Nanluogu Lane

Nanluoguxiang is one of the oldest blocks in Beijing, which is among the 25 old city reserves in the planning. NanLuoGu lane, which runs from north to south, starts from Gulou East Street in the north and ends at Di'anmen East Street in the south, with a total length of 786 meters and a width of 8 meters. It was built at the same time as Yuandadu (1267). It is the only chessboard type traditional residential area in China that completely preserves the texture, scale, grade and resources of Yuan Dynasty Hutong courtyard.

Today, there are many shops with varied styles, exquisite and fashionable private houses, and the old and new hybrid of the Yuan Dynasty's ancient alleys. Tourists from all over the world love to come here and "get lost in Beijing".

Nanluogu Lane

Nanluoguxiang is a Hutong, located in the intersection area on the east side of Beijing's central axis. It starts from Gulou East Street in the north and ends at Ping'an Street in the south, with a width of 8 meters and a total length of 787 meters. It was built in the same period of Yuandadu. It is one of the oldest streets in Beijing, with a history of more than 740 years. It is also among the 25 old city reserves in the planning. Because of its high terrain in the middle, low north and south, such as a hunchback, it is named Luoguo lane. To the Qing Dynasty, Qianlong 15 years (1750) to draw the "capital map" renamed Nanluoguxiang.

It is one of the oldest blocks in Beijing. It is the only traditional checkerboard residential area with the largest scale, the highest grade and the most abundant resources that completely preserves the courtyard texture of Yuan Dynasty Hutong in China. It is also the street with the most old Beijing style. All kinds of mansions and courtyards in the surrounding hutongs are colorful, thick and profound. NanLuoGu lane and its surrounding area used to be the center of Dadu in the Yuan Dynasty, but it was also a place of great wealth in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The streets here were full of dignitaries, and there were countless royal families. After the collapse of the Qing Dynasty, the prosperity of NanLuoGu Lane gradually came to an end.

It has been completely transformed into a pedestrian street, and vehicles are not passable.

From 0:00 on April 25, 2016, the reception of tourism teams in NanLuoGu lane was suspended. At the same time, due to the overloaded passenger flow, NanLuoGu Lane took the initiative to cancel the title of 3A scenic spot.

On December 20, 2016, Nanluoguxiang historical and Cultural District landscape protection guidelines were officially released and implemented.

Historical evolution

In the urban pattern of "zuozu YouSHE, facing the aftermarket", Nanluoguxiang is a part of "aftermarket". In Yuan Dynasty, with the South Luogu lane as the axis, Zhaohui square was in the East and Jinggong square in the West. In Ming Dynasty, it belonged to jinggongfang. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty, it belonged to Xianghuang Banner, and from the end of Guangxu to Xuantong of Qing Dynasty, it belonged to neizuo three districts. During the period of the Republic of China, it belonged to five districts.

Structural layout

NanLuoGu lane has a north-south trend, with 8 lanes in the East and West, which are arranged in a "fishbone" shape, continuing the "chessboard" pattern since ancient times. The whole block is like a big centipede, so it is also called centipede street. It is said that there used to be two ancient wells in the northernmost part of NanLuoGu lane, which just became the two eyes of this centipede. The overall texture of Hutong and Siheyuan is the embodiment of the checkerboard urban architectural pattern of Yuandadu.

To the north of Nanluoguxiang block is Gulou East Street, to the south is Di'anmen East Street, to the west is di'anmenwai street, and to the East is Jiaodaokou South Street. The rectangular plot surrounded by these four streets is exactly the two squares of Yuandadu. Taking NanLuoGu lane as the boundary, Zhaohui lane is in the East, Jinggong lane is in the west, and NanLuoGu lane is the boundary Lane between the two.

From south to north, the eight lanes in the West are Fuxiang lane, Suoyi lane, Yuer lane, Maoer lane, Jingyang lane, Shajing lane, heizhima lane, qiangulouyuan lane, hougulouyuan lane and nanxiawazi lane; the eight lanes in the East are Chaodou lane, Banchang lane, dongmianhua lane, beibingmasi lane, Qinlao lane, qianyuanensi lane and houyuanen lane Si Hutong, Ju'er Hutong. These hutongs had no names in the Yuan Dynasty, and their names evolved gradually after the Ming Dynasty. For example, Ju'er Hutong was called Ju'er Hutong in the Ming Dynasty and later changed to Ju'er Hutong. It was only called Ju'er Hutong in the Xuantong period of the Qing Dynasty and then continued. Lifang is not only the basic unit of residential organization in ancient China, but also the basic unit of urban planning and construction. In the pre Qin Dynasty, it was called "Li", "Lu" or "Lu Li". From the Northern Wei Dynasty, the name "Fang" appeared. During the planning and design of Yuandadu, the Lifang system was continued. The whole city was divided into 50 squares. Between the squares were wide and straight streets, just like a chessboard. In the Ming Dynasty, Beijing was divided into 28 squares, and the two squares were combined to be called "Zhaohui Jinggong square". In Qing Dynasty, it was inlaid with yellow flag. In the 800 years of historical changes, the structure of lidulifang in the Yuan Dynasty has changed beyond recognition. However, the historical remains of lidulifang in the Nanluoguxiang area are still well preserved. The pattern of hutongs is so complete that there are various types of mansions and courtyards in the hutongs.

Main attractions

Senggreeqin Palace

The first alley to the east of the south entrance of NanLuoGu lane is Chaodou alley. Near gate 77, not far from the west entrance of Chaodou Hutong, there is a sign with the name of the key cultural relics protection unit in Dongcheng District, which reads "Seng Wang Fu".

Sengwangfu is the palace of senggenqin in Qing Dynasty. The former monk's mansion is large in scale. The front door is in Chaodou Hutong, and the back door is in Banchang Hutong, which spans two hutongs. The palace is divided into three roads: Central, East and West, each with four entrances. In addition to the main courtyard, the east road also has four entrances to the east courtyard, forming a large building complex. After the Republic of China, the mansion was gradually auctioned by the descendants of the prince and divided into many courtyards. Chaodou Hutong No. 71 to 77 (odd number), Banchang Hutong No. 30 to 34 (even number) are all within the scope of the original palace.

The west entrance of Chaodou hutong is the ancestral hall of the senggreeqin family and a large group of buildings. The ancestral hall and the palace were built in the same alley, which was rare in the Qing Dynasty. It was converted into "Songyuan Hotel". Such quiet and elegant, antique Siheyuan hotels are rare in Beijing.

Jin Yunpeng's old house

Go north along NanLuoGu lane, and the third lane in the East is East Cotton lane. The Central Academy of drama is not far away from home and abroad. As the top institution of learning stage and film and television performance in China, it covers a small area, including the experimental theater, which only occupies a part of the west between the East Mianhua Hutong and the North bingmasi Hutong. The Central Academy of drama was originally the old residence of Jin Yunpeng, the army chief and acting premier of Duan Qirui government. It has cultivated Chinese drama and film stars from generation to generation. Chen Baoguo, Chen Daoming, Jiang Wen, Gong Li, Zhang Ziyi They all studied and lived here.

After Jin Yunpeng bought it, he demolished part of the courtyard and built several western style buildings. At the end of 1921, Jin Yunpeng resigned and lived in Tianjin for a long time. In the 1960s, there were still several old buildings in the courtyard, which were used as office buildings and dormitories for single teachers at that time. Another 40 years later, all the old buildings have been demolished, and Jin's house has been nowhere to be found.

Former residence of Qi Baishi

Qi Baishi, a great master of Chinese painting, once lived in yard 13 of yu'er Hutong. There is a sign of "Beijing Artists Association" near the gate of the courtyard. The courtyard is very spacious and well protected. There is a big fish tank in the center of the courtyard. There is no repainting here, showing the original flavor of the old house.

It used to be the private residence of a minister in charge of the interior of the Qing Dynasty. Because the materials of the palace were used privately in the construction, and the construction system was beyond the level, it was impeached, and the house was also divided into several parts for sale. After liberation, the Ministry of culture bought it and lived in it by Mr. Qi Baishi. But the old man did not live long and moved to the cross car lane in Xicheng. Therefore, Qi Baishi's former residence mostly refers to the cross car lane.

The former residence of Qi Baishi has been opened to the public with a ticket of 5 yuan. There are sculptures of Qi Baishi in the courtyard. The main room has been restored to its original appearance. There are paintings and quilts used by Mr. Qi Baishi. Other rooms have life introductions and exhibitions of old things. Some souvenirs can also be bought.

Home of Mao Dun

The former residence of Mao Dun is No.13 of houyuanensi Hutong. Compared with many deep houses in this area, Mao Dun's former residence is too ordinary and inconspicuous. It's just a small two entrance courtyard. July is the 110th anniversary of Mao Dun's birth, and his former residence has been renovated and reopened. In the courtyard in front of the former residence stands the bust of Mr. Mao Dun. The surrounding rooms are exhibitions of Mao Dun's life. The bedrooms, living rooms and study rooms in the backyard are arranged as they were before his death. After liberation, Mao Dun lived in the dormitory of the Ministry of culture, 203 Dongsi Toutiao, adjacent to Zhou Yang and Yang Hansheng. He moved to houyuanen temple in 1974 and died in 1981. He spent his last seven years in this small courtyard.

Chiang Kai Shek

Houyuanensi Hutong No. 7 is a building with a north facing south and a combination of Chinese and western. It was originally the residence of Prince Qing's second son Zaiyu (f ū) in the Qing Dynasty. The building is a combination of Chinese and Western style, with courtyard, western buildings and large gardens. There are Western-style arched pavilions and fountains in the garden, as well as carved stones from Yuanmingyuan, which are also a combination of Chinese and Western styles. The house was sold to the French during the Republic of China. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, it became Chiang Kai Shek's main residence from December 1945 to January 1949. Chiang Kai Shek stayed here when he came to Peking. After liberation, it has become the office of the North China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, the Embassy of Yugoslavia, the Chinese people's Association for friendship with foreign countries, etc. now it is a friendship hotel.

Keyuan

No. 7 to No. 15 (odd number) courtyard in Maoer Hutong was originally a group of large buildings. It was Wen Yu, a bachelor in the late Qing Dynasty

Chinese PinYin : Nan Luo Gu Xiang