Guangsheng Temple

Guangsheng Temple

Hongdong Guangsheng temple is located in Hongdong County, Shanxi Province, a national AAAA scenic spot

. The temple was built in 147, the first year of emperor Huan's Jianhe in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It was formerly known as julushe temple, also known as Yuwang pagoda, and was renamed Guangsheng temple in the Tang Dynasty.

In the fourth year of Dali in Tang Dynasty (769), Zhongshu ordered Guo Ziyi, the king of Fenyang, to write an official document for reconstruction. During the song and Jin Dynasties, Guangsheng temple was destroyed by fire and rebuilt. In 1303, a great earthquake occurred in Pingyang (now Linfen), and all temple buildings were destroyed. It was rebuilt in the autumn of 1305. Since then, in 1555, the 34th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty and 1695, the Pingyang area had another earthquake, but the temples were not greatly damaged by these two earthquakes. Except for the Feihong pagoda and Daxiong hall rebuilt in Ming Dynasty, the rest were all Yuan Dynasty buildings.

Hongdong Guangsheng Temple scenic area is divided into upper temple, lower temple and water temple. Feihong pagoda, Zhaocheng Jincang and Yuan Dynasty frescoes of shuishen temple are also known as "Guangsheng three wonders". Feihong pagoda is one of the five Buddhist relic pagodas and four existing ancient pagodas in China. It is also the largest and most complete glazed Pagoda with craftsman's inscription

. Zhaocheng Jincang is the format of kaibaocang, the first woodcut version of the Tripitaka in Song Dynasty. This Tripitaka is a rare Chinese version of Sanskrit scriptures collected from Tianzhu by Xuanzang, the great master of Sanzang in Tang Dynasty. There is only one Tripitaka in the world, so it is regarded as a rare treasure. Together with Yongle Dadian, Sikuquanshu and Dunhuang posthumous books, it is also known as the treasure of the four Town Libraries of the National Library

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Historical evolution

In 147, the first year of Jianhe in the later Han Dynasty, jushe temple was built. In 424, the first year of emperor Taiwu of Wei Dynasty, the monks and Taoists were killed, the Scriptures were burned, and the temples were burned. In the third year of Baoding (563) of Emperor Wu of the Later Zhou Dynasty, you zengzhengjue built a floating picture of chaotai and excavated a broken stele. The stele has records of Jian and Fu Jian in the first year, which is the earliest record of Guangsheng temple. In the third year of Wude (547) of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the decree was issued to destroy the Buddha and stop building the pagoda.

In the reign of Zhenguan in the Tang Dynasty (627), Huoquan water was used by hongsanzhaoqifen. In the first year of Shangyuan (760) of the Tang Dynasty, he was granted the xianwuzheng bhikkhu to build a pagoda. The pagoda was built in the former site of Ashoka's relic by royal decree. The pagoda was completed and Li Mi, the prime minister, granted Ming Yingshen to protect it. In the fourth year of Dali (769) of the Tang Dynasty, Shuofang left wing military envoy Kaifu, together with Li guangzan, the Chief Secretary of Hedong observation department, and also Guo Ziyi, the king of Fenyang, Zhongshu Province, applied for the construction of the temple. On May 27 of the same year, Guo Ziyi was able to turn around Li guangzan. The temple of Guangsheng in the Tang Dynasty is still granted. In the fourth year of Dali (769) of the Tang Dynasty, it was named as the julushe temple, because it was named as the julushe temple in the Eastern Han Dynasty. In the mid autumn of the first year of the Eastern Han Dynasty (146), the temple was granted the imperial edict to build a tower, so it was named as the julushe temple. During the reign of emperor Taihe of Tang Dynasty (827-835), Yingwang Temple of Ming Dynasty was rebuilt. In 845, Emperor Wuzong of Tang Dynasty destroyed the temple to drive away monks. In the Later Zhou Dynasty, the 4600 area of Tianxia temple was abandoned, and more than 250000 monks and nuns were returned to the secular life. Guangsheng temple was destroyed again.

In 955, the second year of Xiande reign of emperor Shizong of the Later Zhou Dynasty, Pujing, a monk, died in the upper temple. In the first year of Che (1079) of the song and Yuan Dynasties, Du Tui, the governor of Heyang, visited Guangsheng temple and wrote a poem about Wangshan Pavilion. In the second year of caishaosheng (1095), a stone statue was built.

In 1122, Zong Ying, a monk, built three gates of the upper temple and houfa hall, and cast ten thousand jin Hongzhong. In 1153, the first year of emperor Zhenyuan of Jin hailing, people from Dongcun village of Zhaocheng built Xiasi, Taishang Dafo temple. Before the fall of Jin Dynasty, the soldiers were on the verge of disturbing and burning the water temple.

In 1260, the water temple was rebuilt. In the 20th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1283), the water temple and Xiasi Buddhist temple were built again, and the song version of the Scriptures was granted. The water temple was rebuilt in 1284. On August 6, 1303, the Pingyang earthquake destroyed the shuishen temple. In 1305, the Great Buddha Hall of Xiasi was rebuilt. In 1319, the water temple was rebuilt. Yuantaiding six years (1324) painted water temple murals. In the second year of the Yuan Dynasty (1342), the underground Hall of Xiasi was rebuilt.

In the third year of Hongwu (1371) of the Ming Dynasty, the water temple was built. In 1380, the water temple was completed. In 1452, the main hall of Shangsi was rebuilt. In 1472, the main hall of Xiasi was built and the Buddha statue was shaped. In 1475, the main hall of Xiasi was completed. In 1476, the temple was rebuilt and completed. In the fifth year of hongqia in Ming Dynasty (1492), the temple bell was cast. In 1497, Pilu hall was rebuilt. In the 14th year of Hongzhi of Ming Dynasty (1501), the construction of Pilu temple was completed, and the contract book of land Mu was established in the same year. In 1515, monk Dalian began to build the Feihong tower. In the 16th year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty (1521), the Golden Buddha was cast under the Feihong pagoda. In 1527, the Feihong tower was completed. In 1581, the mural of Maitreya hall was rebuilt. In the first year of Qi (1621), monk Dahui of the capital funded the construction of the corridor around the pagoda. In 1622, Xiasi temple will be rebuilt, the statue of Buddha Hall will be enlarged, and Yanguang will be added. Tomorrow in 1622, the Golden Buddha statue of Xiasi will be rebuilt. In 1623, the construction of the cloister will be completed. In the eighth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1675), murals of pagoda and gallery were painted.

In 1659, Yang Chunlian, father and son of Shiming village in the north of Zhaocheng, painted the temple and sat on the 53 Buddha statues. In the fourth year of Kangxi reign (1665) of the Qing Dynasty, the situation map of Guangsheng mountains and rivers was painted on the iron gate tablet of Fenshui. In 1673, Xiasi was rebuilt. In 1707, the statue of Buddha in the front hall of jinzhuangxia temple. In 1709, the underground Hall of Xiasi was rebuilt. In 1711, Xiasi was rebuilt. In the 56th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1717), the tower base and ring building were built. In the spring of the fourth year of Yongzheng reign in the Qing Dynasty (1726), Liu Dengyong, the magistrate of Pingyang, had many disputes over the uneven flow of water between Hongzhao and Sanqi counties. In the third year of Yongzheng reign, Liu Chuang divided the iron pillar into ten holes with stone walls. The work started in September of the third year and was completed in the spring of the fourth year. In 1728, the temple was built. In the 12th year of Yongzheng reign (1734) of the Qing Dynasty, the statues of Guanyin and other Buddhas were collected in jinmaoxia temple. On March 27th, the 13th year of Yongzheng reign in Qing Dynasty (1735), the front hall of Shangsi temple was rebuilt. In the eighth year of Qianlong reign of Qing Dynasty (1743), the statue of Xiasi Buddha was decorated with gold. In 1746, the temple was rebuilt, and the bell tower and the platform in front of the Zhongda hall were built. In 1751, the Weituo hall was built, and the water temple was built in the same year, with the statue of the Dragon King. The stage was rebuilt and eight holes in the back wall of the brick kiln were repaired. In 1768, the West Hakka Hall of Xiadu was built and the East kiln of Xiasi was built. In 1784, the Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty cast a golden jar on the temple and carved a surface of water and land under the temple. In 1791, the temple was built. In 1824, the main hall of the temple was built. In the 26th year of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty (1846), Shangsi bell tower, pagoda room and Zen hall were rebuilt. In the seventh year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1857), the water dividing Pavilion at the Mountain Gate of Yingwang hall was built. In 1889, the temple of shangsiguan was rebuilt.

In 1921, the evil gentry of Zhao city destroyed the water temple, built three gates in Yuan Dynasty and built a wooden archway in Qing Dynasty. From 1921 to 1928, Zhenda, a monk in Xiasi temple, broke the precepts and neglected the affairs of Tang Dynasty, which resulted in the loss of one third of the song version of Xiasi scriptures. In the same year, Zhao City's evil gentry colluded with Xiasi and abhorred Zhenda (later returned to Chai Village) to sell the Yuan Dynasty Murals of Xiasi's Great Buddha Hall to foreigners at a low price. The cultural relics of the motherland suffered great losses and are now in the Nelson Museum of the United States. In March 1929, monk Zhenda built a Buddhist temple with 1600 yuan silver for murals. In January 1937, Li Kong took over the chair of Guangsheng temple. In the same year, all the gold in Xiasi was collected in Shangsi. In 1938, the shifangzu pagoda of Shangsi and the brick kiln building of Dongyuan were renovated. In 1940, Chang shaoqiao, the magistrate of the Anti Japanese government of Zhaocheng County, produced a notice forbidding anyone to enter and destroy the temple. In 1942, the front and back halls of Weituo hall and the corridor of pagoda were built. On April 25, 1942, the party, government and army of Taiyue district and Hongzhao District cooperated to transport more than 4000 volumes of Zhaocheng gold to the base area, avoiding the Japanese invaders' plundering of the precious cultural relics of the motherland. During the war of liberation in 1947, Taiyue middle school moved to guangshengxia temple. All the Buddha statues in the main hall of Xiasi temple were destroyed, and the doors and windows were damaged seriously. In 1948, Huo spring water of Guangsheng temple was used uniformly.

In 1949, Huoquan Water Conservancy Committee of Linfen special office borrowed the address of water temple. A lot of Steles in the past dynasties were destroyed by building a gate with a ridge. On May 21, 1949, Zhaocheng gold collection was transported from the base area to Beijing and handed over to Beijing Library for collection. Xinhua News Agency sent a special telegram. However, the telegram put forward that eight soldiers had been sacrificed to protect the Scriptures, which was later verified to be correct. On June 17, 1952, Guangsheng Temple Cultural Relics Management Committee was established, and on December 1, Zhaocheng Guangsheng Temple historic site maintenance office was established. In October 1952, Du Xianzhou and Cui douchen, leaders of the central and provincial cultural departments, inspected Guangsheng temple and directed the renovation work. Prior to this, on August 9, the provincial government allocated 60 million yuan for key repair. In 1961, the State Council announced Guangsheng temple as the first batch of national cultural relics protection units. In 1964, Beijing Workers repaired the glass tower components and pressed the lightning rod. From 1973 to 1975, it was put down to repair the back hall of the temple. In 1975, the East and west side hall of Shangsi temple was built and the ancestral hall was relocated. In 1976, the West Chamber of Shangsi temple was repaired. From 1977 to 1979, the front hall of Shangsi temple was repaired by the Provincial Bureau of cultural relics. nineteen

Chinese PinYin : Guang Sheng Si