Zhaitang Island

Zhaitang Island

Zhaitang island is located in the middle of the Yellow Sea in the east of Langya Town, Huangdao District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, Southeast of Langyatai. It is named Zhaitang island because there is a legend on the island that Emperor Qinshihuang prayed for immortality and his followers to fast.

The residents of the island are mainly engaged in fishing industry, which is the sea cucumber fishing area in langyalong Bay. They fish in spring and autumn every year. There is also a spring on the island, which is located on the cliff by the sea. It is said that it is a washbasin for the Empress Dowager. In addition, there are Blackstone gate and other attractions. The local government is also vigorously developing tourism on the island to promote economic development.

Zhaitang island has a long shipping history. The Zhaitang waterway between the island and the mainland is an important waterway in the South Yellow Sea. In the Yuan Dynasty, the grain ships were all anchored on the northwest coast of the island.

The origin of the name

Zhaitang Island, according to the Qing Qianlong version of Zhucheng county annals, there was a Zhaitang on the island in ancient times (demolished in the Cultural Revolution), which was the fasting place of Qin Shihuang's attendants, so it was named Zhaitang island. Membership.

It is also said that the first emperor arranged his mother to live in this island.

Location context

Zhaitang Island, located at 35 ° 37 ′ 48 ″ N and 119 ° 55 ′ 24 ″ e, belongs to Langya Town, Huangdao District (Qingxi New District), Qingdao City, Shandong Province. It is located in the Sea southeast of Langyatai. There is Zhaitang waterway between the island and the land, about 0.7 km away from the nearest point. It has a total length of 1.6 km, a width of 0.25 km, an area of 0.46 square km (say 0.4 square km), and a coastline perimeter of about 5.18 km. Zhaitang island is divided into South Island and North Island (also known as front island and back Island). "Jiaonan county annals" recorded as: South, middle and North Islands). In 1987, Zhaitang front island and Zhaitang back Island were connected by a long and narrow artificial dike to form Zhaitang island. The South Island is 69.6 meters high, while the North Island is 27 meters high.

Marine hydrology

Zhaitang Island, located in the South Yellow Sea, faces Langyatai across Zhaitang waterway in the West. Zhaitang waterway belongs to the south entrance of Longwan. Longwan, the mouth of the bay is between dazhushanzui and Zhaitang island. It is 12.2 kilometers wide and covers an area of 66 square kilometers. Both sides of the bank, the northern beach. Sediment bottom. The water depth is 5-14 meters. There are Xiaokouzi port and gugukou Bay.

Between Langyatai and Zhaitang island is Zhaitang waterway, about 1.5km long. At low tide, the narrowest part of the waterway is about 200m, and at high tide, the width is about 1000m.

There are two high tides and two low tides in each solar day (24 hours 48 minutes). The high tide appears in the moon in 4 hours and 50 minutes, the low tide appears in the moon in 11 hours and 02 minutes, the tidal range is 1.9 ~ 3.5 meters. The large and small tidal range occurs 2-3 days after the new moon or the moon (upper or lower chord). The tide level in August is generally 0.5m higher than that in January. Typhoon transit or Southeast gale will increase water, cold wave transit or northwest gale will reduce water, and the tide level will be affected more than 1 meter on some days.

Climatic characteristics

Zhaitang island is located in the north temperate monsoon region, belonging to the temperate monsoon climate. The direct regulation of the marine environment is influenced by the southeast monsoon, current and water mass on the ocean surface, so it has a significant marine climate. Humid air, abundant rainfall, moderate temperature, four distinct seasons. In spring, the temperature rises slowly, one month later than the inland; in summer, it is hot and humid, but there is no heat; in autumn, the weather is clear, the precipitation is less, and the evaporation is strong; in winter, the wind is strong, the temperature is low, and the duration is longer.

Vegetation characteristics

On Zhaitang Island, Pinus thunbergii, Robinia pseudoacacia and Robinia pseudoacacia were planted in 1950s, and the natural secondary vegetation is mainly shrub. Due to the low altitude, dry and barren soil, sea breeze and sea fog, the trunk of arbor species is low, most of them are "flag shaped" crown, and the vegetation coverage rate is generally below 40%. There are 337 species of higher plants (including varieties and types) in the island, which belong to 93 families and 263 genera. There are 300 species of natural distribution and 37 species cultivated, accounting for 89.02% and 10.98% respectively.

Offshore resources

Aquatic resources

There are more than 200 species of fish and shrimp living in the coastal waters of Zhaitang island. Among them, 58 species are abundant and widely distributed. There are 15 species of migratory fish, such as hairtail, mackerel, Spanish mackerel, mullet, Japanese mackerel, Japanese mackerel, silver pomfret, red sea bream, black sea bream, yellow crucian carp, puffer, large yellow croaker, small yellow croaker, yellow croaker, white croaker, eel, puffer fish, etc.; local coastal fish, such as flounder, flatfish, tongue sole, black sea bream, black sea bream, black sea bream, spotted fish, star eel, mullet, barracuda, grouper, perch, short fin, red Niang There are 31 species, such as tiger shark, tiger shark, skate, hole skate, crocodile, Sillago multicinctus, seahorse, COD, skate, Coilia nasus, starry flounder, flounder, halibut, silver carp, salamander, flounder, six line fish and sea dragon. Shrimp and crab are mainly shrimp, hairy shrimp, Eagle melon shrimp and Portunus. There are mainly squid, octopus, squid, jellyfish and so on. The production of Spanish mackerel, mackerel and arrowhead is high.

The shallow sea area of 1 square kilometer is suitable for the growth of sea cucumber, abalone and cauliflower.

Red sea bream, commonly known as graded fish and red graded fish. It is a precious edible fish in the Yellow Sea. The meat is delicious, especially the head meat. Red sea bream (Pagrosomus major) migrates from the Southern Yellow Sea to the coastal waters of the county in March, and migrates to deep water in October when the water temperature drops. It can be caught from March to October. Zhaitang island was once a large fishing ground. In the 1930s, the Japanese fleet once fished here on a large scale. Later, the resources declined greatly, and no longer became a fishing ground.

Sea cucumber, Zhaitang Island bedrock coastal zone are distributed.

Abalone, commonly known as abalone, is a rare treasure in the sea. Jiaonan has a long history of development. As early as the Han Dynasty, Zhang Bu of Langya offered abalone to the imperial court. Around Zhaitang island is a concentrated distribution area.

Cauliflower is distributed in the shallow water zone along the bedrock Bank of Zhaitang island. The resources are large.

Hydropower resources

Tidal energy, Zhaitang island is located in Jiaonan area, coastal tidal wave movement energy mainly comes from the Pacific ocean tidal wave, Shandong coastal tidal range is the largest area, has a good tidal topography, can avoid sediment deposition, tidal energy utilization potential is great, tidal power generation prospects.

There is about 1.5km long Zhaitang waterway between Langyatai and Zhaitang island. At low tide, the narrowest part of the waterway is about 200m, at high tide, the width is about 1000m, and the maximum velocity is 2m / s.

On August 27, 2013, China's first 100 kW tidal current power generation device developed by Ocean University of China was officially installed in Zhaitang Island, Huangdao District. Currently, it is under commissioning, and the power generation test is expected to be carried out in September this year. This device breaks through the key technology of tidal energy development, so that the power generation device can no longer be limited by the seawater velocity, and can adapt to different sea areas. After it is put into operation, the annual power generation capacity will be 100000 kwh. By that time, more than 300 households on Zhaitang island will have real green, environment-friendly and stable power.

Fishery production

Zhaitang island village is a typical island fishing village. Most of the island residents are engaged in marine fishing, mariculture and aquatic products processing and production. The island is rich in sea cucumber, abalone and other marine treasures, as well as more than 40 kinds of seafood such as star eel, barfish, swordfish, shrimp, crab and shellfish. In 1987, there were 95 fishing vessels with a gross tonnage of 1955 tons, a gross horsepower of 1732 horsepower, 550 fishing workers and a total marine fishing output of 1911 tons. The total output value of fishery was 4.4 million yuan, and the per capita fishery income of the whole village was 2803 yuan.

In 2010, there were 185 fishing boats with more than 20000 horsepower in the village, including 92 fishing boats with more than 150 horsepower and 16 steel fishing boats; there were 278 households engaged in marine fishery production, and more than 600 migrant workers engaged in fishing and breeding.

Since the beginning of 2010, the village has made great efforts to develop a variety of economy, including the development of aquaculture of more than 220 households, the realization of more than 3100 cages of abalone, the low sowing of marine treasures, more than 2600 mu of wild culture, and more than 90 households engaged in seafood processing. In 2014, the total income of marine fishery in Zhaitang Island Village reached 150 million yuan, an increase of 14.2% over last year, and the per capita income of villagers reached 17658 yuan, an increase of 12.6% over last year.

In the 1980s, there was a seasonal fishing boat anchorage on Zhaitang island. Later, it was expanded into a comprehensive wharf.

Drinking water project

Zhaitang island is a small island surrounded by the sea. It is short of fresh water resources, so it is very difficult for people and animals to drink. In the spring of 1983, Jiaonan county invested 120000 yuan and the three villages on the island invested 120000 yuan to divert water from the nanyaogou reservoir in Langyatai. The submarine inverted siphon method was adopted and the submarine pipeline was used to deliver water to the island, with 85 cubic meters of water delivered every day and night, so as to provide water for 2400 people and livestock on the island. The whole project was completed in 1983. A total of 17515 projects have been put into operation, with a total amount of 6542.8 cubic meters. 3135 meters of pipelines were laid, including 2435 meters of main pipelines. Water pumping station, diversion pipeline, reservoir, submarine water pipeline and island surge tank will be built. The water pumping station is equipped with 1 set of 12 horsepower, the length of the main diversion channel is 6730 meters, the design water level of the reservoir is 51.5 meters, the design water level of the surge tank is 18.7 meters, the section from the reservoir to the seaside is paved with 1060 meters long polypropylene plastic pipe, and the submarine pipeline between the seaside and the surge tank is 1420 meters long, which is used for water supply

Chinese PinYin : Zhai Tang Dao