Henan Museum

Henan Museum, founded in 1927, is one of the earliest museums in China. At that time, it was located in Kaifeng, moved to Zhengzhou in 1961, and opened in 1998.

Henan Museum is a modern museum of history and art. It is a modern museum with complete functions. About 40% of the green space outside the complex is also designed, forming a beautiful pattern of "garden in the museum, museum in the garden". There are more than 140000 pieces of cultural relics in the museum, including more than 5000 pieces of first-class and second-class cultural relics. There are basic exhibition hall, special exhibition hall and temporary exhibition hall. Two basic displays and six special displays were launched in the first batch, which were rich in content and magnificent. In addition, every Tuesday to Sunday, there will be performances of Chinese ancient music in the museum.

Henan Museum

Henan Museum, located in nongnong Road, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, is a national key Museum. It is one of the earliest museums in China and one of the first national museums jointly built by central and local governments.

Henan Museum, formerly known as Henan Provincial Museum, was founded in 1927 under the leadership of Feng Yuxiang. The former site is located at No. 31, Sansheng street, Longting District, Kaifeng City. After several changes, the museum moved to Zhengzhou in 1961, and the new museum was opened on May 1, 1998

The exhibition hall covers an area of more than 10000 square meters and has a collection of 140000 cultural relics. Most of the cultural relics in the collection come from archaeological excavations in Shangqiu, Luoyang, Anyang, Kaifeng, Xichuan, Sanmenxia, Huixian and Xinzheng in the early 20th century. Prehistoric cultural relics, bronzes of Shang and Zhou dynasties, ancient ceramics and jades are the most distinctive. Among them, there are more than 5000 national first-class cultural relics and national second-class cultural relics, which are of high historical, cultural and artistic value, and some of the collections are known as the national treasures.

During the Anti Japanese War, some precious cultural relics of Henan Museum were finally collected in the National Museum of history of Taiwan.

From July 14, 2015, Henan Museum will be closed and the main exhibition hall will be repaired. The construction period is expected to be 18 months.

On October 11, 2018, he was selected into the list of "national primary and secondary students' research and practice education base".

Historical evolution

In the summer of 1923, Li Rui, a gentleman in Xinzheng, Henan Province, dug a well and inadvertently dug out an ancient tomb and unearthed more than 100 bronzes. After hearing the news, the commander of the 14th division of the Beiyang army reported to Wu Peifu. Wu Peifu ordered the teacher to transport the unearthed cultural relics to Kaifeng for safekeeping.

In June 1927, in order to better preserve these cultural relics, general Feng Yuxiang, then commander in chief of the National Revolutionary Army and chairman of the Henan provincial government, put forward the idea of "education is the fundamental policy of building the country" in the political platform of ruling Henan Province, and vigorously supported the cause of culture and education.

In July, Guo Xujing, Xu Jinquan and he Rizhang were appointed by the provincial government as the preparatory committee members of Henan Museum. They are subordinate to the Provincial Department of education. They are planned to be built at the former site of Henan law school and river governor Yamen in sanshengmiao Street (now Sansheng Street), Kaifeng, which is the beginning of Henan Museum.

In May 1928, the former Henan provincial government changed the name of Henan Museum to "National Museum", which was under the direct leadership of the provincial government. At the same time, a part of Liu Shigutang's confiscated heritage was allocated as a special fund and opened within a time limit. With the aim of "enlightening people's knowledge civilization, increasing revolutionary ideas, and promoting social civilization", the National Museum collects materials from history, natural science, agriculture, art, physiology and health. On October 10, the first exhibition was successfully held.

On December 1, 1930, the Henan provincial government restored the "National Museum" to "Henan Museum", and established it as a social education organ under the leadership of the Provincial Department of education. On December 23, the Department of education appointed Guan Baiyi as the curator and took back the building of the people's normal school as an antique exhibition room.

On January 20, 1931, Henan Provincial Department of Education promulgated the regulations on the organization of museums in Henan Province, which clearly stated the purposes of museums as follows: first, to carry forward the inherent culture; second, to promote academic research; third, to increase people's knowledge; fourth, to promote social civilization. At the same time, two major departments were set up, namely, the Department of preservation and the Department of collection and research. A seven Member Council composed of the director of the Department of civil affairs, the director of the Department of education, the president of Henan University, and the director of the museum was set up. The 19 exhibition rooms of the original national museum were adjusted to seven, and a large number of ethnic costumes and models were removed, enriching the historical relics.

After the Lugouqiao Incident broke out on November 24, 1937, the Nationalist government, in order to ensure the safety of cultural relics, transported 5678 pieces of cultural relics, 1162 rubbings and 1472 sets of books to 68 boxes in Hankou French concession for preservation in three days.

In September 1938, before the fall of Hankou, these cultural relics were transferred to Chongqing.

In 1940, Henan Museum was renamed "Henan Provincial Museum", which consists of affairs department, preservation department and research department.

In 1945, after the end of the Anti Japanese War, the Kuomintang Henan provincial government sent Xie menggang as the receiving member to take over the Henan Provincial Museum under the control of the Japanese puppet authorities. However, due to the outbreak of the war of liberation, the Kuomintang government was busy with the civil war, the economy was seriously scarce, and the funds were limited, so the museum was in a difficult position.

In 1948, the Chinese people's Liberation Army liberated the ancient capital Kaifeng. The Communist Party of China has set up a three person management group with Zhao Ganting as the main body to enter the museum and straighten out the library affairs.

In November 1949, the national government transported 5119 pieces of precious cultural relics, 1450 sets (volumes) of books and 38 cases of cultural relics from the former Henan Museum in Chongqing to Taiwan together with some cultural relics from the National Palace Museum. Later, they became the main collection of the National Museum of history in Taipei, and the remaining 30 cases were taken over by the military control commission of the Chinese people's Liberation Army.

In November 1949, the Henan provincial government appointed Naisheng, the director of the Provincial Department of education, to be the director of the museum. He began to organize personnel to arrange cultural relics and exhibition rooms, repair buildings and facilities, and carry out business activities. The Museum once again showed vitality and flourished.

In 1953, according to the "opinions on the policy, task, nature and development direction of local museums" issued by the central Ministry of culture, Henan Provincial Museum was determined as a local museum.

In 1961, Henan Provincial Museum was moved from Kaifeng to No. 11 Renmin Road in Zhengzhou, the new capital of Henan Province.

In 1966, the organization of the museum was paralyzed and its business was abandoned.

In 1978, after the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, Henan Provincial Museum resumed operation.

In the autumn of 1991, the State Council decided that the state and Henan Province should jointly invest in the construction of the new pavilion.

In July 1997, Henan provincial government decided to merge Zhongyuan stone carving art museum with Henan Provincial Museum to establish Henan Museum.

In 1998, Henan Provincial Museum moved from Renmin Road to nongnongnong Road, Zhengzhou City, and changed its name to "Henan Museum", becoming a national museum.

On May 1, 1998, Henan Museum was completed and opened.

From July 14, 2015, Henan Museum will be closed and the main exhibition hall will be repaired. The construction period is expected to be 18 months.

architectural composition

Located in the middle section of nongnong Road, Zhengzhou City, the new Museum covers an area of more than 100000 square meters, with a construction area of 78000 square meters and a total investment of nearly 300 million yuan. It took five years to complete. The main exhibition hall is located in the center of the hospital area, in a pyramid shape, and behind it is the cultural relics warehouse. There are audio-visual education building, comprehensive service building, office building, training building, etc. in four corners. The overall structure of the building is rigorous, magnificent, simple and elegant, with a unique artistic style, but also reflects the characteristics of the Central Plains culture.

Henan Museum includes square, Prelude hall, basic exhibition hall, special exhibition hall, temporary exhibition hall, cultural relic storehouse, academic lecture hall, audio-visual education building, audience participation and entertainment hall, audience dining and tea house, audience rest hall, VIP reception, Henan Museum room, souvenir shopping mall, broadcasting room, computer center, cultural relic protection center, library and training service building And so on. About 40% of the green space is also designed outside the complex, forming a beautiful pattern of "garden in the museum, museum in the garden".

The main building of the main exhibition hall takes the Yuan Dynasty Ancient Observatory (the earliest existing observatory site in China, located in Dengfeng, Henan Province) as the prototype, which is artistically exaggerated into the shape of "crowned pyramid". The bottom of the main exhibition hall is a 63 meter long square, 45.5 meters high, with five floors of internal design, including one underground floor. The crown is a square shape, rising and falling, which means "sweet dew" on the top and "earth Qi" on the bottom, implying that the Central Plains is the source of China. The exterior wall is yellowish brown, taking the Central Plains "loess" and "Yellow River" as the source of Chinese civilization. On the front of the main hall, there are light blue transparent windows and transparent lighting belts from top to bottom, showing the majestic momentum of "the water of the Yellow River comes up from the sky".

Behind the main hall is the cultural relics storehouse. The design of the whole building complex is based on the powerful and broad "atmosphere of the Central Plains", with simple lines and novel shapes

Chinese PinYin : He Nan Bo Wu Yuan