Harbin martyrs cemetery

Founded in 1948, Harbin martyr cemetery is a key martyr memorial building protection unit in China and a cultural relic protection unit in Heilongjiang Province. Located at No.1, TIYU street, Dongli District, Harbin city. Covering an area of 40000 square meters, it is a key martyr memorial building protection unit in China. In November 1948, General Zhu Rui, the artillery commander of the Northeast People's Liberation Army, was buried here. The cemetery is composed of martyrs' deeds exhibition hall, martyrs' Memorial Hall, martyrs' tombs and other buildings. Zhang Aiping, Chinese defense minister, inscribed the name of "Harbin martyrs cemetery".

Harbin martyrs cemetery

Founded in 1948, Harbin martyr cemetery is a key martyr memorial building protection unit in China and a cultural relic protection unit in Heilongjiang Province. Located at No.1, TIYU street, Dongli District, Harbin city. Covering an area of 40000 square meters, it is a key martyr memorial building protection unit in China. In November 1948, General Zhu Rui, the artillery commander of the Northeast People's Liberation Army, was buried here. The cemetery is composed of martyrs' deeds exhibition hall, martyrs' Memorial Hall, martyrs' tombs and other buildings. Zhang Aiping, Chinese defense minister, inscribed the name of "Harbin martyrs cemetery".

In January 2017, the national development and Reform Commission, the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, the Ministry of finance, the National Tourism Administration and the Party History Research Office of the CPC Central Committee published the list of national Red Tourism classic scenic spots, among which Harbin martyrs' cemetery was listed.

Construction history

In 1952, Harbin civil affairs bureau began to plan and design the cemetery. In 1953, the tomb of General Zhu Rui was rebuilt. After reconstruction, the tomb of General Zhu Rui is square and of cement structure. The coffin was built in the tomb. In front of the tomb is the tomb tower, which is 7 meters high and overlaid with white marble and red granite. On the top of the tower stands an iron red five-star, on the front of the upper part of the tower is inlaid with the big gold character "Tomb of General Zhu Rui", and on the middle of the tower base is a biography of General Zhu Rui. There is a square in front of the tomb, which can hold 4000 people for mourning activities. The tomb is surrounded by tall and straight pines, lush and magnificent. At the same time, tombstones were built and inscriptions were written for the 12 martyrs behind General Zhu Rui's tomb.

In 1954, the remains of Chen Hanzhang and Wang Yachen were moved from the Northeast martyrs memorial hall to Harbin martyrs cemetery. Harbin Municipal People's government allocated funds to build the tombs of Chen Hanzhang and Wang Yachen on both sides of Zhu Rui's tomb. The base of General Chen Hanzhang's tomb is square, the body is round, with white marble and granite veneers, and eight steps on all sides. There is a chamber on the back of the tomb

. The front of the tombstone is engraved with the regular script "Tomb of General Chen Hanzhang" in black, and the lower left is: "the Harbin Municipal People's government and all the people stand respectfully". The back is engraved with the inscription written by Zhou Baozhong, the former commander in chief of the second route army of the Northeast Anti Japanese coalition army. The base of General Wang Yachen's tomb is square, the body is square, and there are eight steps on all sides. There is a chamber on the back of the tomb and a platform inside. A jar with wide mouth and plexiglass cover for the funeral of the martyr's head. On the front of the tombstone, the black character in regular script "Tomb of General Wang Yachen" is engraved. The inscription on the lower left side is "the Harbin Municipal People's government and all the people are respectfully established" and the inscription on the back.

In October 1958, Harbin Municipal People's government appropriated special funds to build the cemetery wall, and moved the spiritual pivot of the famous martyr general Lu Dongsheng from the experimental forest farm of Northeast Agricultural University to the cemetery for burial, and built a tombstone for him. The tomb of general Lu Dongsheng is rectangular, with a tomb in the middle and a square cone-shaped black marble facing tombstone. The front of the tombstone is engraved with gold characters of regular script "Tomb of general Lu Dongsheng". In front of the pagoda stands a gray black marble tablet, with the regular script "Tomb of Comrade Lu Dongsheng" on the front and two inscriptions written by he long, former Vice Premier of the State Council, and Luo Kunshan, an old comrade in arms, on the back.

In 1970, Harbin municipal government built the martyr's ashes hall in the cemetery, which was completed in 1972. In August 1975, it officially received and placed the ashes of the martyrs, displayed the remains of the martyrs, and displayed the deeds of the martyrs. In the park, the corridor was paved again, and a large number of pine trees, cloves, forsythia, small peach and other shrubs and fruit trees were planted, which improved the environment of the cemetery. Since then, the state has repeatedly allocated funds for expansion, added exhibition halls and built martyrs' tombs.

geographical position

Located at No.1, TIYU street, Dongli District, Harbin city.

Famous martyrs

Famous martyrs in the cemetery

1、 Chen Hanzhang

Chen Hanzhang, a native of Dunhua County, Jilin Province, was born in 1913. He graduated from Aodong middle school in Dunhua in 1930 and was employed as a teacher of county primary school and a correspondent of Jichang daily. After the September 18th Incident in 1931, he took an active part in the Anti Japanese and national salvation activities. He joined the Anti Japanese and National Salvation Army in September 1932, served as secretary in the front headquarters, and joined the Communist Party of China in early 1933. In the autumn of 1934, he served as the squadron instructor of the Anti Japanese workers and peasants volunteer team, and carried out the Anti Japanese guerrilla war in Mudanjiang area. In the spring of 1935, he served as chief of staff of the second division of the Fifth Army of the Suining Anti Japanese Alliance Army and Secretary of the CPC division Party committee. In April 1936, he was transferred to the fifth division of the second army of the Northeast People's revolutionary army and a member of the Standing Committee of the special committee of Daonan of the Communist Party of China. In August 1939, he was a member of the CPC Southern Manchuria Provincial Committee and commander of the third front army of the first route army of the Anti Japanese Federation.

In the hard years, Chen Hanzhang led his troops to fight in Ning'an, EMU, Dunhua, Jiaohe and other places, and repeatedly defeated the Japanese aggressors. On December 8, 1940, he led a small team of more than 30 people to move around Jingpo Lake. Because of the traitor's informer, he was surrounded by Japanese soldiers. Although he fought hard, he finally ran out of ammunition and food because of the disparity between the people. He died heroically near Xiaowangou village on the southeast Bank of Jingpo Lake.

2、 Wang Yachen

Wang Yachen, formerly known as Wang Yachen, was born in 1911, a worker. After the September 18th Incident, he took part in the song Delin volunteer army and moved around the Lalin River Basin in Wuchang county. In the spring of 1936, under the influence of the Anti Japanese United Front Policy of the Communist Party of China, he led the army to accept the leadership of the Communist Party of China and was reorganized into the Eighth Army of the Northeast People's revolutionary army and served as the commander of the army. Later, he was reorganized into the tenth army of the Northeast Anti Japanese United Army and actively participated in the Anti Japanese struggle. In the extremely difficult environment, he fought bravely with the Fifth Army of the Northeast Anti Japanese coalition army and dealt a severe blow to the Japanese army. On January 29, 1941, he was surrounded by Japanese troops on the Bank of shitouliangzi River in Wuchang county. He was seriously injured and captured in the fierce battle. He died on his way to jiajiagou.

3、 Lu Dongsheng

Lu Dongsheng, alias Song Ming, was born in 1907 in Xiangtan County, Hunan Province. At the age of 7, he worked as a cattle herder, and at the age of 10, he became an apprentice in an iron factory in Xiangtan city. He joined the Xiang army in 1921 and took part in the northern expedition in 1926. After the "April 12" counter revolutionary coup in 1927, under the influence and drive of Chen Geng, a Communist Party member, he took part in the "August 1" Nanchang Uprising. On December 7 of the same year, Chen Geng and Wang Genying introduced him to join the Communist Party of China. At the beginning of 1928, he went to Western Hunan and Hubei with he long and Zhou Yiqun to mobilize the masses, organize armed struggle and establish revolutionary bases. He once served as the commander of the pistol company of the Fourth Army command of the workers' and peasants' Red Army, the battalion commander and head of the seventh division of the second Red Army, the political commissar of the independent division, the head of the third red army training regiment, the division commander of the seventh Red Army, the member of the military Party committee, and the division commander of the fourth division of the second Red Army. He took part in the long march in November 1935. He studied in Yan'an Anti Japanese university in 1937. In March 1939, he was organized to study in the special class of volongzhi Army University of the Soviet Union. In 1941, he joined the teaching brigade of the Northeast Anti Japanese United Army as an instructor. After the victory of the Anti Japanese war in 1945, he returned to Harbin to serve as the commander of Songjiang military region. He died on November 16 of the same year. He was 38 years old.

4、 Zhu Rui

Zhu Rui was born in Suqian County, Jiangsu Province in 1904. He was admitted to Guangzhou University in 1926, and soon joined the Communist Youth League. He was sent to Moscow artillery school by the party organization to study. He became a communist in 1928.

In 1930, he returned to China and worked in the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China. In early 1932, he went to Jiangxi Central Soviet Area and successively served as director of the Political Department of the Red Army school, political member of the fifth Red Army Corps, and director of the Political Department of the first Red Army Corps. At the beginning of the Anti Japanese War, he was transferred to work in the northern Bureau. In 1939, he was sent to Shandong as secretary of the Shandong Branch of the Communist Party of China. In 1943, he returned to Yan'an to study. In 1945, he attended the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China and later served as president of the artillery school. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he led the artillery school to the northeast and served as the artillery commander and principal of the artillery School of the Northeast People's Liberation Army. Unfortunately, he died in the battle of liberation of Yixian County on October 1, 1948. He was 43 years old.

Major exhibitions

There are general Zhu Rui, the supreme General of our army who died in the war of liberation, the founder of the outstanding artillery, the artillery commander of the Northeast People's Liberation Army, and general Lu Dongsheng, the commander of the Songjiang military region. Chen Hanzhang, commander of the third front army of the first route army of the East Japanese allied forces, and Wang Yachen, commander of the tenth army of the Northeast Anti Japanese allied forces, are buried here. This is also the only remaining martyr's head in the country

There are also martyrs such as Suning, the model of contemporary soldiers. The revolutionary martyrs memorial hall displays the heroic deeds of 24 martyrs. The tombs of 17 martyrs include Zhu Rui, artillery commander of the Northeast People's Liberation Army, Chen Hanzhang, commander of the third front army of the first route army of the Northeast Anti Japanese United Army, Wang Yachen, commander of the tenth army of the Northeast Anti Japanese United Army, Lu Dongsheng, commander of the Songjiang military region and Harbin garrison, and Wang fengjiang, a fighting hero. There is also a joint Tomb of 21 martyrs. At the back of General Zhu Rui's tomb, there is a martyrs' deeds exhibition hall and martyrs' Memorial Hall, with an area of 300 square meters. The martyrs' cemetery is solemn and solemn with green pines. There are 141 martyrs' ashes boxes in the memorial hall, displaying the names and records of 22814 martyrs in Heilongjiang Province

Chinese PinYin : Ha Er Bin Lie Shi Ling Yuan