Prince Zhang Huai's tomb

Prince Zhang Huai's tomb

Prince Zhang Huai's tomb is located on the highland to the north of yangjiawa village, Qianling Township, about 3 km southeast of Qianling County, about 300 meters east of Xilan highway, about 3.5 km northwest of Qianling county. Prince Zhang Huai is Mingxian. He is the second son of Li Zhi and Wu Zetian of Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty. He is one of the most talented children of Emperor Gaozong. The structure of the tomb is similar to that of Princess Yongtai, but smaller. More than 50 murals in the tomb are well preserved. Among them, "playing polo map", "hunting trip map", "welcome map", "bird watching and cicada catching map" are all wonderful. It shows the superb painting level of Tang Dynasty. A large number of pottery and other cultural relics were unearthed in the tomb. It is exquisitely made and vividly shaped. In fact, it is the best line depiction of the Tang Dynasty.

Practical information

Ticket information

The entrance ticket of Prince Zhang Huai's tomb is included in the entrance ticket of Qianling scenic spot. The ticket price of Qianling mausoleum is 82 yuan in off-season and 122 yuan in peak season.

Opening Hours

March to November: 08:00 ~ 18:00; December to February: 08:30 ~ 18:30

Traffic information

transit

Xi'an railway station has you No.3, which goes directly to Qianling. It runs once a day, leaving at 8:00 a.m. and returning from Qianling at 15:00 p.m. It's about two hours by car. Ticket price: 18 yuan one way. There will be extra cars in golden week. In the off-season, it will be shut down from January to March.

Passenger car

Take the shuttle bus from Xianyang north bus station and Xi'an to Qianxian county. After getting off, you can take a taxi to Qianling. The fare is about 20 yuan.

Self driving

Self driving from Xi'an Xianyang International Airport westbound 40 km.

Main attractions

Crown prince Zhang Huai's tomb is covered with soil in the shape of a bucket. The bottom is 43 meters long and wide, the top is 11 meters long and wide, and the height is about 18 meters. About 50 meters to the south of fengtudui, there is a pair of Tuque, 4.5 meters high, 5 meters long and 5 meters wide at the bottom. To the south of Tuque, there is a pair of stone sheep. Around the original wall, north-south 180 meters long, east-west 143 meters wide, West, East, northeast corner is still left on the ground, the whole tomb area covers an area of about 26000 square meters.

The tomb consists of a passage, a cave, a patio, a corridor, a front chamber and a back chamber, with a total length of 71 meters.

Graveway

From sacrifice to zhongbeicheng 28. It is 20 meters long and 2.5-3.3 meters wide. There are four groups of murals on the east wall and the west wall of the tomb. The east wall is a travel map, a guest envoy map, a guard of honor map and a green dragon map; the west wall is symmetrical with the horse ball map, a guest envoy map, a guard of honor map and a white tiger map.

Tomb over cave

Four. It is arched, 2.5m-3.4m long, 2.2m-2.4m wide and 2.8m-3m high. There are 10 groups of murals crossing the cave. On the East and west sides of the fourth cave, there is a long corridor building, separated by Zhu Zhu. On the south side of the east wall, there is a person sitting, wearing Fu head, round face, facing north, wearing a lapel robe and a belt. The right hand is clenched on the leg, and the left thumb is against the index finger and the middle finger. One person in the north, facing the south, with the same clothes and beard. Put your right hand on your leg, raise your right hand slightly, and extend your fingers slightly, as if talking to the person sitting in the south. Xibi two people also sit, a round collar, a lapel robe, hands together in the sleeve, placed in front of the chest.

courtyard

Four. The first patio is on the front corridor and has not been excavated. The other three are 3 meters long from east to west, 1.8-2 meters wide from north to South and 9-12 meters deep.

edicule

Six. In the East and west walls between the second and fourth patio, there are three color tomb animals, three color terracotta figures, horse riding terracotta figures, guard of honor terracotta figures, pottery terracotta figures, pottery horses, painted pottery, green glazed flower pots, etc.

Corridor

It is divided into front corridor and back corridor. The front corridor is 14 meters long, 1.7 meters wide and 2.1 meters high, with a wooden door. It is rotten. From the front chamber to the back chamber, there is a 9-meter-long corridor with the same height and width as the front one. There is a stone gate at the south end of the corridor. The right fan has been damaged by the stolen one. There are frescoes on the east wall of the front corridor, one for the waiter and three for the maid. Four maids of Xibi. The back corridor is a picture of a maid weeding flowers. There is an epitaph of King Yong at the entrance of the back corridor.

Front chamber

It is slightly square, 4.5 meters long and 4.5 meters wide. 6 meters high, dome, painted with the Milky way and the sun, moon, star, Chen. There are eight groups of murals, including the painting of bird watching and cicada catching, the painting of maid on the west side of the north wall, and the painting of ladies on the south side of the east wall.

Back chamber

Same as the former chamber. 5 meters in length, 5 meters in width and 6.5 meters in height. The top of the sun, moon and some stars are gilded. The moon in the west wall and most of the star's gold were scraped away by the tomb owner, while the sun in the east wall still keeps the gold. In the front and back rooms, the sun and the middle of the month are painted with "Jinwu", "Yutu Daoyao", "Guishu" and "toad" respectively. The front chamber sun and moon are located in the southeast and southwest, the back chamber sun is in the middle of the East, and the month is in the northwest corner of the West. The corridor and the tomb are all made of brick, and the floor is covered with square bricks.

In the back room, there is a veranda style stone coffin, which is 4 meters long, 3 meters wide and 2 meters high, and is composed of 33 large stone slabs. The southernmost one of the five slabs of the roof was pried open by the thief, and the leaning column in the southeast corner of the stone coffin also tilted to the south wall.

The silt inside the stone coffin is 1.5 meters deep. No funerary objects have been found. The wooden coffin has long been rotten. Two leg bones and skull fragments were found in the northeast corner of the inner wall of the sarcophagus, which had been disturbed and the burial style was unknown.

General situation of Mausoleum

Li Xian, the second son of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, was buried with Fang, the crown prince's concubine. Located in Qianxian County, Shaanxi Province, about 3 kilometers southeast of Qianling, it is one of the 17 accompanying tombs of Qianling. Excavated in 1971. In the first year of civilization (684), Li Xian was forced to commit suicide by Empress Wu Zetian. In the second year of Shenlong (706), Zhongzong was restored and buried with emperor Yong in Qianling mausoleum. In the second year of Jingyun's reign (711), the tomb was reopened to be buried with the imperial concubine Fang's family, and was awarded as Prince Zhang Huai. Its tomb was sealed in the shape of a covered bucket, surrounded by walls, and a pair of Tu Que and Shi Yang in the south. Underground facilities for the slope of the tomb, 4 holes, 3 patios, 3 pairs of small niches, before and after the corridor and square before and after the brick room, a total length of 71 meters. The epitaph of King Yong in the second year of Shenlong and the epitaph of Prince Zhanghuai in the second year of Jingyun were unearthed. The burial utensils are placed in the back room, and they are of verandah style. They are carved with images of male and female attendants. The murals in the tomb are well preserved, with more than 50 groups, full of life flavor. The tomb path is painted with hunting trip, horse ball, guest envoy, guard of honor, green dragon, white tiger, etc. the second pass cave is painted with halberds, the corridor and the wall of the tomb are painted with male and female attendants, and the top of the tomb is painted with celestial phenomena. The map of horse ball in the tomb passage and the picture of bird watching and cicada catching on the east wall of the front chamber are the most famous. The tomb has been looted and more than 600 pieces of relics have been unearthed. Among them, large-scale cultural officials and warriors figurines, camel, horse, tomb beast and so on are the three color masterpieces of the Tang Dynasty. From the subject matter and content, in addition to the auspicious patterns such as green dragon, white tiger, sun, moon and stars, most of his works, such as travel, guest envoys, guard of honor, polo, singing and dancing, as well as court maids and courtiers, have a strong flavor of court life.

Tomb stealing cave

In the southeast corner of the third patio, 0.7 meters long and 0.6 meters wide, the grave robbers smashed the stone gate and door frame of the back corridor, plundered the funerary objects in the coffin of the back room, smashed all the objects in the six niches, and exchanged their positions.

Prince Zhang Huai

Introduction to birth and death

Zhang Huai's Prince, Li Xian (655-684), was the sixth son of Emperor Gaozong and the second son of Empress Wu Zetian. Li Xian is one of the more talented children of Gaozong, who has a heavy tolerance. When I was just a few years old, I always read books. In the second year of the Shang Yuan Dynasty, he became the crown prince. Zhang Da'an and other scholars annotated the book of the later Han Dynasty. The book talks about the historical facts that after the death of Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty, his wife empress Lu used a large number of people from the LV family to exclude the court ministers and usurp the surname Liu of the Han Dynasty. Wu Zetian thought that this was an innuendo of comparing her to empress Lu. She was filled with hatred, so she tried every means to harm Li Xian. In order to protect himself, Li Xian had to hide his weapons in the East Palace horse square where he lived. After Wu Zetian found out, she exiled Li xianpai to Bazhou (today's Bazhong, Sichuan Province) on the pretext of hiding weapons and plotting against the law. In 684 ad, Li Xian died mysteriously in Bazhou, only 29 years old. There are different opinions about Li Xian's death, but most people think that Wu Zetian sent someone to kill Li Xian for fear of his comeback. (Empress Wu killed mingchongyan as a thief, suspected the prince's plan, framed it and abandoned it. Later, he was killed.)

After the restoration of Tang Zhongzong, in 706 A.D., the second year after Wu Zetian's death, Li Xian's remains were moved to Qianling for burial. In 711 ad, Emperor Ruizong of Tang Dynasty granted Li Xian the title of "Prince Zhanghuai".

Li Xianzi: Li Guangshun, Li Shouli and Li Shouyi.

Old book of Tang Dynasty

The scholars of Gaozong and Zhongzong

Chapter Huai Prince Xian, word Ming Yun, Gaozong sixth son also. Yonghui six years, Feng Lu king. In the first year of Xianqing, he was granted the title of governor of Qizhou. He was the governor of Jiayong Prefecture and Youzhou Prefecture. When it came out of the pavilion, it was elegant and deeply appreciated by Emperor Gaozong. Gaozong said to Sikong Li Xun: "I have read Shangshu, Liji and Lunyu. I have recited more than ten ancient poems and Fu, and I will never forget them. I once sent to read the Analects of Confucius until it was "virtuous and virtuous", so I repeated it again and again. I asked why it was so, but I said it. It's natural that we should be smart. " In the first year of longshuo, he was transferred to Peiwang, the governor of Yangzhou, and the general of zuowuwei. Two years later, he was the governor of Yangzhou.

In the second year of Linde, he joined the right guard general. In the third year of Xianheng, he changed his name to de and was granted the title of King Yong. He was granted the title of governor of Liangzhou. The general of Yongzhou and Youwei was as old as before. Shishi was granted the title of 1000 households. In the first year of the Shang Yuan Dynasty, he was still famous.

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Huai Tai Zi Mu