Moutuoqiang Village

Moutuoqiang Village

Mutuo Qiang village is a Qiang village located on the edge of Minjiang River, ten kilometers southwest of Nanxin Town, Mao County, Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. The village is 142 km away from Chengdu in the south, adjacent to Yanmen township of Wenchuan County, 176 km away from Mianyang City in the north, and 31 km away from Maoxian county.

Beautiful legend

"Mutuo" is a translation of Qiang language. In Qiang language, "Mutuo" means heaven and sun, and "Tuo" means "official". "Mou Tuo" means "Tian Guan". It is said that in ancient times, Moutuo was a place of outstanding people, with the most officials and the largest titles. There is another saying about the word "Mutuo" in the Qiang people: the Qiang people are the children of the sun, where there is fire, there are people, and there is the reproduction of ethnic groups. After the death of the Qiang people, they will be cremated, and the soul of the Qiang people will turn into a wisp of smoke and return to the place where the gods live. Therefore, "Mutuo" has also been referred to as the place where "fire" grows.

geographical position

Moutuoqiang village is located at the Minjiang River, 10km southwest of Nanxin Town, Maoxian County, Sichuan Province, known as the "south gate of Maoxian county". The village covers an area of 73.59 square kilometers, with 223 households and 964 villagers. The Qiang village is surrounded by mountains and rivers, and the Minjiang River passes through the West. Close to 213 national highway, the environment is quiet, is the famous "fruit town", is to Jiuzhai Huanglong must pass. The main way in and out of the Shanzhai is the Tiesuo bridge across the river - Lianxin bridge.

History and culture

have a long history

Qiang, the oldest tribe in China, is one of the ancestors of the Chinese nation. We used to call the Chinese people the descendants of the Yellow Emperor. The first ethnic group of the Han people is the Yellow Emperor, and the first ethnic group of the Qiang people is the Yan Emperor. Qiang is one of the originators of the Chinese nation

. Mutoqiang village has a long history and culture. The Gongde stele and village rules and regulations of the chieftain in Daoguang period of Qing Dynasty are still preserved in the village. There are 220 ancient sarcophagus relics in the middle and late Warring States period. There are many natural caves and waterfalls in the ancient Qiang village ruins, chieftain official village and Muxiang village more than 500 years ago. The architecture is characterized by the Qiang nationality, with fruit trees and small bridges and springs passing through the door. It is rich in ethnic customs and natural resources. There are many farmhouses with Qiang nationality characteristics, which are mainly for leisure and entertainment. You can participate in the "Qiang family" life, enjoy the "Qiang family" customs, experience the "Qiang family" folk customs and accept the "Qiang family" culture. Moutuoqiang village was rebuilt after the earthquake on May 12, 2008. Wen Jiabao nominated happy Moutuo for the village.

ethnic customs

The towering Qiang blockhouse, the graceful and melodious Qiang flute, the colorful Qiang embroidery, the passionate Qiang Sharon dance and the mellow highland barley wine all show their unique and rich national characteristics. And its culture has also become a rare national flower that can be passed down by a few people, known as the "living fossil" in the evolutionary history of the Chinese nation. Here are the gorgeous customs of the distant and gorgeous ethnic groups; here is a place to search for the ancient customs of the Qiang people; here is a place to appreciate the Qiang culture and folk art; here is a place to taste the mellow old wine; here is the source of the river, the hometown of clouds, the world of flowers, the ocean of forests

Main attractions

Qiang people are famous for their unique and exquisite architecture, especially Diaolou, shizhuangfang, cable bridge and plank road.

Diaolou, shizhuangfang, Suoqiao and Zhandao are especially classic in moutuoqiang village.

Diaolou

The architectural design, structure and construction features of watchtowers and houses of Qiang nationality are as follows:

First, make full use of the terrain. When building houses, we should pay attention to economy, practicality, convenience for production and self-defense. Generally, we should build houses on the high mountains or the mid mountains along the river valley where there are cultivated land and water sources. The size of the population depends on the amount and concentration of cultivated land, ranging from more than 10 households to 20 or 30 households. In order to make full use of the limited flat area on the hillside, the design should pay attention to the combination of the hillside terrain, and build rooms by stages, so as to save the amount of earthwork.

The second is local materials, fine construction. The building materials for houses and watchtowers are inexhaustible gravel and yellow earth. When the soil is applied, a square ditch with a depth of three or four feet is first formed on the ground, and then the house foundation is built with stone pieces, and then the mixed yellow mud and stone pieces are used to build a stone wall. The inner side of the wall is vertical to the ground, and the outer side is slightly inclined inward. During the construction, there is no hanging line, no drawing, and no column support. It is built by visual observation and experience. When the walls reach more than 10 meters, wooden beams with a diameter of about 15 cm will be erected, and wooden boards will be laid on them, so as to increase the internal support of the house. When repairing to the top floor, the boards are put out of the wall to form the eaves, which can not only protect the wall, but also widen the area of the top platform. The roof platform is paved with wooden or stone slabs, then paved with dense branches of trees or bamboo, and then infiltrated with fine loess and chicken manure containing calcareous matter, so as to hammer hard, with a thickness of about feet. The two sides of the platform face slightly incline to the middle, and the small channel (commonly known as stream channel) is used to divert water from the outside. The houses and watchtowers built in this way have flat roofs without rain or snow leakage, smooth walls without cracks, and are warm in winter and cool in summer. They are strong and durable, and can withstand decades or even hundreds of years of even minor earthquakes without collapse.

Third, adapt to the local climate and expand space processing. Qiang people live in alpine mountain areas. In order to keep warm and windproof, they usually adopt the methods of facing the sun, leeward, closed and low floor height. The direction of the house, the opening of doors and windows, mostly South or southeast, the East, West and North walls of the floor and the bottom walls are not open windows. Due to the large number of floors, low floor height, thick walls and short window openings, the indoor lighting, sunshine and ventilation of the lower floors are insufficient. They use stairwell, patio and skylight to make up for the lack of side windows, and they often use the space between the houses to build the form of cross street buildings to expand the use of architectural space.

cable bridge

Cable bridge, also known as rope bridge, is a further development and application of the principle of sliding rope. Stone is built on both sides of the bridge for the entrance, and then several or more than ten bamboo ropes with thick fists are used side by side. The rope head is tied to the very solid stone foundation or wooden column in the entrance on both sides, and the bamboo rope is paved with wooden boards. There are several parallel bamboo ropes on the left and right sides of the bridge, which can not only fix the bridge, but also be used as railings and handrails. Rope bridge is a traditional architectural art of Qiang people. As early as the Han Dynasty, it belongs to the Zuo tribe of Qiang people, which is famous for Jianzuo (bamboo cable bridge). Cable bridge architecture in the upper reaches of Minjiang River at least existed 1400 years ago.

Plank road

Plank road, also known as "attic road" or "compound road". This is one of the important transportation facilities in Southwest China in ancient times. There is a saying that "the plank road is thousands of miles, omnipotent". Law. "Sichuan Tongzhi" records that "shigu Pianqiao" in Maozhou was made in ancient Qin and Han Dynasties. Edge cliff drilling, inserted wood bridge, paved with wood, covered with soil, next to the fence protection This kind of trestle road is mostly built on the steep cliff of the most dangerous place, and it is difficult to build. Until now, the remains of plank road can be seen in Qiang nationality area.

The plank road can be divided into wooden stack and stone stack. The wooden stack is used in the mountainous area with dense forest, cutting down the virgin forest, paving wood for road, or mixed with soil. The stone stack is applied to the overhanging and cliff cliffs, where there is no path to pass, or the edge rock is drilled to insert wood as a bridge, or the side rock is chiseled to construct the banliang as a pavilion, or the road is opened up along the mountain to make it a smooth road, and the overhanging wall is towering when you look up, and you fall into the cliff abyss when you look down.

Address: Minjiang River, 10km southwest of Nanxin Town, Mao County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture

Longitude: 103.68498229981

Latitude: 31.530897140503

Ticket information: market price: 170.0 yuan

Chinese PinYin : Mou Tuo Qiang Zhai