Tashan weir

Tashan weir in Yinzhou, Zhejiang Province is a water diversion and irrigation project built on Yinjiang River, a tributary of Yongjiang River in ancient China. It is located at the exit of Zhangxi, beside Tashan, Yinjiang Town, Yinzhou, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. In 833 ad, the seventh year of Dahe in Tang Dynasty was founded by Wang Yuanwei. Together with zhengguoqu, Lingqu and Dujiangyan, they are the four major water conservancy projects in ancient China, comparable with Dujiangyan in Sichuan. Before the construction of the weir, the tide could be traced up the Yongjiang River to Zhangxi. Because of the backward irrigation of sea water, the farmland was halogenated, and the urban water consumption was difficult. Between Siming Mountain and other mountain at the upstream of Yinjiang River, an overflow dam with 36 levels of upper and lower is built with stones. The dam crest is 42 Zhang long and is built with 80 stone slabs. The dam body is hollow and supported by big wooden beams. At ordinary times, the dam can keep off salty tide and store stream water to irrigate thousands of hectares of farmland in seven townships of Yinxi plain, and supply Ningbo City through Nantang river. In order to prevent the flood into the city. After the Song Dynasty (960-1279 A.D.) to the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911 A.D.), the project was repaired. In the 15th year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1536 AD), the top of the weir (dam) was raised to one foot, and in the 7th year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1857 AD), it was greatly repaired. In 1914, the siltation on the weir was cleared to make the waterway smooth. At present, the crest of Tashan weir is 134.4m long and 4.8m wide. They are all built with 2 to 3 meters long and 0.2 to 0.35 meters wide stone strips with 36 stone levels on the left and right. The weir surface is made of stone and the weir body is made of wood and stone. After thousands of years of wind and rain and vicissitudes, Tashan weir is basically in good condition and still plays the function of blocking salty water, storing fresh water, draining water and diverting irrigation. In January 1988, it was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council.

Tashan weir

It is a great water conservancy project created by ancient Chinese working people. It belongs to the Yuxian water diversion and irrigation project built on Yinjiang River, a tributary of Yongjiang river.

Tashan weir is located at the exit of Zhangxi, beside Tashan, Yinjiang Town, Haishu District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. Located in the southwest of Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, it was founded by county magistrate Wang Yuanwei in the seventh year of Taihe (833 A.D.).

Together with zhengguoqu, Lingqu and Dujiangyan, it is known as the four major water conservancy projects in ancient China. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit and a world irrigation project heritage.

Brief introduction of dam

Tashan weir (TU à sh à N Y à n) was built in the seventh year of Taihe reign of Tang Dynasty (833 AD).

Before the construction of the weir, the tide could be traced up to Zhangxi along the Yongjiang river. Between Siming Mountain and other mountain at the upstream of Yinjiang River, an overflow dam with 36 levels of upper and lower is built with stones.

The dam crest is 42 feet long, built with 80 stone slabs. The dam body is hollow and supported by big wooden beams. The total length is 134.4 meters, the height is about 3.05 meters, and the width is 4.8 meters. At ordinary times, the dam can keep off salty tide and store stream water to irrigate thousands of hectares of farmland in seven townships of Yinxi plain, and supply Ningbo City through Nantang river.

Cultural relics protection

In June 1982, it was rated as a key cultural relics protection unit by the people's Government of Yin county. On December 28, 1988, it was rated as a state key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council.

Design structure

Tashan weir is a canal head project for blocking salty water and diverting fresh water. It cuts off the Yinjiang River, and the upstream Zhangxi water flows through this drainage, all the way into Nantang River, through Dongqiao, hengzhang, Beidu, Lishe, Shiqi, duantang, through Nancheng yongshuimen, and then into rihu lake and yueerhu Lake (rihu lake has been obliterated), and then through the branch canal vein for the needs of the city; all the way north into xiaoxigang, Meiyuan and Shenjiao. The two routes of water flow through the ports of Yinxi plain through branches, irrigating thousands of hectares of farmland in seven townships (now benefiting 240000 mu of farmland). The weir is well designed, with peculiar structure and precise construction.

During flood, the water flows into the river in seven and into the stream in three; during drought, the water flows into the stream in seven and into the river in three. Wujin, Jidu and Xingchun were built between the inner and outer rivers and the lower reaches of Nantang River to open and close the reservoir.

Layout structure

Around 1068 (the first year of Xining of Song Dynasty), Yu Daning, the county magistrate, built fengpengqi near Beidu. In 1242 (the second year of song Chunyou), the sheriff Chen Kai built a sand sluice 150 meters northwest of the weir to prevent siltation in the inner harbor.

Due to the changes of the ancient river course, it has become a relic. There are four channel columns exposed on the ancient river course. The second column in the west is engraved with a water gauge and engraved with the measurement of water level as the discharge and storage standard. The third column is engraved with the three characters of sand sluice, and the two sides of the stone column are chiseled with sluice grooves to release the gate.

Around 1255 (during the reign of song Baoyou), the Governor Wu Qian set up three dams in the east of Yinjiang town (away from yanlixu), one near the river, one near the river and one among them. Cunlinhe dam was rebuilt here in 1924. Hongshuiwan pond, 302 meters long and 4.16 meters high, was built in stone. The pond is bow shaped. Aoxi protrudes from the river. It is separated from Guangxi and Yinjiang sluice. It is the second branch flood discharge pond of Tashan weir.

Extant sites

In 1987, a new flood discharge sluice was built in hongshuiwan, and the site of the original pond still exists. There are also Guantang, goujingtang, etc. By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the number of supporting projects had increased to nine dams, five weirs and thirteen ponds. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the old Qi, weir and pond were renovated and perfected.

The weir body design is scientific and modern. Up to now, it is still in good condition after the flood impact for more than 1000 years. It still plays the role of salt blocking, fresh water storage, water diversion and flood discharge. According to the analysis of water science experts, many design principles were discovered only in the 20th century, so it can be called a miracle in the history of water conservancy construction! There are many researchers at home and abroad.

Historical evolution

Before the Tang Dynasty, the area was inundated in flood season and dried up in dry season.

In the seventh year of Dahe (833 AD) of Tang Dynasty, Wang Yuanwei, the county magistrate of Mao County (i.e. Yin county), took office. The first thing he did was to renovate the Yinjiang river. He did his own exploration, planning, fund-raising and construction. Tashan weir, 113.7 meters long, 4.8 meters wide and about 10 meters high, is piled up by huge stone strips. When it is completed, it will turn water disaster into water conservancy. In memory of Wang Yuanwei, the founding capital of the weir, a temple was built on the top of the hill, and a small temple was built beside the temple to commemorate the "Ten Brothers" of migrant workers who sacrificed their lives to build the weir.

From the Song Dynasty (960-1279 A.D.) to the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911 A.D.). In the 15th year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1536 AD), the top of the weir (dam) was raised to one foot, and in the 7th year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1857 AD), it was greatly repaired. In 1914, the siltation on the weir was cleared to make the waterway smooth.

Nowadays, most of the weir body is buried under the sand, and there is no irrigation function. After the temple was rebuilt, the "tashanyan water conservancy exhibition hall" was added, and the ancient temple meeting was restored every year on March 3 and October 10 of the lunar calendar (it is said that Wang Yuanwei was just 33 years old when he built the dam, and October 10 was his birthday).

In the early morning of October 13, 2015, the 66th International Executive Council of the international irrigation and drainage Commission held in Montpellier, France, announced the list of world Irrigation Engineering Heritage selected in 2015.

Ningbo's Millennium Tashan weir, ranked in the list, has become Ningbo's first world irrigation project heritage.

Opening to the outside world

Tashanyan water conservancy exhibition hall began to be built in 1992 and officially opened to the public in 1996. It has collected more than 100 photos, 10 creative paintings, 9 statues, 4 models, 5 steles, 3 water lifting tools and more than 20 geological specimens.

In order to ensure the safety of the collection, the museum has been using the paid visit mode since its completion, but this visit mode not only protects the collection, but also affects the exhibition function of the exhibition hall to a certain extent, resulting in the lack of reputation of the water conservancy exhibition hall, and a large number of people are not aware of the existence of such a special water conservancy exhibition hall.

In order to reverse this unfavorable situation, the cultural relics department of the district actively responded to the spirit of the document "notice on the free opening of national museums and memorial halls" issued by four ministries and commissions of the State Council, deeply explored the new ideas of Museum safety work under the condition of free opening, and finally realized the free opening of tashanyan water conservancy exhibition hall by strengthening the service level of the museum and the protection ability of venue facilities and exhibits .

The free opening of tashanyan water conservancy exhibition hall marks that the construction of the museum in our district has changed from the construction and management of the single storage hall to meeting the needs of the audience, improving the level of exhibition and communication, and enhancing the vitality of the museum and the memorial hall. The museum will gradually become another excellent place for the daily leisure and tourism of the public.

tourist guide

Admission fee:

Free play

Traffic routes:

Take bus No. 634, 637, 638 to Yinjiang town at the departure station of Ningbo maishuiqiao community. Walk about 500 meters according to the sign.

Address: beside Tashan, Yinjiang Town, Yinzhou, Ningbo, Zhejiang

Longitude: 121.35273814201

Latitude: 29.767292435258

Tel: 0574-88431213

Ticket information: Free

Opening hours: 08:00 - 18:00

Chinese PinYin : Ta Shan Yan