Mangshan National Forest Park

Mangshan National Forest Park in Hunan Province

synonym

Mangshan National Forest Park generally refers to Hunan Mangshan National Forest Park

Mangshan National Forest Park in Hunan Province is named after the boa constrictor and the vast forest. It is located in the middle part of Nanling Mountain range at the junction of Hunan and Guangdong, and at the southernmost end of Yizhang County, Hunan Province. The annual average temperature is 17.2 ° C. Mangshan National Forest Park covers a total area of 20000 hectares. The forest coverage rate is 92.8%, the storage capacity of standing trees is 1.68 million cubic meters, there are more than 2700 species of higher plants, more than 300 species of vertebrates, including more than 50 species of key animals and plants protected by the state.

In February 2020, to pay homage to the medical workers, Mangshan National Forest Park in Hunan Province will implement free admission tour for medical workers and rural (community) grassroots cadres who visit the scenic spot from December 31, 2020 after the resumption of business after the end of the epidemic.

Location context

Mangshan National Forest Park in Hunan Province is located in Yizhang County, Chenzhou City, Hunan Province, bordering Guangdong Province. It is located in the middle of Nanling Mountains at the junction of Hunan and Guangdong Province, 130 km away from Chenzhou City.

The geographical coordinates are 112 ° 43 ′ 19 ″ - 113 ° 0 ′ 10 ″ E and 24 ° 52 ′ 0 ″ - 25 ° 23 ′ 12 ″ n.

geographical environment

topographic features

Mangshan National Forest Park is located in Yizhang County, Hunan Province. It is high in the north and South and low in the middle. The ground slope is inclined from the north, South and west to the middle and East. Limestone is widely distributed in Southwest China, and karst is well developed, with many caves and undercurrent; quartz sandstone is densely distributed in Northwest China, and small peaks are formed due to crustal action, especially around paiwu township of Huayuan. The eastern and western parts are low mountains and hills, with an average sea level of 200-500 meters. Streams and rivers crisscross the area, and there are many alluvial plains on both sides. The overall outline of the landform is an arc-shaped mountain landform, which is mainly composed of original mountains, hills and small plains, and protrudes northwestward.

Mangshan has a large vertical height difference, steep and vigorous mountain landscape, which is characterized by high, dangerous, majestic and strange. Mountain height: there are 126 peaks over 1000 meters in Mang Mountain. The main peak, mengkengshi (shared by Hunan and Guangdong provinces), is 1902 meters above sea level, known as "the first peak in South China".

climatic conditions

Mangshan Mountain is close to the Tropic of cancer and is one of the southernmost regions with winter in China. The topography of Nanling Mountains is affected by the tropical heating in the South and the cold air in the north, and its climate is obviously different from that of the forest region. The annual average temperature of Mangshan is 17.2 ℃, especially in the area above 900 meters above sea level, there is no severe cold in winter and no severe heat in summer. The first frost period of Mangshan is in early October, and the last frost period is in mid February. The freezing period is generally 4-5 days, up to 15 days. The average annual rainfall of Mangshan is more than 1700mm, but most of them are concentrated in April, may and June. Due to the complex topography of Mangshan Mountain and the influence of forest climate and microclimate, there are often different microclimate changes. Sometimes it rains heavily in the downstream, but it is sunny in the upstream. On a clear winter day, the climate of Mangshan is quite different. The cold air is pressing at the foot of the mountain, but it is warm on the mountain. This is due to the sinking of the cooling mass on the slope. This peculiar temperature is the "inversion layer". The peculiar triple sky phenomenon of "one mountain has four seasons, ten miles different days" creates the unique weather landscape of Mangshan.

Resources

plant resources

Mangshan National Forest Park in Hunan Province is the largest forest park in Hunan Province with 6000 hectares of virgin forest. It is a gathering place of North and South plants. Subtropical and a few tropical and frigid forest plants live together here. According to the survey and statistics, there are 219 families, 929 genera and 2659 species of vascular plants in the park, accounting for 74.1% of the total number of genera and 88.3% of the total number of families in Hunan Province. The forest park has 21 species of national key wild plants, including four species such as Taxus chinensis var. mairei in the first level, and 17 species such as xiangguoshu and Pinus thunbergii in the second level.

Mangshan flora is rich in ancient plant species. Mangshan is rarely affected by Quaternary glaciers. Many tertiary or older plants can be preserved. It is a good reserve of tertiary forest and a "refuge" of ancient plants. A large number of gymnosperms such as Taxus chinensis, Amentotaxus, Tsuga longibracteata, Tsuga chinensis, Taxus chinensis var. mairei and centurium are distributed in groups. There are 8 genera and 22 species, which indicate the antiquity of the flora. Mangshan has 20 endemic species, such as Nanling purple stem, Cyclobalanopsis obovata, Styrax macrocarpa, Rhododendron mangshanense, Dryopteris mangshanense, etc.

Animal resources

There are more than 300 species (excluding fish) of vertebrates belonging to 164 genera and 70 families in the park. Among them, there are 33 species of wild animals under state key protection. There are 4 species of South China tiger, leopard and Tragopan in the first level, and 29 species of pangolin and macaque in the second level. The giant poisonous snake, Mangshan iron headed snake, discovered in 1990, can be called a "national treasure" of the generation. There are only 300-500 snakes in the narrow range of Mangshan in the world.

Main attractions

natural landscape

Guizizhai scenic spot

Guizizhai (also known as chuangwanggu) is the first natural landscape area in Hunan Province. As early as 1957, with its unique natural scenery and many rare animals and plants, it became one of the 14 natural landscape areas in China. The stream water here is clear and contains 106900 negative ions per cubic centimeter. It is a natural oxygen bar with fresh air. The scenic area mainly includes tall Guangdong pine and hemlock forest, Jiangjun stone, Zhenshan Shenzhen, waterfall, Xianren, dianjiangtai, Yingbin pine, Xanadu, fairyland, Muyushi and other natural landscapes.

Yazishi scenic spot

Yazishi (also known as Tiantai Mountain) is a majestic and majestic mountain with dangerous cliffs, secluded valleys and many strange peaks and rocks. In the sunny season after the rain, the clouds and fog are shrouded, shaking like a fairyland on earth. There is a long history of Buddhist culture here, and the mystery of the female corpse is even more mysterious. The main scenic spots are xianzhangfeng, tongzifeng, jinbianshenzhu, weirenhui Guanyin, dongtianmen, Tiannan first danger, Xiaohuashan, xianjiucaipo, Azalea Forest, Guanyintang, Tiantai temple, thousand year yew, etc.

Mengkengshi scenic spot

Mengkengshiyou (famous Shikengkong), 1902.3 meters above sea level, is the highest peak of Mang Mountain. Because it is located at the junction of Hunan and Guangdong provinces and three cities, it is also the highest peak in Guangdong Province, known as "the first peak in the south of heaven". It rises high into the clouds and is surrounded by mountains. It is an excellent place for visitors to watch the sunrise and the sea of clouds. It used to be a military restricted zone and was stationed in the radar unit of the air force of the Chinese people's Liberation Army. Now, there are still carved fort like observation posts, radars, remains of pits and tunnels for hiding armaments. The main scenic spots are golden turtle stone, toad stone, military camp cave, alpine forest and so on.

Monkey King Village

The Houwang village is backed by primitive forests, precipices and cliffs, ancient trees covering the sky, narrow and secluded valleys, mountains carrying water, alternating with mountains and rivers, waterfalls in groups, one waterfall and one pool in disorder; the negative ions are as high as 100300 / cubic centimeter, and sometimes wild monkeys come here to look for food and play in the water, which is the best place for visitors to play in the water, watch the monkeys, absorb negative ions and moisten the lungs. The main scenic spots are Bishui Lake (yinlian jade basin), Chungu lake, guantian lake, Houwang lake, luanshitan, peacock Kaiping, shuilian cave, luanshi waterfall, Panlong Valley, etc.

Mangshan Pearl River source drifting

Mangshan, located in Mangshan park scenic area, is the source of Beijiang River, a tributary of the Pearl River. Enter the gate of the park from the starting point, and then walk five kilometers along the highway of the scenic spot to the end of the drifting.

The whole course of river drifting is five kilometers and takes about two hours. Along the way, with dense virgin forests, beautiful scenery and fresh air, it is the best natural oxygen bar with 100690 negative ions per cubic centimeter. The river is clear and the water quality is excellent. It is known as "mineral water surfing".

Mangshan Nature Museum

Mangshan nature museum is divided into animal museum and Mangshan iron snake Museum. The animal museum is based on animal specimens living in Mangshan. The iron headed snake museum is a special exhibition hall with the theme of introducing the unique iron headed snake in Mangshan.

places of historic figures and cultural heritage

Mangshan National Forest Park is close to Mangshan Yao nationality township. Yao people's houses have exquisite eaves, exquisite wooden windows, painted plaques on the forehead of the front door, which are simple, elegant and unique; Yao people's costumes are hand-woven and embroidered, which are simple and exquisite; Yao people's King Pan Festival is developed from commemorating their ancestors, with activities such as offering sacrifices to King Pan and singing competitions, which have unique local ethnic customs.

Development and construction

At the beginning of the Republic of China, the Han gentry in Mangshan resumed the Yong'an regiment.

In 1937, the Ministry of industry and Commerce of the national government decided to classify Mangshan Forest as a state-owned forest area.

In 1972, the forest farm was put under the jurisdiction of Chenzhou.

In 1982, Mangshan Forest Farm was renamed Mangshan Forestry Administration Bureau of Chenzhou Prefecture, Hunan Province, and Mangshan people's commune was renamed Mangshan Yao people's commune.

In 1984, Mangshan Yao people's commune was renamed Mangshan Township People's government.

In July 1992, Mangshan National Forest Park was established with the approval of the Ministry of forestry,

In November 1992, the establishment committee of Chenzhou district approved the establishment of Mangshan National Forest Park Management Office, which worked together with Mangshan Forest Management Bureau to implement two brands and one team.

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Chinese PinYin : Mang Shan Guo Jia Sen Lin Gong Yuan