Shao Bohu

Shao Bohu

Shaobo lake, also known as Tanghu lake and Gantang Lake in ancient times, is a lake in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province. Its surrounding areas belong to Hanjiang, Gaoyou and Jiangdu. In ancient times, it belonged to 36pi, known as "the sails of 36pi are all gone, leaving only a good lake light".

Shaobo lake is one of the lakes in the Huaihe River. It is connected with the water from Gaoyou Lake and flows into the Yangtze River from Yunyan River, Jinwan River, Taiping River, Fenghuang River and Li canal. The lake is 17 km long and 6 km wide. Its water area is 98 square km (corresponding to the water level of 4.36 m). Its average water depth is 1.1 m and its water storage capacity is 110 million cubic meters.

Lakes have the advantages of flood regulation, irrigation and aquaculture. Thanks to the long canal culture, its tourism value has become increasingly prominent.

The origin of the name

Shaobo lake, also known as Tanghu Lake (Gantang Lake), belongs to 36 lakes in ancient times. It is known as "the sails of 36 lakes are gone, leaving only a good lake light". Shaobohu was called Wuguang Lake (also known as Wu'an Lake) in the spring and Autumn period. In the 10th year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (385), Xie an, the Minister of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was trapped by the traitors and excluded from Guangling. At that time, Buqiu, 20 Li northeast of the city, built a fortress and lived there, and changed its name to Xincheng. At that time, it was the end of Shugang, high in the West and low in the East. In the west, it is easy to release water, often bitter and dry; in the East, it is easy to store water, and farmland is easy to submerge. After investigation, Xie an led the people to build a dam here to relieve the drought in the West and flood in the East. Later generations recall Xie an's virtue, compared with Zhao Bo of the Zhou Dynasty. In ancient times, Zhao and Shao were in common use. The Dai they built was named Shao Bodai, and the lake beside the Dai was named Shao Bodai.

In order to assist Cheng Wang, Zhao Gong of the Zhou Dynasty toured the countryside. He once had a rest and discussed politics under the tree. Later generations thought about his virtue and took great care of the tree without harming it. Since Xie an and Zhaobo are the same, people follow the example of Zhaogong and build Gantang Temple (Xiegong Temple) in Shaobo to plant Gantang trees in memory. Shaobo town is called Gantang town and Shaobo lake is called Gantang lake.

Formation and evolution

Shaobo lake, which belongs to Yunxi lakes, evolved from ancient Shu lake. It used to be a depression on the coastal shoal. At the beginning of the lake formation, it was only a bay. Due to the expansion of the beach and the closure of the sand bar, and under the long-term sediment deposition and human action, it gradually narrowed and differentiated into many small lakes. The water from Huaihe River and Hongze Lake flows into Baima Lake, Baoying Lake, Siguang lake, Gaoyou Lake and Shaobo lake and then into the Yangtze River. The sediment carried by the three rivers first deposited in Baoying Lake and Siguang lake, which made them shrink and become a channel type lake. In 1969, Dashanzi dike was built to open the channel for the three rivers to enter the river. After that, the connection between Baima Lake, Baoying Lake and Siguang lake and Gaoyou Lake was cut off. From then on, the water of the three rivers changed from the channel to Gaoyou Lake, and then discharged into the Yangtze River through Shaobo lake.

Location context

Shaobo lake and its surrounding areas belong to Hanjiang, Gaoyou and Jiangdu, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province. It starts from xinmintan of Gaoyou Lake in the north, borders on the West Bank of the Beijing Hangzhou canal in the East, the areas along the lake of Gaoyou and Hanjiang in the west, and reaches the mouth of Guijiang river below liuzha in the south.

In the early 1950s, Shaobo was 25 kilometers north of Hunan, including 7 kilometers in Gaoyou City and 18 kilometers in Hanjiang District. The largest width from east to west is 7.3km, which is located in Gaoyou City; the widest part of sangeliu in chianwei in Hanjiang is 6.27km, and the narrowest part of liuzha is only 1.3km. The total area is 164.97 square kilometers, including 53.6 square kilometers in Gaoyou City, 14.35 square kilometers in Jiangdu district and 97.02 square kilometers in Hanjiang District. By the 1990s, the lake was 17 km long and 6 km wide. The lake covers an area of 98 square kilometers (corresponding to the water level of 4.36 meters), with an average water depth of 1.1 meters and a water storage capacity of 110 million cubic meters. When the water level is 4.5 meters, the water area is 120 square kilometers and the lake volume is 170 million cubic meters; when the water level is 8.5 meters, the water area is 220 square kilometers and the lake volume is 900 million cubic meters.

hydrographic features

Shaobo lake is a water passing lake, which has been divided into Huaihe River for more than 400 years. It is the only flood passage corridor in the lower reaches of Huaihe River. At the end of the 1990s, the lake bottom elevation was generally 3.2 meters (3.5 meters). When the water level of the six gates is 8.5 meters, the flood control storage capacity is 572 million cubic meters, and the general irrigation water level is 4.2 meters, and the irrigation storage capacity is only 54 million cubic meters. In order to ensure the safe flood discharge of 12000 m3 / s in the Huaihe River channel, Shaobo lake has been treated several times since 1954 to remove the flood discharge obstacles and expand the flood discharge sections of the upper Fenghuang River and liuzha Lake estuary. After the test of the flood in 1991, the project has brought great benefits.

The pH value of shaobohu lake water is 8.5, and the salinity is 215.07 mg / L. it belongs to the type I water of bicarbonate calcium group.

Main tributaries

Shaobo lake, together with Hongze Lake and Gaoyou Lake, belongs to the Huaihe River channel. After the flood of Huaihe River passes through Hongze Lake, there are three outlets for the lake water. The one to the south is the Sanhe Sluice, which flows from the southeast of the Sanhe River to the river channel, passes through Gaoyou Lake and Shaobo lake, and then flows through Yunyan River, Jinwan River, Taiping River, Fenghuang River and Xinhe River to Mangdao River, Jiajiang River, SANJIANGYING River and Yangtze River. With a total length of 158 km and a maximum discharge capacity of 12000 m3 / s, this waterway is the main flood discharge channel in the lower reaches of the Huaihe River. At the same time, the runoff in the Xina hilly area of Shaobo lake, the Beijing Hangzhou canal of Shaobo lake from Shaobo through liuzha, runs through the south of the lake bed.

Upstream channel

The upper section of the Huaihe River channel, from Sanhe Sluice to Shijian to Gaoyou Lake, is 55 km long and consists of Sanhe and Jingou diversion sections. Then, from Shijian of Gaoyou Lake, through Xinmin beach, to Shaobo lake, about 30 kilometers. The bottom elevation of Gaoyou Lake is 4.5 meters. When the water level is 6 meters, the water area is 700 square kilometers and the lake volume is 1.08 billion cubic meters. When the water level is 9 meters, the water area is 780 square kilometers and the lake volume is 3.4 billion cubic meters.

Chian diversion River, with an inverted "V" shape, extends northeastward from Zaiwan leprosy hospital in Chian township to Qiaotou taozha, with a length of 6.15 km, and then southward from Qiaotou taozha to tuliang, with a length of 4.64 km. This section is Huzhong river. The total length of the river is 10.79 km, the bottom elevation is 2 m, the average width is 4 m, and the slope ratio is 1:2.

Gongdao water diversion river is an inverted "L" shape, 8 km long from Zhuqiao Jiankou of gongdao town to tuliang in the East, and 9.68 km long from tuliang to xixingxu Xiaba of Jiudian town in the south. The total length of the river is 17.68 km. The river bottom elevation is 1m, the river bottom width is 20.5M, and the river slope ratio is 1:2.

Zhuqiaojian, 4.6km long, is the boundary river between yangshou Town, gongdao town and Dayi town of Yizheng City. The width of the river bottom is 7 meters, the elevation of the river bottom is 1 meter, and the slope ratio of the river is 1:2.

Yangshoujian, starting from huangniwa in the East, enters gongdao diversion river through yangshouzhen to Taozhuang, with a length of 7.51 km, a bottom width of 8-13 m, a bottom elevation of 1 m, a slope ratio of 1:2, and a green ridge width of 5-10 M.

Wangchongjian, from hujiachong through fangjiaji to fuxingwei, goes out of baimagang and connects with gongdaoshuihe river. It is 5.0km long, 6m wide, 1m high and 1:2 slope ratio.

Zhonggang diversion River, from Huangjue and Fangxiang town to Zhonggang taozha, is 3.94km long, 11m-15m wide at bottom, 1.88m-2.0m high at bottom, 1:2-1:3 slope ratio and 5m-10m wide at qingkan.

Fangxiang water diversion River starts from Fangxiang town in the south, flows out of Liangzhuang Lake through sanlipuhong River and connects gongdao water diversion river. It is 10.85km long, 6m-10m wide at the bottom, 1m-2m high at the bottom and 1:2 slope ratio.

Hanjiang port, formerly known as Beijian, is 5.1km long from the dam of Beijian reservoir in the west to Chenjiagou in the East, with a river bottom width of 4m, a river bottom elevation of 2m, a river slope ratio of 1:2 and a green ridge width of 3M.

Huaisi river is the boundary river between the county and the suburb of Yangzhou city. It starts from daguanqiao manshuijian in the west, ends at Wayaopu in the East and connects with Shaobo Lake in the north. It is 10.69 km long, with a bottom width of 6-15 m, a bottom elevation of 1-1.5 m, a slope ratio of 1:2 and a green ridge width of 4 M.

Li canal is located in the west of Lixia River area and the middle section of Jiangsu section of Beijing Hangzhou canal. It is also called Huaiyang canal, commonly known as Lihe River. The north end starts from Huaiyin water control project, passes through Huai'an, Baoying, Gaoyou, Yangzhou and other places, and enters the Yangtze River from Liuwei of Hanjiang county. It's 168 kilometers long. North and North Jiangsu irrigation canals meet in Huai'an, South in Yangzhou, north through the Huaihe River into the river waterway, has been an important waterway in North Jiangsu since ancient times. Built in the 34th year of King Jing of Zhou Dynasty (486 BC), it diverts water from Changjiang River in the south, uses water from Wuguang Lake (now Shaobo Lake), Luyang lake and Fanliang Lake (now Gaoyou Lake) in the middle, leaves Bozhi Lake (now silted) and Sheyang Lake in the Northeast, and diverts water from Sheyang Lake to Wukou in the north of Huai'an county to Huaihe River in the north. It is a man-made canal connecting the Yangtze River and Huaihe River, with curved channels. In the early period of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the curve was straight, from Gaoyou to Huai'an. In the first year of Daye in Sui Dynasty (605), more than 150 kilometers of Hangou was reopened along the old road of Jian'an, which can reach Huai'an directly from Yangzhou. In the fifth year of the reign of song Shaoxi (1194), a 180 km west dike was built to separate the lake from the river. Dongdi was built in the early Ming Dynasty, and the reign of Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty

Chinese PinYin : Shao Bo Hu