Niu Gan Ma Fei Xia

Niu Gan Ma Fei Xia

Niuganmafei gorge is located in Yichang City, Hubei Province. The upper section of Xiling Gorge, about 15 kilometers west of Xiangxi in Zigui, is between Xintan and Kongling beach, also known as Magan gorge. It is 4.5 kilometers long, with a thousand steep cliffs, facing each other across the bank. It has a great potential to tie up the Yangtze River as a line. The boat passed Xintan and went down not far. Between the various rocks, there were two overlapping and drooping ochre yellow rocks in the north of the river. One was like a cow's liver, and the other was like a horse's lung. This section of Canyon is named after "cattle liver and horse lung". In the past, there was an ancient pine growing on the "horse lung", which can be seen from a distance. It was like a guard in the gorge and became a natural navigation mark.

Brief introduction of niuganmafei Gorge

Niu Gan Ma Fei Xia

Niuganmafei gorge is located in the upper part of Xiling Gorge, about 15 kilometers west of Xiangxi in Zigui. This gorge is named after two naturally drooping yellowish brown stalactites on the cliff of the North Bank of the Yangtze River, which are shaped like cattle liver and horse lung. Ma Fei was destroyed by British gunships during the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty. Now only cattle liver can be seen. On both sides of niuganmafei gorge, there are green peaks, cliffs, waterfalls and verdant trees. On the south bank, there is fairy peak, which looks like the legendary white cloud fairy. There is a clear stream under the peak - Jiuwan stream. It's said that Qu Yuan once planted Jiudan Zhilan on the Bank of the river. In fact, Niugan stone is made of several rocks of different sizes. It looks like Niugan and hangs on the cliff cut by knives and axes. At the bottom right of it is a lung like rock called horse lung. Niuganmafei gorge is named after it. In fact, they are stalactites formed by precipitation of calcium carbonate in groundwater.

Main scenic spots

This scenic spot is famous for its inkstone nest, Bijia mountain, Tianwen mountain, Duxing stone, Zhilan Tianquan, Jiuwan waterfall and Zhongru cave. Under niuganmafei gorge is Kongling beach. It turns out that there is a 200 meter long stone beam in the middle of the river, which divides the river into two troughs in the north and the south. The reefs at the bottom of the river crisscross each other. When a boat passes through the river, it is necessary to "empty the river and get through". After renovation, the liangcao River, formerly known as "Guimenguan", has become a smooth "taipingguan".

"Thousands of years of rain drench the end of decay, ten thousand years of scorching sun dry; eagles hover in the air, to satisfy hunger under the mouth is difficult." For centuries, this "ox liver and horse lung" has been hanging on the cliff. For people to watch. However, during the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, it was bombarded by imperialist gunboats, resulting in the deformity of the lower part of the "horse lung"! "The sword in the book of war is similar in shape, and the ox liver and horse lung say that Kou is crazy." Niuganmafei gorge is 4.5 km long. The shape of the mountain is convex and concave, shading the sun and making the river look secluded. There are many springs in the caves between the cliffs on both sides of the Strait. If the beads are like lines, they flow continuously. Over time, various kinds of stalactites have been formed, hanging between the cliffs. They look precarious, but in fact they are safe. Among them, the most interesting is the stalactite hanging from two overlapping masses on the north bank. One of them looks like a cow's liver, the other looks like a horse's lung. "Niu Gan Ma Fei Xia" is named for this. Unfortunately, today's tourists can't see the whole picture of "cattle liver and horse lung".

On both sides of niuganmafei gorge, strange rocks stand, the river is narrow and turbulent. In the era of wooden boats, it was also a difficult section of the river. Lu You's poem "crossing renmagan gorge in dongjintan" specially describes the difficulties of this gorge

The scholar fled on food, and the road was filled with disgust.

The rapids on the ship are like rolling back, and the cliffs of popularity are like flying.

Mouth boast far ridge green thousand fold, the heart remembers flat wave green a pole.

Sheng Xi Ding never died lightly and drove with him all the time.

Fairy peak

On both sides of niuganmafei gorge, there are green peaks, cliffs, waterfalls and verdant trees. There is fairy peak on the south bank. Also known as Zihua peak. It is said that in the Tang Dynasty, there were nine women who cultivated themselves as immortals in this mountain and turned cranes into flying bodies. Ruiying reflects this peak, hence the name.

In the ups and downs of the mountains, only this peak stands abruptly, more than 980 meters high, standing between Daqiao and Guihua. When you climb to the top of the mountain, you can see that the stars are close and the world is far away. Zihua temple, also known as fairy temple, was founded in the 10th year of Shunzhi in the early Qing Dynasty (1653 AD). According to an stele, since the Tang Dynasty, nine fairies have been flying in the form of cranes. Rui reflects the peak and prospers Qianlong. Ruiming, the ancestor of Qianlong, founded and built three temples during the reign of Guiji in Shunzhi. There is also a mountain gate, as well as the monk's bedroom and miscellaneous house. The gate is about 5 meters high and 6 meters wide. The middle of the gate is engraved with the word "Zihua nunnery". The upper layer is embossed with the word "Shuanglong Xizhu" and the top is a delicate Buddhist character. Each door frame is carved with a door god. A little to the left in front of the mountain gate are Rock Springs and wells, which are often clear all the year round and can be used for drinking. There is a stone on the right in front of the door, which is shaped like a pestle and mortar. It is said that it was used by a fairy to stamp medicine. Enter the gate along the stone road to the first hall, climb the 37 stone steps to the second hall, and then climb the three stone steps to the third hall. There is a Buddha statue in the hall, and the beauty of fairies is painted on the wall. In addition to the brick and wood structure of the first and second halls, the mountain gate, the temple base and the third hall are all stone buildings. The three halls are connected with each other, and stand on the top of the peak, covered by green trees, such as the qiongge Pavilion in Sendai. Qianlong 35 years (AD 1764), Shanmen eight Pavilion records: taste fairy mountain, ancient and modern considerable, people look up to, fengle (at that time this place belongs to Anhua County fengle township) the first scene. Today, from huangqi'ao to Xiannv peak, the Xianlu Pavilion and forbidden stele still exist on the way. The climbing Road is zigzag and rugged. Thirty six pavilions are winding up to decorate the mountain forest, with unique scenery. The Zihua temple remains on the top of the peak, the mountain gate stands upright, the inscriptions are recognizable, the stone mortar remains as before, and the spring flows continuously. Its natural scenery is still picturesque. If the spring day, the clouds, fog around the mountains, hazy scenery, people have a sense of ecstasy; when the summer is hot, green trees block out the sun, spring murmur, cool wind, visitors seem to be in a summer resort; autumn day, the sky is high, the clouds are light, the beautiful wind is light, look around, mountains, rural cottages, panoramic view, it is refreshing.

Jiuwanxi

On both sides of niuganmafei gorge, there are green peaks, cliffs, waterfalls and verdant trees. On the south bank, there is fairy peak, which looks like the legendary white cloud fairy. There is a clear stream under the peak - Jiuwan stream. It's said that Qu Yuan once planted Jiudan Zhilan on the Bank of the river. It originates from the south foot of Yuntai wasteland and the northwest of Zhuxi wasteland in Yanglinqiao town. According to the river reach, it is called Sandu River, Linjia River, Laolin River and Jiuwan River, collectively referred to as Jiuwan river. The stream flows to the Yangtze River 20 km upstream of the Three Gorges dam. The total length of the stream is 42.3 km, the drainage area is 514.5 km2, the riverbed width is 40-710 m, the average water depth is 0.8 m, the river drop is 1073 m, the average slope is 2.5%, the annual average flow is 17.5 m3 / s, the maximum flow in flood period is more than 7000 m3 / s, and the minimum flow is 2.5 m3 / s. The place where the stream passes through is dominated by Canyon and karst landform. The scenery on both sides of the Strait is peculiar and beautiful, most of the areas are sparsely populated, and the ecological environment is good, forming many unique landscapes, which is one of the ten landscapes of the new Three Gorges. Jiuwan river rafting is very charming. The 13.2km long river course is divided into two sections. The upper section is 6.4km long, exciting rafting, flying boats on the rapids, passionate, green water circuitous. There are many cliffs on both sides of the river. People are floating in the water. The lower section is 6.8km long, leisure rafting in still water. The water depth is 70-80m. The cliffs on both sides of the river stand relatively high, with a total of 48 Each peak has a different posture, with more than 100 species of vegetation. Sitting on a 12 seat environment-friendly double pontoon rafter, you can enjoy the fresh and natural mountain breeze, such as bifengshi, wangfushi, houwangzhai, baixiaotu, fairy bathing and other exotic beauty along the way, such as in Xianjing; you can enjoy the charm of ancient trees, herbs, ivy and strange animals in primitive forest; you can experience Jiuwanxi power station and Jiuwanxi hydropower station It can explore the tranquility and adventure of the 800m Qingzhong ground crack.

Migration of bovine liver and horse lung isthmus

On June 1, 2003, the Three Gorges Project began to store water. On June 3, half of the "horse lungs" were blasted off by British warships who had broken into the Three Gorges, and were soon submerged by the river. According to the progress of the impoundment of the Three Gorges project, "Niugan" will be submerged in three days.

Zigui county government made an immediate decision: taking advantage of the rise of the river, it cut off the intact "ox liver" and moved it to Fenghuang Mountain for landscape restoration, so as to protect this famous landscape on the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. It is estimated that the "ox liver" weighs more than 60 tons and consists of upper, middle and lower sections with loose stone. The whole cutting process takes about 2 to 3 days. In the early morning of June 4, 2003, a local stone company that accepted the cutting task drove the construction barge directly under the "Niugan", and took micro explosive cutting and dense drilling expansion cutting for the upper, middle and lower "Niugan". The height of "Niugan" is 5.8 meters, and the widest part is 7 meters. The constructors divided it into 15 pieces for number cutting. After three days of intensive construction, the cutting project was successfully completed at 5:00 p.m. on the 6th, and the real weight of the whole cut beef liver was more than 100 tons. On June 7, 2003, the construction personnel transported the cut "cattle liver" to Fenghuang mountain safely.

On June 8, 2003, the impoundment of the Three Gorges project entered its eighth day. The water level in front of the dam of the Three Gorges project has reached 129.20 meters. The location of niuganmafei gorge is submerged underwater, and the more spectacular scenery of Gaoxia and Pinghu is replaced.

Historical overview

In April of the 25th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, the British gunboat "Woodcock" entered the Xiajiang river. Woodcock started from Yichang,

Chinese PinYin : Niu Gan Ma Fei Xia