Guoyu ancient city

Guoyu ancient city is located in Guoyu village, Beiliu Town, Yangcheng County. It is a castle built in the early Tang Dynasty at the foot of Taihang Mountain. The castle is surrounded by mountains and rivers, the walls are magnificent, and the battlements stand at the head of the city. In the city, Yulou tower is towering, ancient temples are strict, official houses are luxurious, and folk houses are elegant. It is a unique ancient architecture in rural China. Covering an area of 179000 square meters, there are 1100 Ming Dynasty houses, such as old lion house, little lion house, Chen's 12 houses and Wang's 13 houses. It is a typical castle village. The existing castle wall is 12 meters high, 5 meters wide and 1400 meters long. It has battlements, battlements, gates and Watergates. There are three layers of 628 holes in the castle wall, with both residential and defensive functions. The ancient lanes in the city are paved with stone strips, with winding paths leading to seclusion. There are two-story Ming Dynasty houses on both sides of the roadway. The ground floor wall of Yulou is 2 meters thick. It is equipped with stone mill, stone mill, water well and other necessary living facilities. Through the hidden cave of Shimen, you can enter two secret roads leading to the outside of the city. There are gun holes on the second floor and residences above the third floor. The top wall is 0.8m thick, with crenels and battlements.

Guoyu ancient city

Guoyu ancient city is located 300 meters south of the imperial prime minister's residence in AAAAA tourist attraction < I (the imperial prime minister's residence is actually the north wing of Guoyu ancient city, and the Shilang village is the east wing of Guoyu ancient city) < / I. It is a "famous historical and cultural village in China" and a castle like village at the foot of Taihang Mountain. The city is a unique architectural complex of Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit. It is praised as "the treasure of Chinese folk houses" by Luo Zhewen, the leader of ancient architecture. It is also known as "the first city in rural China".

Guoyu village is also the former residence of Zhang Pengyun, governor of Shuntian in Ming Dynasty, Zhang Ersu, Minister of criminal justice in Qing Dynasty, the former residence of the rich businessman Wang re in late Ming and early Qing Dynasty, the place where Chen Tingjing, a Bachelor of wenyuange in Qing Dynasty, grew up, and the place where the seventh Military Medical University, the predecessor of the Third Military Medical University, was founded.

Guoyu village has a long history. It was built by the Guo family and named the village by surname. Guoyu village was first built in the early Tang Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, Guoyu was called Li. In the Qing Dynasty, it was also called Zhen. In 1917, guoyuli was changed into Guoyu village.

Guoyu village has a large scale and complete shape. With an area of 180000 square meters of ancient buildings, the village is not only an ancient architectural complex with local characteristics in Qinhe River Basin of our county, but also a unique honeycomb Castle group in China. It is known as the gathering place of Chinese ancient architecture by ancient architecture experts. The existing traditional courtyard remains the same in architectural pattern, form, materials and technology. The overall design and construction are all made by local craftsmen, which is the real embodiment of the local architectural cultural tradition.

In February 2020, in order to pay tribute to the medical workers who are struggling in the front line of anti epidemic, from the end of the epidemic to the end of 2020, the national medical workers can visit the scenic spot free of charge with their valid certificates.

Development of Guoyu ancient city

At that time, Guoyu village was harassed four times by Shaanxi peasant army. In the case of heavy casualties in the whole village, Zhang Pengyun, a township official of Guoyu village, proposed that the rich businessman Wang take the lead again and built such a solid ancient castle with an area of 180000 square meters in less than 10 months. There are three gates in the city, the east gate is the main gate, named Jingyang gate, the west gate is Yong'an gate, and the north gate is Gongchen gate. There is also a drainage ditch in the South with two water gates for drainage. There are 627.5 kilns in the city of Guoyu. These caves are dense and resemble beehives, so Guoyu city is also called "beehive city".

Nowadays, the ancient city of Guoyu has changed its former sightseeing tour into a tourist participation tour. In addition to the antiquity of Guoyu and the folk customs of Guoyu, the important thing is that there are many folk performances with the theme of "red tourism · Anti Japanese zone". Here you can enjoy the rural women's Yangko team who turned over to be the master. At the same time, you can also participate in the welcoming team to be the bridegroom or bride of the last century. The unique architectural style and local conditions and customs have attracted many film and television crew to take this as the location shooting base. Films such as "don't take bean bags as dry food" and "cultural stationmaster" have been shot here.

History of Guoyu ancient city

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the village had a prosperous literary style and a large number of talented people, including 18 Juren and 15 Jinshi. In addition, with the development of Commerce and trade, the construction of residential buildings became prosperous. There are still more than 1100 well preserved Ming Dynasty houses. Most of the gatehouses in the courtyards are of high-rise brand style, with overlapping brackets, gorgeous style and high grade. Most of the dwellings are quadrangles, which is the typical "four big and eight small" pattern in northern China. The villagers are simple and honest, and there are still people who can spin floats, looms, mills, carts, plows and harrows in their daily life. Some residents still keep the custom of burning incense to worship Buddha and praying for gods and ancestors. There were more than 20 temples built in the village. The most well preserved one is the Tangdi temple, which is a nine Bay hall. The Yuan Dynasty stage with flying eaves and corners in the temple is more than 20 meters high and magnificent, which is rare in China.

Guoyu city wall for defense is a rare honeycomb city wall in China. It was built in the 11th year of Chongzhen reign of Ming Dynasty. It is 20 meters high, 5 meters wide and more than 1400 meters long. Located in the center of the city, Yulou is 15 meters long, 7.5 meters wide and 30 meters high, with seven floors. It was built in the 13th year of Chongzhen reign of the Ming Dynasty. It is also a military defense building. There is a fort on the city wall, and there is a tunnel inside the city leading to the outside of the city. At the end of last century, Mr. Luo Zhewen, a famous Chinese cultural relic expert, wrote an inscription for Guoyu: "the treasure of Chinese folk houses, Guoyu village, a high battlement city.".

In this mountain village of 500 or 600 households, there were 18 Juren and 15 Jinshi in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the Confucian concept of etiquette was embodied in the architecture of the village and residence, which has profound cultural heritage and high historical and cultural value. Guoyu village is also a well-known well-off village with a total industrial and agricultural output value of more than 70 million yuan.

Prosperity and decline

The village flourished in the late Ming Dynasty. According to someone in Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty. The village has made great achievements since the Tang Dynasty, but most of them have not been heard of. However, from the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty, there were countless Jinshi, "officials and servants, governors, Hanlin, Taisheng, supervisors, and order keepers" (the village people who were officials in the middle of the dynasty never stopped, but after the reign of Emperor Yongzheng and Emperor Qianlong. But gradually the crowd disappeared. Then the prosperity of the village must be related to some social changes in the late Ming Dynasty.

When it comes to the last years of the Ming Dynasty, we have to say that there is a trend. This trend was once called "the sprout of capitalism in China" in history books. In recent years, it has been called the transformation of ancient Chinese society. Where to start. Generally speaking, it is a spontaneous transition from feudalism to capitalism. That is, the process of spontaneous modernization in China. Coincidentally, this process also began in the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty. In the last years of Kangxi, it was completely strangled by a series of autocratic policies of the Qing government at that time. And the rise and fall of the village can be so similar. It can be seen what kind of changes our village has played in that incident. This village is one of the villages in Qinshui River Basin. These villages along the Qinshui River are not suitable for cultivated land. They all have the same rhythm of rise and fall as the village. The common feature of the buildings in these villages is their large scale. The village covers an area of 180000 square meters. And Qiao's courtyard is only over 10000 square meters. The scale of other villages is far larger than that of Qiao's. We can see the scale of the civil transformation movement at that time. This paper will not repeat the other aspects of this modern transformation movement. Interested parties please refer to "who misread the late Ming history" (video) by Shang Chuan, President of the Ming history society, and other related works.

And the direct cause of the rise and fall of the village. It's about the economic base. The economic base of the village is iron production. Yangcheng was a big iron producing county in ancient times. At that time, iron production had the same significance for a country as steel production now. During the Hongwu Period of Ming Dynasty, the iron production of Yangcheng exceeded that of Russia, which ranked first in the world 500 years later. Visible scale. The village and other villages in Yangcheng flourished in the late Ming Dynasty. It can be seen that the scale of iron production at that time was far better than that in the early Ming Dynasty. The pig iron produced can be used as farm tools. It can be made into various tools, weapons and even firearms. In the first battle between the village and the peasant army, we can see the figure of firearms (Chinese firearms have been developing all the time, but in the Qing Dynasty, because the Manchurian nobles prohibited the Han people to make firearms, they only used to ride and shoot. The development of firearms in China lags behind. The pig iron was transported to the south of Shanxi Province. You can exchange it for another kind of necessity salt. This is the main business material of Zezhou merchants. Most of the villages in Qinshui River Basin have made a fortune from this.

Until the end of Kangxi. Kangxi issued a series of dizzy policies that will affect China's development in the next few hundred years. For example, a new ban on the sea. This time, China's maritime culture for thousands of years was completely cut off. Another example is the prohibition of mining. The policy is the same as the reason why the Mongols in Yuan Dynasty prohibited the Han people to hide their kitchen knives, which led to the birth of Shanxi noodles. After this incident. The life of the people in this village is becoming more and more difficult. So decline is inevitable. After that, there were occasional achievements. But there is no weather of that year. So since then. No more people. Cultural Guoyu ancient city is a castle built in the early Tang Dynasty at the foot of Taihang Mountain. The castle is surrounded by mountains and rivers, the walls are magnificent, and the battlements stand at the head of the city. In the city, the Yulou tower is towering,

Chinese PinYin : Guo Yu Gu Cheng