding and bead spotting, etc.

Ethnic costume Hall

There are obvious differences between the north and the south in Chinese national costumes, Long dress decoration is an important feature of the costumes of all ethnic groups in northern China. The styles of the costumes of all ethnic groups in northern China, which belong to plain culture, tend to be unified in their richness. Most of them are large and thick robes with large or inclined placket. The materials of the costumes are mainly fur, felt, Velcro and brocade. The ornaments are mainly precious gold and silver, pearl jade, coral and pine stone. This is true of Manchu, Mongolian, Tibetan, Oroqen, Ewenki, Uygur, Tajik, Kazak, Kirgiz, Yugu and other nationalities.

The clothing of the southern ethnic groups belonging to the mountain culture is mostly in the form of top and lower garment, and the clothing materials are mainly cotton and hemp. The variety of clothing styles and rich decorative forms can be described as magnificent, which is determined by the characteristics of the mountain culture. Among the southern ethnic groups, the most gorgeous costumes are the silver embroidered clothes of Shidong Miao people; the most simple ones are the Guan tou clothes of Li and Wa people; the most strange ones are the dog tail clothes of Yao people; the most beautiful ones are the short skirts of Dai people; and the most abundant ones are the young girls of Hani people. They can be decorated with flowers, grass beads, seashells, feathers and beetles Things.

The shape of Chinese national clothing can be divided into robes, long dresses, dresses, skirts, trousers, skirts, trousers, skirts, skirts, skirts, skirts, skirts and other basic styles. These shapes contain the original form of clothing and its development process. Therefore, Chinese national clothing is known as "a living history of clothing development".

Weaving, dyeing and embroidery Hall

All ethnic groups in China have a tradition of weaving. The northern ethnic groups are good at weaving wool, while the southern ethnic groups are good at weaving cotton, linen or brocade. As early as the Han Dynasty, China's brocade technology has been very developed, since then, continuous development, masterpiece times. The brocade of the southern nationalities has absorbed the essence of the brocade in the past and incorporated into the customs and cultural characteristics of the nation, making tapestry the most distinctive folk weaving art in southern China.

Embroidery is gradually rising with the birth of fabrics. It uses silk and cotton thread to form patterns on cloth and satin with the operation of needles. Embroidery is widely used in folk costumes. People in the north and South use it to decorate their clothes. There are many kinds of embroidery, such as braid embroidery, lock embroidery, twist embroidery, pile embroidery, horsetail embroidery, crepe embroidery, counting yarn embroidery, cross embroidery, seed embroidery, Cujin embroidery, tin embroidery, hollow out embroidery, clip embroidery and so on.

In the Tang Dynasty, batik painting technology had reached its peak. When the original batik was gradually replaced by Kesi, brocade, embroidery and other crafts, in the southwest, central and southern Miao, Yao, Buyi, Gelao and other ethnic groups, batik is still handed down from generation to generation, and shows eternal charm with its simple and fresh style.

Weaving, embroidery and dyeing are not only various in forms and exquisite in craftsmanship, but also rich in cultural connotations. People without words use the painting functions of weaving, dyeing and embroidery, and use patterns to depict primitive totems, record historical myths, reproduce customs and customs, and express spiritual yearning, which makes its value far beyond the function of practicality and decoration.

Old photo Hall

On display in the old photo hall are a number of Ethnic Investigation pictures from the 1930s, which were taken by the famous ethnologist and photographer Mr. Zhuang Xueben. Mr. Zhuang's photos are rich in content, reflecting the social history, political economy, religious culture and customs of the Yi, Qiang and Tibetan people at that time. It has high ethnological value and historical significance.

From the content of the photos, we can see that the author has keen ethnological vision, superb photography skills and aesthetic consciousness. The author's excellent comprehensive quality makes these photos not only academic but also artistic. The photos include war scenes, religious rituals, daily life, and many pictures reflecting the evolution of clothing. They clearly show the social features of all ethnic groups in Xikang area, which borders Sichuan and Tibet at the beginning of last century. Some contents have completely disappeared in the process of social and historical development, so these old photos are more precious and have more historical value.

Miao costume Hall

Among the ethnic groups in southern China, Miao's costumes are the most colorful. There are more than 100 branches of Miao nationality, and there are more than 100 kinds of costumes. There are different styles from the fine and beautiful Shidong Miao costumes to the primitive and rough Nandan Miao costumes. Guizhou is the most exquisite place for Miao costumes. Embroidery, batik, textile and silver ornaments are all excellent, which fully reflects the distinctive Miao costumes art.

Miao nationality is a nation with strong national consciousness and artistic talent. They not only pour their cultural tradition into oral literature, but also into literature

Chinese PinYin : Bei Jing Fu Zhuang Xue Yuan Min Zu Fu Shi Bo Wu Guan