Luya Mountain

Luya Mountain Scenic Spot

synonym

Luya Mountain generally refers to Luya Mountain scenic area

Luya Mountain scenic spot is a national AAAA scenic spot, a National Nature Reserve, a famous Buddhist mountain, and Pilu Buddhist Road farm. There are three million year old ice caves in the National Geopark, and a rare horizontal trestle road in North China. It is a rare ecological gene pool in the world.

With ten series of tourism products of "mountain, stone, forest, grass, cave, lake, spring, valley, temple and pass", the scenic spot is a scenic spot Integrating National Geopark, National Forest Park, National Nature Reserve, National Water Conservancy Scenic Spot and Chinese folk culture tourism demonstration area.

With Luya Mountain (the main peak of Prince Hall) as the center, the scenic spot includes many scenic spots, such as Malan grassland, xiaoluya mountain, Wannian ice cave, Millennium earth fire, cliff plank road, Tianchi Lake Group, lover's Valley, etc.

geographical environment

geographical position

Luya Mountain scenic spot is located in the middle of Ningwu County, traversing the county from east to west. Its geographical coordinates are 111 ° 50 ′ - 112 ° 5 ′ 30 ″ e, 38 ° 35 ′ 40 ″ - 38 ° 45 ′ n. The scenic spots are scattered and massive, reaching panlongling in the north, county boundary in the west, Heyeping in the South and Fenhe River in the East, with a total area of 321 square kilometers.

topographic features

Luya Mountain scenic spot is located in the Loess Plateau of Northwest Shanxi, with an average altitude of 1800-2000 meters. Among them, woyangchang, the main peak of Guancen mountain range, is 2606 meters above sea level, Heyeping, the highest peak of Luya Mountain range, is 2784 meters above sea level, and Luya Mountain (the peak of Prince Temple) is 2736 meters high. The terrain in the territory is complex, and the vertical height difference is as much as 1300 meters. The whole Guancen mountain area is high in the middle and low in the East and West. There are three types of landforms: earth rock mountainous area, loess hilly area and rivers. Taking the watershed of Ningwu County as the boundary, the Fenhe River Basin is to the southwest, and the Huihe river basin is to the northeast. In the west of Fenhe River Valley, there are many high mountains with good forest coverage. The valley along the Huihe river is low-lying, with loess hills on both sides and no forest coverage.

Climatic characteristics

Luya Mountain scenic area belongs to north temperate continental climate. The climate features cold and dry, windy, four distinct seasons, long winter, short frost free period, large temperature difference between day and night. The annual average temperature in the scenic spot is 6.2 degrees. The hottest month is July with an average of 20.1 degrees, and the coldest month is January with an average of - 9.9 degrees. The percentage of seasonal precipitation in annual precipitation is 13% in spring, 65% in summer, 20% in autumn and 2% in winter.

Resources

Animal resources

Luya Mountain scenic area has a total of 300 species of vertebrates in 68 families of 26 orders, including 248 species of birds in 47 families of 17 orders, 41 species of mammals in 15 families of 6 orders and 11 species of amphibians and reptiles in 6 families of 3 orders, accounting for 59.5%, 51.9% and 26.8% of the total number of birds, mammals and amphibians and reptiles in the province respectively. Seven species of wild animals are listed as national first level key protection, including brown eared pheasant, black stork, Golden Eagle, vulture, great bustard, leopard and musk deer; 37 species are listed as national second level key protection, including stone marten, green weasel, mandarin duck and swan; 102 species of migratory birds are jointly protected by China and Japan; 24 species are jointly protected by China and Australia; 20 species are protected at provincial level. Among the 248 species of wild birds, there are 53 resident birds, 72 summer migratory birds, 27 winter migratory birds and 96 migratory birds. There are 138 species belonging to Palaearctic realm, 32 species belonging to Oriental realm and 78 species belonging to two widely distributed realms. There are 26 species of Palaearctic realm, 4 species of Oriental realm and 11 species of two widely distributed realm. Among the 11 species of amphibians and reptiles, there are 8 Palaearctic species and 3 widely distributed species.

plant resources

There are 954 species of higher plants in Luya Mountain Scenic Area, including Fraxinus mandshurica, a second-class national key protected plant, and four key protected plants in Shanxi Province, namely Aconitum Ningwu, cleistra cuneata, Xanthoceras sorbifolia and Codonopsis pilosula. There are 67 species of trees, 125 species of shrubs, 691 species of herbs, 38 species of crops, 8 species of mosses and 25 species of ferns. Among them, there are 149 kinds of medicinal plants, 47 kinds of oil plants, 20 kinds of powder plants, 55 kinds of vitamin plants, 15 kinds of beverage plants, 57 kinds of honey plants and 204 kinds of forage plants, and 156 kinds of timber plants, 41 kinds of fiber plants, 31 kinds of tanning plants, 37 kinds of aromatic plants and 12 kinds of poisonous plants. The forest coverage rate of the reserve is 36.1%, and the total volume of standing trees is 846000 m3 (National Forest). The natural secondary forest communities mainly composed of spruce and Larix principis rupprechtii in the reserve are known as "hometown of Larix principis rupprechtii" and "home of spruce". According to 3897 hectares of forested land, the average stock volume per hectare in the reserve is 217.08m3, which is 6 times higher than 36m3 per hectare of forested land in the whole province, and the timber yield is more than 75%.

Fungi resources

There are 9 orders, 26 families and 75 species of macrofungi, which belong to 2 phyla and 4 classes. Among the 75 species of Macrofungi in the scenic spot, 31 species grow on wood and 43 species grow on ground except for cryptoporus chazianum, which belongs to echinodermaceae; 34 species can be eaten except Pholiota obliquus, which belongs to Umbelliferae and hyphomycetes, which is poisonous. Among them, tremella aurantii, tremella auricula, Polyporus umbellatus, Phellodendron pinifolius, dioscorea acuminata and pholiopsis robusta can be eaten There are 7 species of marbler, which can also be used as medicine.

Main attractions

Luya Mountain

Luya is a rare ecological gene bank in the world, with overlapping peaks, steep peaks and lush forests. There are more than 700 kinds of plants, 240 kinds of animals and more than 100 kinds of precious Chinese herbal medicines in the area. It is the mother river of Sanjin, the water source of North China, the hometown of Larix principis rupprechtii and the home of spruce. It is also the only pilufo Taoist center in China and the main protected area of brown eared pheasant, a rare bird in the world.

Luya Mountain is named because it looks like a "Luya". It is 2736 meters above sea level. On the top of the main peak, about 10 square meters of stone flat, a stone building, Prince's hall, is towering. Because it is located at the top of the mountains, it can be seen from dozens of miles away.

Luya Mountain used to be the first place for emperors, generals and poets to go for recreation and hunting. Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty had been here many times for summer hunting. He built a huge community of palaces in the Tianchi Lake, which meandered hundreds of miles and flourished for a time.

Prince Hall

The crown prince hall is built with stone foundation and stone walls. There is an iron bar on the ridge of the hall pointing directly to the sky, which seems to be a special lightning protection device. The top of the hall is scattered on all sides. It was originally covered with copper tiles, but now it has been lost. The gate of the hall opens to the north, and the stone chisel "Prince hall" stands out. On both sides of the wall, the word "Buddha" is chiseled, neat and vigorous. According to textual research, Luya Mountain is the only Pilu Buddhist temple in China, and the prince hall is the top of the Buddha.

The prince's hall is now accessible by terraces. A new iron fence is built around the hall to ensure the safety of the hall. The stone inscriptions on both sides of the hall gate are written by Bai Wenliang in the Guangxu period when he advocated repairing the hall Huang Keyi, a modern poet, has a poem praising the scenery of the prince's Palace: the Lusha mountain is beautiful, the mountains are quiet and the woods are secluded, people are intoxicated; the cliffs and islets are towering in the blue sky, and the prince's palace forgets to return. "

According to legend, there was a shepherd boy in ancient times. After his parents died, he had to live with his brother and sister-in-law. The miserly sister-in-law did not allow the shepherd to go home for food and lodging, but asked him to herd cattle and sheep all day long and cut firewood for heavy work. The poor shepherd boy had to keep company with the sheep and relieve his depression by enjoying the mountain flowers and weeds. For a long time, he found that whenever the grass leaves were covered with dew, it was sure to rain. He told the villagers about the discovery. We arranged farm work according to the rain information provided by him, which was really effective. In this way, the shepherd boy is loved and respected by people, and is regarded as the God who specializes in the work of cloud and rain. After his death, people built a stone temple on the top of the main peak of Luya Mountain where he sat, namely Prince hall.

Malan grassland

With an altitude of 2721 meters and an area of more than 6000 mu, the Malan grassland was formed in the Cenozoic Quaternary glacial period 750000 years ago. Facing Luya Mountain from north to south, it is one of the largest subalpine meadows in North China. The grass here is fertile, and it is the base for emperors to raise horses.

The Malan grassland integrates meadows, forests, mountains, canyons, strange pines, strange rocks, the Great Wall, Jiangtai and the pagoda. In the southeast corner, there is a strange pine garden. In the south, there is a strange stone slope. In the southwest corner, the collapsed stupas are half hidden in the grass. The great wall of the Northern Qi Dynasty runs through the grassland from east to west.

Wannian ice cave

The Wannian ice cave was formed in the Quaternary glacial period of Cenozoic, with a history of 3 million years.

Its peculiarity lies in the fact that the climate outside the cave can't form an icy environment at all, while the icicles inside the cave don't melt all year round, and the deeper the ice gets, the thicker it gets. It is the largest ice cave ever found in China, and also a rare large ice cave ever found outside the permafrost in the world. And less than 200 meters away from the ice cave, there is a millennium fire, known locally as the Millennium volcano. This ice and fire, which were meant to conquer each other, coexist wonderfully on the same mountain.

In 2005, the Wannian ice cave in Ningwu became a National Geopark in the fourth batch of national geoparks. It is now nearly 100 meters in development. Divided into upper and lower layers, through drilling ice holes, down the ice stairs, through the ice stack, you can get to each layer

Chinese PinYin : Lu Ya Shan