Huangyan cave exhibition hall

Huangyan cave exhibition hall

Huangyandong exhibition hall is located in the southwest foot of shiziyan, heerkou management area, heerkou town. It is an isolated peak of Triassic limestone standing in the karst valley. In front of the cave is a sloping field, and behind the cave are mountains with undulating peaks. The entrance of the cave is southwest, with a relative height of 15 meters. The cave can be divided into upper and lower floors. There are branch tunnels in the West and south of the cave hall. In 1980, the people's Government of Guangdong Province declared it a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit.

architectural composition

Huangyandong exhibition hall is located at the foot of Shizishan, heerkou Town, Fengkai County, covering an area of 20000 square meters and a construction area of more than 800 square meters. It is designed in imitation of Banpo site, with unique shape and characteristics. It is mainly composed of exhibition hall and Huangyandong ancient human cultural site. In addition to the above-mentioned unearthed cultural relics, there are also 148000 years ago (20000 years earlier than the "MABA people" in Qujiang) ancient human tooth fossils unearthed in nearby dongzhongyan, as well as thousands of late Paleolithic to modern fossils, stone tools, pottery, iron and bronze artifacts unearthed in other places in Fengkai. The quantity is amazing.

Huangyandong exhibition hall is a relatively complete exhibition hall of unearthed cultural relics in Fengkai county. It is also the West Guangdong workstation of Guangdong Provincial Institute of cultural relics and archaeology. It is an ideal place to understand and study the history of Fengkai and even South China.

Museum History

In August 1961, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Guangdong Provincial Museum inspected the karst caves in western Guangdong and discovered the Huangyan cave site. In April 1964, the Guangdong Provincial Museum, together with the Fengkai cultural center, re examined and excavated the Huangyan cave. Two human skull fossils were unearthed from the gray accumulation on the right side of the cave. The age of the human skull was 11930 ± 200 years by carbon 14. In July 1978, the Guangdong Provincial karst cave investigation team and the Zhaoqing karst cave archaeology training class excavated the Huangyan cave, and unearthed a number of stone tools in the cave entrance and cave hall accumulation. From the winter of 1989 to the spring of 1990, the Guangdong Provincial Museum, Fengkai County Museum and the Department of Anthropology of Sun Yat sen University jointly excavated the Huangyan cave site A large number of stone tools and mammal teeth fossils were obtained after a large area of cleaning; a Neolithic tomb was also cleared in Dongting, and human bones, pottery and pottery pieces were found. In addition, there are stone tools made by beating, piercing and grinding.

Structure of the Museum

According to the excavation data, there are four types of deposits in the cave

1. Brown yellow loam accumulation. It is located in part of the rock wall on the right side of the upper corridor and from the lower cavern hall to the West adit, of which the West Adit in the lower layer has the thickest accumulation. There are a lot of animal fossils in the deposit, and the degree of fossilization is deep. The main animal species are rhinoceros sinensis, tapir megatapir, sword elephant, cave subspecies of giant panda, etc. the geological age is the late Pleistocene;

2. Yellow yellow sandy soil is accumulated, cemented slightly hard, and the accumulated area is large. It is distributed in the whole cave hall. The accumulation in the northeast corner is slightly thick, 0.5-0.8 meters. There are ashes and charcoal chips in the accumulation. A large number of stone tools, grinding tools, teeth, bones and shells of animals are unearthed;

3. Grey sandy soil is accumulated, and the cement is slightly soft. It is located on the right side of the entrance and overlapped on the Yellow accumulation, with an area of 1 m long, 1.5 m wide and 0.20-0.80 m thick. It contains charcoal chips, ashes, burnt soil, burnt bones, animal bones and a large number of snails and mussels. Two human skulls are unearthed. 4. Light gray sand clay accumulation, with slightly soft cementation. It is located on the right side of the upper corridor. The accumulation area is small, containing conch shells and carbon chips, and a quartz flake stone was found.

More than 1000 pieces of stone tools were found in Huangyandong site, including choppers, scrapers, stone cores, hammers, and piercers. Most of them retain the natural surface of gravel, and are rough and easy to process. The cutting edge of the objects is very steep and the angle of the cutting edge is more than 70 degrees. Most of them are directly processed by hammering with one side and one direction. It belongs to the transition stage from Paleolithic age to Neolithic age and represents the stone industry of Lingnan area in the Mesolithic Age.

There are 30 species and genera in the Huangyandong fossil fauna, belonging to the xiphodonta fauna, a giant panda in South China. The age of the fauna is 13.6 ± 0.9 thousand years ago, which reflects the subtropical ecological environment at that time. The cave cultural relics in Lingnan and South China, represented by Fengkai Huangyan cave and Yangchun Duzi site, are valuable materials for studying the regional cultural features about 10000 years ago and earlier.

Tourism information

The Huangyan cave exhibition hall opens every day (large holidays are announced in advance). Citizens and tourists can register with their ID cards and other valid documents to get the tickets. In order to protect the cultural relics, 400 people are allowed to visit the museum every day.

Nearby attractions

Qianwu peak scenic spot

Qiancenfeng is located on the Bank of Huanggang River, 8km southeast of Yuliao Town, Fengkai county. It is composed of overlapping colorful sand shale and local calcareous shale. It belongs to sandstone peak forest landform and was formed in the Devonian period 380 million years ago. It is also the peak of the oldest orogeny in China - the Caledonian orogeny. It is one of the two standard places of the Caledonian orogeny in Guangdong Province. The main peak is 233 meters high. It's like a sword leaning on the sky. It goes straight into the sky. It's magnificent and precipitous. Although the mountain is not high, it is a combination of "the wonder of Huangshan, the danger of Huashan, the beauty of Lushan and the seclusion of Emei". Qiancengfeng scenic area mainly includes qiancengshuicui, Cangsong Yingke, Shanxi yintuo, Wujun Tingxiu, farewell to my concubine, gorge Feixia, ancient castle Liufang, mountain horse, guancui Pavilion, etc. Every year in late spring and March, all kinds of rhododendrons are in full bloom, all over the mountains and all over the country. It has become a gorgeous world of "hanging stones and hanging flowers".

Paradise Village

Located in Yanyan provincial scenic spot of HUAIJI County, the village is mainly composed of "Taoyuan Dongtian" and "Shiwaitaoyuan village". Taoyuan cave, originally known as "black rock", is full of dark mystery. There are a variety of scenery in the rock, a variety of strange rocks, like people and things, both in form and spirit, which make people reverie. It has the reputation of "underground gallery" and "Buddha cave". Walking out of the east entrance of the cave, you suddenly see a closed mountain basin surrounded by stone mountains. The mountains are dangerous, the peaks are strange, and the streams flow. Not far away, there is a small village named Taoyuan Village, which is called Changshou village. It has been more than 1700 years since Changshou village was established in the sixth year of the Western Jin Dynasty. Since ancient times, Taoyuan villagers have lived a long life. In 1994, at the age of 124, Taoyuan Village married girl Kong Ying won the title of "China's longevity Queen".

Address: Huangyandong scenic area, Fengkai National Geopark, Fengkai County, Zhaoqing City, located at the southwest foot of shiziyan, Yuliao town

Longitude: 111.80321693381

Latitude: 23.510114571145

Tel: 0758-6380347

Ticket information: no ticket required. Included in the ticket of Huangyan Cave Scenic Spot

Chinese PinYin : Huang Yan Dong Chen Lie Guan