Kizilgaha beacon

Kizilgaha beacon is located in yixihala Township, Kuqa County, 10km southeast of Kuqa County. Kizilgaha means "red sentry" in ancient Turkic. First built in the Han Dynasty, because the desert Gobi is not suitable for the construction of the Great Wall, it was replaced by beacon towers. Kizilgaha is the longest and best preserved beacon site of rammed earth building among hundreds of beacon sites along the ancient Silk Road in Xinjiang.

One kilometer away, there are kizilgaha grottoes, which are excavated on the cliff with a width of 170 meters from east to west and a length of 300 meters from north to south. There are 54 existing caves and 46 numbered caves, of which 39 are relatively complete and 13 have murals. Kizilgaha Grottoes is the nearest grotto temple to the ancient capital of kuizi state. It belongs to the national temple. It is an important part of kuizi grottoes and an important Buddhist cultural site on the "Silk Road".

Kizilgaha beacon

Kizilgaha beacon, located in yixihala Township, Kuqa County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is located on the impact platform at the mouth of Yanzigou at the southern foot of Queletage mountain. The beacon was built in the Han Dynasty. Beacon fire, or beacon fire, is a measure of military intelligence alarm in ancient times. According to historical records, raising fire at night is called beacon fire, and releasing smoke during the day is called flint. It is the earliest and best preserved beacon site on the North Road of the ancient Silk Road, and is located in the golden section of the North Road of the Silk Road, with superior location conditions and high tourism value.

Kizilgaha beacon was approved as the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council in June 2001

. In 2005, it was listed in the Silk Road (Xinjiang section) large site protection project, and kizilgaha Fengsui was announced as a national key cultural relic protection unit in China.

Cultural relics

Kizilgaha beacon, the basement plane is rectangular, 6 meters long from east to west, 4 meters wide from north to south.

Kizilgaha beacon, 10 kilometers southeast of Kuqa County, 1200 meters above sea level. It is 260km away from Aksu city. From the base upward, it gradually shrinks into a trapezoid, about 13 meters high. The beacon tower is a rammed earth structure with a thickness of 12-15m. The rammed layer in the upper part is sandwiched with a wooden bone layer. The top is built with wood blocks and a watchtower. At present, only the remains of the wooden fence are left. The beacon body is naturally eroded and weathered. The middle and upper parts of the south side are in the shape of grooves.

Kizilgaha means "red sentry" in ancient Turkic.

Kizilgaha beacon tower in Kuqa folklore is a tower built by an ancient king. A prophet told the king, "according to the hexagram, the princess will die of scorpions on the earth." Worried about the loss of his beloved daughter, the king hastened to give an order, and a high tower stood beside the Yanzigou road leading to kizilgaha thousand Buddha cave. The princess moved from the golden palace to the tower.

The strict guard didn't let her escape the fate. The scorpion, who was destined to kill the princess, got into the apple core sent by her father! Although the careful King peeled the apple himself. The pathetic cry has fixed a yellow tower in the wind and sand for thousands of years, and the lonely travelers in the desert call him "kizilgaha".

Folklore

Beacon fire, also known as beacon and flint, is a measure of military intelligence alarm in ancient times, that is, when the enemy invades in the daytime, it burns smoke (beacon) and when the enemy invades in the night, it fires (Flint) to report to all parties and superiors with visible smoke and light. Beacon towers were called Beacon hous (beacon Hou) and tingsui in Han Dynasty, beacon towers in Tang and Song Dynasty, and the word "beacon" was also extended to beacon towers. In Ming Dynasty, they were generally called Yandun or Duntai (in Northwest Ming Dynasty, the large pier had the function of defending the enemy, while the small pier only had the function of watching the distance without the function of lighting beacon fires).

The beacon towers are generally about 10 Li apart, and there are also about 5 Li apart in the Ming Dynasty. When the soldiers found the enemy coming, they immediately set up a beacon fire on the tower. When the neighboring towers saw it, they followed suit, so that the enemy's situation could be quickly transmitted to the military central departments.

To put it simply, it is to report military information.

It can be traced back to the Shang Dynasty more than 3000 years ago. At that time, it was called "Yi" by bus and "Yi" by horse. As early as the Zhou Dynasty, the transmission of the beacon fire began. The Zhou Dynasty stipulated that when the emperor raised the beacon fire, the princes of all places must immediately lead troops to rescue and resist the enemy.

Historical records

According to historical records, raising a fire at night is called "beacon", and releasing smoke during the day is called "flint". In order to make the smoke straight but not curved, the ancients often used wolf dung instead of firewood grass, so "Sui" is also called "wolf smoke". The system of beacon and flint is very strict. It stipulates different signals to indicate the number of people invading the enemy, such as holding one beacon or flint, signaling 500 people to come to the enemy, holding two beacon or flint for more than 500 people, and so on. Horse riding, car riding and beacon fire transmission were interdependent and were used until the Qing Dynasty. The official in charge of the beacon tower was called "Suichang", who led a group of people to wait day and night, and was ordered to send or receive information at any time.

Cultural relics protection

In June 2010, the first comprehensive monitoring project for the protection of earthen sites and cultural relics in China was carried out by the Survey Institute of electronic comprehensive investigation and Research Institute of the Ministry of information industry of the people's Republic of China, and it was carried out in kizilgaha Fengsui, Kuqa County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.

The comprehensive monitoring project of Fengsui lasts for one year. The monitoring contents include the establishment of three-dimensional data model, environmental monitoring, body disease monitoring (such as weathering, fracture, gully and erosion monitoring), soluble salt monitoring and overall deformation monitoring, the establishment of integrated monitoring information management system of Fengsui and the comprehensive analysis of monitoring data.

Protection work

The monitoring data is accurate to 0.01mm, which can accurately obtain the scientific data such as the weathering rate of beacon chert rammed earth, the variation law of cracks, the development and variation law of gullies, the development and variation law of key erosion areas and the influence of soluble salt content on other diseases, so as to provide scientific basis for the implementation of beacon chert protection. It can be said that through the implementation of the monitoring project, the natural life of the beacon can be calculated scientifically and reasonably.

Address: yixihala Township, Kuqa County, Aksu Prefecture

Longitude: 82.925409

Latitude: 41.7323

Ticket information: ticket 15

Chinese PinYin : Ke Zi Er Ga Ha Feng Sui